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唵

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
唵 U+5535, 唵
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5535
← 唴
[U+5534] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 唶 →
[U+5536]

Translingual

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Han character

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唵 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 口大中山 (RKLU), four-corner 64016, composition ⿰口奄)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 193, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3770
  • Dae Jaweon: page 414, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 638, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+5535

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (奄) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
庵 *qoːm, *qoːb
鵪 *qoːm
菴 *qoːm, *qrom
馣 *qoːm
晻 *qoːmʔ, *qromʔ
唵 *qoːmʔ
黤 *qoːmʔ, *qraːmʔ
埯 *qaːmʔ, *qomʔ
淹 *qroːm, *qrom, *qom, *qoms
閹 *qrom, *qromʔ
崦 *qrom
醃 *qrom, *qom
掩 *qromʔ
奄 *qromʔ
罨 *qromʔ, *qoːb, *qob
裺 *qromʔ, *qoms
俺 *qromʔ, *qoms
腌 *qom, *qrob, *qob
殗 *qob
餣 *qob

Etymology 1

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trad. 唵
simp. # 唵

Schuessler (2007) suggests that this is an endoactive derivation from 喑 (OC *qɯːm, “mute; silent”).

Ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-ʔum ~ *mum (“to hold in mouth; to chew; to eat; to kiss”); compare Tibetan ཨུམ (um, “kiss”) (STEDT; Benedict, 1972; Coblin, 1986; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Rime
Character 唵
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 覃 (159)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 烏感切
Baxter 'omX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔʌmX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔəmX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔɒmX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔəmX/
Li
Rong 		/ʔᴀmX/
Wang
Li 		/ɒmX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʔămX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		am2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 唵
Reading # 1/1
No. 14333
Phonetic
component 		奄
Rime
group 		談
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		晻
Old
Chinese 		/*qoːmʔ/

Definitions

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唵

  1. (obsolete, rare) to hold in one's mouth
  2. to eat with one's hand

Etymology 2

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trad. 唵
simp. # 唵

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit ॐ (oṃ).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 唵
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 覃 (159)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 烏感切
Baxter 'omX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔʌmX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔəmX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔɒmX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔəmX/
Li
Rong 		/ʔᴀmX/
Wang
Li 		/ɒmX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʔămX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		am2

Definitions

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唵

  1. (Buddhism) om, aum
    Synonym: 嗡

Compounds

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Etymology 3

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trad. 唵
simp. # 唵

Pronunciation 1

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Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Definitions
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唵

  1. An interjection indicating doubt: um

Pronunciation 2

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Definitions
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唵

  1. An interjection indicating response: mhm; uh-huh

Etymology 4

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trad. 唵
simp. # 唵
alternative forms 食

Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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唵

