掩

掩 U+63A9, 掩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63A9 ← 推 [U+63A8] CJK Unified Ideographs 措 → [U+63AA]

掩 U+2F8C1, 掩 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8C1 ← 揅 [U+2F8C0] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 㨮 → [U+2F8C2]

Translingual

Han character

掩 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 手大中山 (QKLU), four-corner 5401₆, composition ⿰扌奄)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 439, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12285
• Dae Jaweon: page 790, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1893, character 5
• Unihan data for U+63A9

• Unihan data for U+2F8C1

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (奄) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
庵	*qoːm, *qoːb
鵪	*qoːm
菴	*qoːm, *qrom
馣	*qoːm
晻	*qoːmʔ, *qromʔ
唵	*qoːmʔ
黤	*qoːmʔ, *qraːmʔ
埯	*qaːmʔ, *qomʔ
淹	*qroːm, *qrom, *qom, *qoms
閹	*qrom, *qromʔ
崦	*qrom
醃	*qrom, *qom
掩	*qromʔ
奄	*qromʔ
罨	*qromʔ, *qoːb, *qob
裺	*qromʔ, *qoms
俺	*qromʔ, *qoms
腌	*qom, *qrob, *qob
殗	*qob
餣	*qob

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qromʔ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 奄 (OC *qromʔ).

Etymology 1

trad.		掩
simp. #		掩

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǎn (yan³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jim²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): am / om / ng / iám

  (Teochew, Peng'im): iam² / iang²

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁵i / ³ie

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yǎn
    • Wade–Giles: yen³
    • Yale: yǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yean
    • Palladius: янь (janʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jim²
    • Yale: yím
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jim²
    • Guangdong Romanization: yim²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːm³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: am / om / ng / iám
    • Tâi-lô: am / om / ng / iám
    • Phofsit Daibuun: afm, ofm, ngf, iarm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /am⁴⁴/, /ɔm⁴⁴/, /ŋ̍⁴⁴/, /iam⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /am³³/, /ɔm³³/, /ŋ̍³³/, /iam⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /am⁴⁴/, /ɔm⁴⁴/, /ŋ̍⁴⁴/, /iam⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /am⁴⁴/, /ɔm⁴⁴/, /ŋ̍⁴⁴/, /iam⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /am⁴⁴/, /ɔm⁴⁴/, /ŋ̍⁴⁴/, /iam⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: iam² / iang²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iám / iáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iam⁵²/, /iaŋ⁵²/

Note: iang2 - Chenghai.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵i
    • MiniDict: i^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²i
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /i³⁴/
  • (Northern: Suzhou, Haining)
    • Wugniu: ³ie
    • MiniDict: ie^上
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɪ⁵¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Haining): /ie⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: 'jemX

Rime
Character	掩
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	鹽 (154)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	衣儉切
Baxter	'jemX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠiᴇmX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔᵚiɛmX/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiæmX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔjiamX/
Li Rong	/ʔjɛmX/
Wang Li	/ĭɛmX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ɛmX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jim2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qromʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	掩
Reading #	1/1
No.	14343
Phonetic component	奄
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	奄
Old Chinese	/*qromʔ/

Definitions

掩

1. to cover
2. to hide; to conceal; to cover up
3. to close; to shut

   • 秋燈掩卷懷千古 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     秋灯掩卷怀千古 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 1910, 黃玹 (Hwang Hyeon), 《絶命詩》 (Poem on ending one's life), 《梅泉集》

     qiū dēng yǎn juǎn huái qiāngǔ [Pinyin]

     [Under] the autumn lamp, [I] shut my book and think to the ages past

4. (Cantonese) to close partially

   掩埋度門／掩埋度门 [Cantonese]  ―  jim² maai⁴ dou⁶ mun⁴ [Jyutping]  ―  to close the door partially

5. (colloquial) to get pinched; to get caught
6. (literary, or in compounds) to ambush

