徹

See also: 彻

徹 U+5FB9, 徹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FB9 ← 徸 [U+5FB8] CJK Unified Ideographs 徺 → [U+5FBA]

Translingual

Han character

徹 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+11 in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 彳+12 in Chinese (mainland China, Hong Kong), Japanese and Korean, 14 strokes in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 15 strokes in mainland China and Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 竹人卜月大 (HOYBK), four-corner 2824₀, composition ⿲彳育攵 or ⿰彳𰕎)

Derived characters

• 𤁲, 𣰪, 𨇂, 𠖢, 𡫠, 勶
• 撤, 轍

Related characters

• 微 徵 (徴)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 371, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10245
• Dae Jaweon: page 698, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 844, character 7
• Unihan data for U+5FB9

Chinese

trad.		徹
simp.		彻*
alternative forms		澈 撤

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (徹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
徹	*tʰed
撤	*tʰed, *ded
澈	*ded
轍	*ded

Oracle bone inscriptions: Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 鬲 (“pot”) + 又 (“hand”) – a hand removing utensils after eating. Bronze inscriptions replaced 又 with 攵 to emphasize action.

In seal script 彳 was added to further emphasize action, and what was originally a pot had corrupted into the unrelated 育.

Etymology

The r-causative of 逝 (OC *ɦljeds) (Schuessler, 2007).

Cognate with 撤 (OC *tʰed, *ded, “to take away”), 滯 (OC *dads, “to discard; to leave over; to accumulate”) and perhaps 適 (OC *tjeɡ, “to go”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chè (che⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cit³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chha̍t
• Jin (Wiktionary): cah⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thiat / theh

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tiêg⁴ / tiag⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chè
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chè
    • Wade–Giles: chʻê⁴
    • Yale: chè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheh
    • Palladius: чэ (čɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cit³
    • Yale: chit
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsit⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: qid³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːt̚³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chha̍t
    • Hakka Romanization System: cad
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cad⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰat̚⁵/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: cah⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰaʔ²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiat / theh
    • Tâi-lô: thiat / theh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tiad, teq
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiɛt̚³²/, /tʰeʔ³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɛt̚⁵/, /tʰeʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiɛt̚³²/, /tʰeʔ³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰiɛt̚³²/, /tʰeʔ³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɛt̚³²/, /tʰeʔ³²/

Note:

• thiat - literary;
• theh - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: tiêg⁴ / tiag⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiek / thiak
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiek̚²/, /tʰiak̚²/

Note:

• tiêg4 - Chaozhou;
• tiag4 - Shantou.

---

• Middle Chinese: drjet, trhjet

Rime
Character	徹	徹
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	薛 (83)	薛 (83)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	直列切	丑列切
Baxter	drjet	trhjet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠiᴇt̚/	/ʈʰˠiᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚiɛt̚/	/ʈʰᵚiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiæt̚/	/ȶʰiæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖiat̚/	/ʈʰiat̚/
Li Rong	/ȡjɛt̚/	/ȶʰjɛt̚/
Wang Li	/ȡĭɛt̚/	/ȶʰĭɛt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯ɛt̚/	/ȶʰi̯ɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhé	che
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zit6	cit3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-[tʰ]ret/, /*m-tʰret/, /*tʰret/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰed/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	徹	徹	徹	徹
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chè	chè	chè	chè
Middle Chinese	‹ drjet ›	‹ drjet ›	‹ trhjet ›	‹ trhjet ›
Old Chinese	/*m-[tʰ]ret/	/*m-tʰret/	/*tʰret/	/*tʰret/
English	penetrate	divide land acc. to a certain share system	divide land acc. to a certain share system	penetrate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	徹
Reading #	1/1
No.	1319
Phonetic component	徹
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	屮
Old Chinese	/*tʰed/

Definitions

徹

1. to penetrate; to pierce; to pervade
2. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 徹 (MC trhjet)
3. Alternative form of 澈 (chè, “clear”)
4. Alternative form of 撤 (chè, “to remove”)

Compounds

• 不徹頭 / 不彻头
• 侵徹力 / 侵彻力
• 劉徹 / 刘彻
• 大徹大悟 / 大彻大悟 (dàchèdàwù)
• 徹上徹下 / 彻上彻下
• 徹侯 / 彻侯
• 徹夜 / 彻夜 (chèyè)
• 徹底 / 彻底 (chèdǐ)
• 徹悟 / 彻悟 (chèwù)
• 徹懸 / 彻悬
• 徹查 / 彻查 (chèchá)
• 徹耳 / 彻耳
• 徹裡徹外 / 彻里彻外
• 徹頭徹尾 / 彻头彻尾 (chètóuchèwěi)
• 徹饌 / 彻馔
• 徹首徹尾 / 彻首彻尾
• 徹骨 / 彻骨 (chègǔ)
• 明徹 / 明彻
• 曼徹斯特 / 曼彻斯特 (Mànchèsītè)
• 有司徹 / 有司彻
• 洞徹 / 洞彻
• 漫天徹地 / 漫天彻地
• 為人為徹 / 为人为彻
• 痛徹心腑 / 痛彻心腑
• 痛楚徹骨 / 痛楚彻骨
• 聲徹雲霄 / 声彻云霄
• 說徹 / 说彻
• 謊徹梢虛 / 谎彻梢虚
• 貫徹 / 贯彻 (guànchè)
• 貫徹始終 / 贯彻始终 (guànchèshǐzhōng)
• 通天徹地 / 通天彻地
• 通徹 / 通彻 (tōngchè)
• 連更徹夜 / 连更彻夜
• 響徹雲漢 / 响彻云汉
• 響徹雲際 / 响彻云际
• 響徹雲霄 / 响彻云霄 (xiǎngchèyúnxiāo)

 

Japanese

Kanji

徹

(Jōyō kanji)

1. penetrate

Readings

• Go-on: てち (techi)
• Kan-on: てつ (tetsu, Jōyō)
• Kun: とおる (tōru, 徹る)

Compounds

• 徹(てっ)する (tessuru)
• 徹底(てってい) (tettei)
• 徹夜(てつや) (tetsuya)
• 貫徹(かんてつ) (kantetsu)
• 透徹(とうてつ) (tōtetsu)

Proper noun

徹(あきら) or 徹(とおる) • (Akira or Tōru) 

1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

徹 (eum 철 (cheol))

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Vietnamese

Han character

徹: Hán Nôm readings: triệt, trẹt, trê, trệt, trịt, trít, xẹt

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.