  1. (Hokkien, childish) to eat
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 吃 (“to eat”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 食1
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 吃
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 吃
Taiwan 吃
Harbin 吃, 𠯪
Malaysia 吃
Singapore 吃
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 吃
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 吃
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 吃
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 吃
Xi'an 吃
Lanyin Mandarin Ürümqi 吃
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 吃
Chongqing 吃
Wuhan 吃
Guilin 吃, 𠯪 dated
Liuzhou 吃
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 吃
Yangzhou 吃
Hefei 吃
Cantonese Guangzhou 食1, 吃
Hong Kong 食1, 吃
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 吃
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 吃
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 食1
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 食1
Macau 食1
Guangzhou (Panyu) 食1
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 食1
Guangzhou (Conghua) 食1
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 食1
Foshan 食1
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 食1
Foshan (Shunde) 食1
Foshan (Sanshui) 食1
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 吃
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 吃
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 吃
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 吃
Zhuhai (Doumen) 吃
Jiangmen (Baisha) 食1
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 吃
Taishan 吃
Kaiping (Chikan) 吃
Enping (Niujiang) 吃
Heshan (Yayao) 食1
Dongguan 食1
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 食1
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 食1
Qingyuan 食1
Fogang 食1
Yingde (Hanguang) 食1
Yangshan 吃
Lianshan (Butian) 吃
Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) 吃
Shaoguan 食1
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 食1
Renhua 食1
Lechang 食1
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 吃
Sihui 吃
Guangning 吃
Deqing 吃
Huaiji 吃
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 吃
Yunfu 食1
Xinxing 吃
Luoding 食1
Yunan (Pingtai) 吃
Yangjiang 吃
Xinyi 食1
Maoming (Xinpo) 食1
Lianjiang 食1
Wuchuan (Wuyang) 吃
Nanning 食1
Wuzhou 食1
Yulin 吃
Hepu (Lianzhou) 吃
Hepu (Shatian) 吃
Guiping 食1
Mengshan (Xihe) 吃
Guigang (Nanjiang) 吃
Beiliu (Tangliao) 吃
Baise 吃
Bobai 吃
Lingshan 吃
Pubei 吃
Qinzhou 食1
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 吃
Beihai 食1
Beihai (Nankang) 食1
Beihai (Yingpan) 吃, 食1
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 食1
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 食1
Ningming 食1
Hengzhou 吃
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) 吃
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 食1
Danzhou 吃
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 食1
Penang (Guangfu) 食1
Singapore (Guangfu) 食1
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 食1
Móng Cái 食1
Gan Nanchang 吃
Pingxiang 吃
Hakka Meixian 食1
Xingning 食1
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 食1
Huiyang 食1
Huidong (Daling) 食1
Dongguan (Qingxi) 食1
Boluo (Bendihua) 食1
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 食1
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 食1
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 食1
Wuhua (Huacheng) 食1
Wuhua (Meilin) 食1
Heyuan (Bendihua) 食1
Zijin 食1
Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) 食1
Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) 食1
Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) 食1
Wengyuan 食1
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 食1
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 食1
Liannan 食1
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 食1
Jiexi 食1
Luhe 食1
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 食1
Changting 食1
Wuping 食1
Wuping (Yanqian) 食1
Wuping (Pingyu) 食1
Liancheng 食1
Ninghua 食1
Yudu 食1
Ruijin 食1
Shicheng 食1
Shangyou (Shexi) 食1
Tonggu (Sandu) 食1
Ganzhou (Panlong) 食1
Dayu 食1
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 食1
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 食1
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 食1
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 食1
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 食1
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 食1
Hong Kong 食1
Yangxi (Tangkou) 食1
Yangchun (Sanjia) 食1
Xinyi (Sihe) 食1
Xinyi (Qianpai) 食1
Gaozhou (Xindong) 食1
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 食1
Huazhou (Xin'an) 食1
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 食1
Lianjiang (Qingping) 食1
Mengshan (Xihe) 食1
Luchuan 食1
Luchuan (Daqiao) 食1
Beiliu (Tang'an) 食1
Mashan (Pianlian) 食1
Senai (Huiyang) 食1
Kuching (Hepo) 食1
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 食1
Singapore (Meixian) 食1
Singapore (Dabu) 食1
Huizhou Jixi 吃
Jin Taiyuan 吃
Northern Min Jian'ou 饁
Songxi 饁
Zhenghe 饁
Jianyang 饁
Wuyishan 饁
Pucheng (Shibei) 饁
Eastern Min Fuzhou 食3
Fuzhou (Changle) 食3
Fuqing 食3
Yongtai 食3
Gutian 食3
Fu'an 食3
Ningde 食3
Shouning 食3
Zhouning 食3
Fuding 食3
Matsu 食3
Singapore (Fuqing) 食3
Sitiawan (Gutian) 食3
Southern Min Xiamen 食3, 捋 slang, 唵 childish
Quanzhou 食3, 煰, 捋 slang
Jinjiang 食3
Yongchun 食3
Zhangzhou 食3, 捋 slang, 唵 childish
Zhao'an 食3
Taipei 食3
New Taipei (Sanxia) 食3
Kaohsiung 食3
Yilan 食3
Changhua (Lukang) 食3
Taichung 食3
Tainan 食3
Hsinchu 食3
Kinmen 食3
Penghu (Magong) 食3
Penang (Hokkien) 食3
Singapore (Hokkien) 食3
Manila (Hokkien) 食3, 唵唵 childish
Medan (Hokkien) 食3
Longyan 食3
Zhangping 食3
Zhangping (Yongfu) 食3
Pingnan (Shangdu) 食3
Chaozhou 食3
Shantou 食3
Shantou (Chenghai) 食3
Shantou (Chaoyang) 食3
Jieyang 食3
Haifeng 食3
Bangkok (Teochew) 食3
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 食3
Singapore (Teochew) 食3
Batam (Teochew) 食3
Pontianak (Teochew) 食3
Wenchang 食3
Haikou 食3
Qionghai 食3
Singapore (Hainanese) 食3
Puxian Min Putian 食3
Xianyou 食3
Central Min Yong'an 饁
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 吃
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 食3
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 吃
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 吃
Wu Shanghai 吃
Shanghai (Chongming) 吃
Suzhou 吃
Hangzhou 吃
Wenzhou 吃
Jinhua 吃
Xiang Changsha 吃
Loudi 吃
Shuangfeng 吃

Etymology 5

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trad. 唵
simp. # 唵

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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唵

  1. Used in compounds.

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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唵

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. syllable

Readings

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(Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)

  • Go-on: おん (on)←おん (on, historical)←おむ (omu, ancient)
  • Kan-on: あん (an)←あん (an, historical)←あむ (amu, ancient)
  • Kun: ふくむ (fukumu, 唵む)

Etymology

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Kanji in this term
唵
おん
Hyōgai
on'yomi

*/om/ → /omu/ → /oɴ/

From Middle Chinese 唵 (ʔʌmX), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit ॐ (oṃ).[1][2][3][4]

The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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唵(おん) or 唵(オン) • (on) 

  1. (Buddhism) om, aum
    Synonym: オーム (ōmu)

Interjection

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唵(おん) or 唵(オン) • (on) 

  1. (Buddhism) om, aum
    Synonym: オーム (ōmu)

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ “唵”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ “唵”, in 改訂新版 世界大百科事典 (Kaitei Shinpan Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Revised Edition”)‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2007, →ISBN
  4. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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唵 • (am, om) (hangeul 암, 옴, revised am, om, McCune–Reischauer am, om)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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唵: Hán Nôm readings: án, úm, ướm, ngàn, ngạn

  1. (Buddhism) om; aum

References

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