Synonyms

• (to cover):

edit

• 掩蔽 (yǎnbì) (usually military)
• 擋 / 挡
• 蒙上 (méngshàng)
• 蔽障 (bìzhàng)
• 被覆 (bèifù)
• 遮蓋 / 遮盖 (zhēgài)
• 遮蔽 (zhēbì)
• 障蔽 (zhàngbì)

• (to hide):

edit

• 埋葬 (máizàng) (literary, figurative)
• 掩蓋 / 掩盖 (yǎngài) (figurative)
• 掩藏 (yǎncáng)
• 掩飾 / 掩饰 (yǎnshì)
• 文飾 / 文饰 (literary)
• 藏掖 (cángyē)
• 遮 (literary, or in compounds)
• 遮掩 (zhēyǎn)
• 遮蓋 / 遮盖 (zhēgài)
• 隱匿 / 隐匿 (yǐnnì)
• 隱瞞 / 隐瞒 (yǐnmán)

Compounds

• 兩葉掩目 / 两叶掩目
• 半掩半開 / 半掩半开
• 半開半掩 / 半开半掩
• 打掩護 / 打掩护 (dǎyǎnhù)
• 抉瑕掩瑜
• 掩不住
• 掩人耳目 (yǎnrén'ěrmù)
• 掩住
• 掩入
• 掩其不備 / 掩其不备
• 掩其無備 / 掩其无备
• 掩卷 (yǎnjuàn)
• 掩口
• 掩口盧胡 / 掩口卢胡
• 掩口胡盧 / 掩口胡卢
• 掩咯雞 / 掩咯鸡
• 掩埋 (yǎnmái)
• 掩埋場 / 掩埋场
• 掩惡揚善 / 掩恶扬善
• 掩惡溢美 / 掩恶溢美
• 掩抑
• 掩旗息鼓
• 掩映
• 掩星
• 掩映生姿
• 掩殺 / 掩杀 (yǎnshā)
• 掩沒 / 掩没
• 掩泣
• 掩涕
• 掩淚 / 掩泪
• 掩瑕藏疾
• 掩目捕雀 (yǎnmùbǔquè)
• 掩瞞 / 掩瞒
• 掩罪藏惡 / 掩罪藏恶
• 掩罪飾非 / 掩罪饰非
• 掩耳
• 掩耳偷鈴 / 掩耳偷铃
• 掩耳盜鈴 / 掩耳盗铃 (yǎn'ěrdàolíng)
• 掩耳盜鐘 / 掩耳盗钟
• 掩耳而走
• 掩蓋 / 掩盖 (yǎngài)
• 掩蔽 (yǎnbì)
• 掩蔽部 (yǎnbìbù)
• 掩藏 (yǎncáng)
• 掩袖
• 掩襲 / 掩袭 (yǎnxí)
• 掩護 / 掩护 (yǎnhù)
• 掩護射擊 / 掩护射击
• 掩護部隊 / 掩护部队
• 掩賢妒善 / 掩贤妒善
• 掩門 / 掩门
• 掩閉 / 掩闭 (yǎnbì)
• 掩雀捕蟬 / 掩雀捕蝉
• 掩面 (yǎnmiàn)
• 掩面失色
• 掩飾 / 掩饰 (yǎnshì)
• 掩骼埋胔
• 掩體 / 掩体 (yǎntǐ)
• 掩鼻
• 掩鼻偷香
• 掩鼻而過 / 掩鼻而过
• 掩鼻蹙頞 / 掩鼻蹙𱂨
• 撲掩 / 扑掩
• 敷掩
• 東掩西遮 / 东掩西遮
• 東遮西掩 / 东遮西掩
• 毫不掩飾 / 毫不掩饰
• 水來土掩 / 水来土掩
• 瑜不掩瑕
• 瑕不掩瑜 (xiábùyǎnyú)
• 盜鈴掩耳 / 盗铃掩耳 (dàolíngyǎn'ěr)
• 盜鐘掩耳 / 盗钟掩耳
• 竊鐘掩耳 / 窃钟掩耳
• 胡撲掩 / 胡扑掩
• 花遮柳掩
• 藏掩
• 虛掩 / 虚掩 (xūyǎn)
• 衛生掩埋 / 卫生掩埋
• 遮前掩後 / 遮前掩后
• 遮掩 (zhēyǎn)
• 遮遮掩掩 (zhēzhēyǎnyǎn)
• 難掩 / 难掩

