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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
U+8339, 茹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8339

[U+8338]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+833A]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 140, +6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿女口 (TVR), four-corner 44460, composition )

  1. roots
  2. vegetables
  3. eat
  4. to bear; withstand

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1029, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30921
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1488, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3211, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+8339

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *nja, *njaʔ, *njas) : semantic (grass, plants) + phonetic (OC *nja, *njas) – plant roots, part of a plant.

Etymology 1

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Schuessler (2007) proposes an Austroasiatic origin; compare Kharia [script needed] (ɲoʔ, to eat) and Proto-Vietic *s-nja:ʔ (to chew, to masticate) (> Vietnamese nhá). Schuessler (2003) also compares 茹 with Jingpho noʔ¹ 'to eat' and Proto-Mienic *ʔnəkD 'to swallow'.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Initial () (38) (38) (38)
Final () (22) (22) (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division () III III III
Fanqie
Baxter nyo nyoX nyoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ȵɨʌ/ /ȵɨʌX/ /ȵɨʌH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ȵiɔ/ /ȵiɔX/ /ȵiɔH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȵʑiɔ/ /ȵʑiɔX/ /ȵʑiɔH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ȵɨə̆/ /ȵɨə̆X/ /ȵɨə̆H/
Li
Rong
/ȵiɔ/ /ȵiɔX/ /ȵiɔH/
Wang
Li
/ȵʑĭo/ /ȵʑĭoX/ /ȵʑĭoH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ȵʑi̯wo/ /ȵʑi̯woX/ /ȵʑi̯woH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jyu4 jyu5 jyu6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ nyoX › ‹ nyoH › ‹ nyoH ›
Old
Chinese
/*naʔ/ /*na-s/ /*naʔ-s/
English swallow, eat scrutinize swallow, eat

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 9624 9630 9633
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*nja/ /*njaʔ/ /*njas/

Definitions

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  1. to eat
  2. (literary) to bear
    含辛  ―  hánxīn  ―  to suffer hardships
  3. (literary) to guess
  4. (literary) soft
  5. (literary) corrupted
  6. (literary) vegetables
  7. a surname
  8. (organic chemistry) rubicene

Compounds

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References

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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“(Southern Min) chaotic; messy; disorderly”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. to boil
  2. to seethe

Readings

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  • Go-on: にょ (nyo)
  • Kan-on: じょ (jo)
  • Kun: ゆでる (yuderu, 茹でる)くう (kuu, 茹う)
  • Nanori: かやね (kayane)

Korean

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Hanja

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(yeo) (hangeul , revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ, Yale ye)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: như[1][2], nhự[3]
: Nôm readings: nhà[1][2][3][4], nhờ[1], nhựa[3], nhừa[3], nhu[5]

  1. Nôm form of nhà (home).

References

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