千古

Chinese

		thousand	ancient; old
simp. and trad. (千古)		千	古

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiāngǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ ㄍㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cin¹ gu²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhiên-kú

  (Hailu, HRS): cien^ˋ gu^ˊ

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhian-kó͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): coin¹ gou²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiāngǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ ㄍㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciangǔ
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien¹-ku³
    • Yale: chyān-gǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chianguu
    • Palladius: цяньгу (cjanʹgu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cin¹ gu²
    • Yale: chīn gú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsin¹ gu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: qin¹ gu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ kuː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiên-kú
    • Hakka Romanization System: qien^ˊ gu^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: qian¹ gu³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯en²⁴ ku³¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: cien^ˋ gu^ˊ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰien⁵³ ku²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhian-kó͘
    • Tâi-lô: tshian-kóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chienkor
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn³³ kɔ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: coin¹ gou²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshoiⁿ kóu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰõĩ³³⁻²³ kou⁵²/

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• Middle Chinese: tshen kuX

Rime
Character	千	古
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	I
Fanqie	蒼先切	公戸切
Baxter	tshen	kuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰen/	/kuoX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰen/	/kuoX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛn/	/koX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛn/	/kɔX/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰen/	/koX/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰien/	/kuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰien/	/kuoX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiān	gǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cin1	gu2

Noun

千古

1. (through) the ages; (for) all time; eternity

   千古不易  ―  qiāngǔ bùyì  ―  everlasting

   • 追芳昔娛，神遊千古，故亦一時之盛事。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     追芳昔娱，神游千古，故亦一时之盛事。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: Li Daoyuan, Commentary on the Water Classic, 386-534 CE

     Zhuīfāng xī yú, shényóu qiāngǔ, gù yì yīshí zhī shèngshì. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Derived terms

• 一失足成千古恨 (yī shīzú chéng qiāngǔ hèn)
• 千古事
• 千古傳誦 / 千古传诵
• 千古未聞 / 千古未闻
• 千古流傳 / 千古流传
• 千古獨步 / 千古独步
• 千古絕唱 / 千古绝唱 (qiāngǔjuéchàng)
• 千古罪人 (qiāngǔzuìrén)
• 獨立千古 / 独立千古
• 彪炳千古 (biāobǐngqiāngǔ)
• 貽笑千古 / 贻笑千古
• 遺恨千古 / 遗恨千古
• 風流千古 / 风流千古

 

Verb

千古

1. (intransitive, euphemistic, used in an elegiac couplet or on wreaths dedicated to the dead) to rest in peace