Descendants

• → Khmer: អៀម (ʼiəm)
• → Thai: เอี๊ยม (íiam)
• →? Vietnamese: yếm

Etymology 2

trad.		掩
simp. #		掩
alternative forms		匽

Potentially from 匽 (MC 'jonX). Compare also e.g. Suzhounese 迓 (³ia, “to hide oneself; to avoid (people); to run from (responsibilities etc)”) and Ningbonese 幽 (⁵ieu, “to hide oneself”).

Pronunciation

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ³ie

---

• Wu
  • (Northern: Suzhou, Haining)
    • Wugniu: ³ie
    • MiniDict: ie^上
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɪ⁵¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Haining): /ie⁵³/

Definitions

掩

1. (Sujiahu Wu) to hide (oneself)
2. (Sujiahu Wu) to hide away oneself; to avoid (someone); to shy away from

Synonyms

• (to hide oneself):

Dialectal synonyms of 躲 (“to hide”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		躲藏, 藏躲, 躲
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	藏, 貓
	Taiwan	躲, 藏
	Singapore	躲
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	藏
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	藏, 卻
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	藏, 躲
	Wuhan	躲
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	躲
	Hefei	藏
Cantonese	Guangzhou	匿, 匿埋
	Hong Kong	匿, 匿埋
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	摒
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	摒埋
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	摒
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	摒
	Macau	匿埋
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	匿埋
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	摒埋
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	匿埋
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	揞埋
	Foshan	匿埋
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	匿埋
	Foshan (Shunde)	匿埋
	Foshan (Sanshui)	匿埋
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	匿埋
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	匿埋
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	揞埋
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	匿埋
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	匿埋
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	摒埋
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	匿埋, 摒埋
	Taishan	匿
	Kaiping (Chikan)	匿
	Enping (Niujiang)	匿
	Heshan (Yayao)	匿埋
	Dongguan	求埋
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	匿埋
	Yangjiang	餌, 伏
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	匿埋
Gan	Nanchang	躲
Hakka	Meixian	摒
	Hong Kong	摒
	Senai (Huiyang)	摒
Jin	Taiyuan	躲
Northern Min	Jian'ou	儲
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	屈, 覭
Southern Min	Xiamen	覕, 囥
	Quanzhou	覕, 囥
	Zhangzhou	覕, 踮
	Taipei	覕
	Kaohsiung	覕
	Yilan	覕
	Changhua (Lukang)	覕
	Taichung	覕
	Tainan	覕
	Kinmen	覕
	Penghu (Magong)	覕
	Singapore (Hokkien)	覕
	Manila (Hokkien)	覕
	Datian	逃
	Chaozhou	踮, 覕
	Shantou	踮, 覕
	Jieyang	踮, 覕
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	踮
	Wenchang	逃
	Haikou	逃
Wu	Shanghai	囥, 𨒃, 迓
	Suzhou	𨒃, 匽, 迓
	Wuxi	迓
	Ningbo	幽
	Wenzhou	埋, 縮, 躲
	Jinhua	幽
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	幽
Xiang	Changsha	躲
	Shuangfeng	躲

Japanese

Kanji

掩

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. cover
2. conceal

Readings

• On (unclassified): えん (en)
• Kun: おおう (ōu, 掩う)

Compounds

• 掩蔽(えんぺい) (enpei): concealment, masking, cloaking

Korean

Hanja

掩 • (eom) (hangeul 엄, revised eom, McCune–Reischauer ŏm, Yale em)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

掩: Hán Nôm readings: ém

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.