澈

澈	U+6F88, 澈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F88

Translingual

Han character

澈 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 水卜月大 (EYBK), four-corner 3814₀, composition ⿰氵⿰育攵)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 651, character 29
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18319
Dae Jaweon: page 1062, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1747, character 4
Unihan data for U+6F88

Chinese

trad.		澈
simp. ^#		澈
2nd round simp.		彻
alternative forms		徹裼 Hokkien

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (徹) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
徹	*tʰed
撤	tʰed, ded
澈	*ded
轍	*ded

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ded) : semantic 水 (“water”) + abbreviated phonetic 徹 (OC *tʰed)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chè (che⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cit³
Northern Min (KCR): chă̤
Eastern Min (BUC): táh / tiék
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): theh / thiat / tia̍t

(Teochew, Peng'im): tiêg⁴ / tiag⁴

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): te⁷ / qieg⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chè
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chè
  - Wade–Giles: chʻê⁴
  - Yale: chè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheh
  - Palladius: чэ (čɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: cit³
  - Yale: chit
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsit⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: qid³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːt̚³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chă̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛ²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: táh / tiék
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʔ²⁴/, /tʰiɛʔ²⁴/

Note:

táh - vernacular;
tiék - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: theh
  - Tâi-lô: theh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: teq
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰeʔ⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰeʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiat
  - Tâi-lô: thiat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tiad
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɛt̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰiɛt̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tia̍t
  - Tâi-lô: tia̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diat
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɛt̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɛt̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɛt̚²⁴/

Note:

theh - vernacular (“clean”);
thiat/tia̍t - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: tiêg⁴ / tiag⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiek / thiak
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiek̚²/, /tʰiak̚²/

Note:

tiêg4 - Chaozhou;
tiag4 - Shantou.

(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: te⁷ / qieg⁴
- Sinological IPA: /tʰɛ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰiek̚⁵/

Note:

te7 - vernacular;
qieg4 - literary.

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 澈
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵³/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂʰə²¹/
	Qingdao	/tʃʰə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩ɛ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ²⁴/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂʰɛ²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂʰə¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰə⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡sʰe³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡sʰɛ²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂʰə³¹/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂʰəʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂʰɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sʰəʔ²/
	Pingyao
	Hohhot	/t͡sʰaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/d͡ʑi²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰieʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡sʰa⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/ʈ͡ʂʰə²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ʈ͡ʂʰæ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰɛʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰit̚³/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰit̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰit̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/tʰik̚⁵/ /tʰeʔ⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tʰɑʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡sʰɛ²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/tʰiak̚²/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/sek̚⁵/ /hɛ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: drjet

Rime
Character	澈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	薛 (83)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	直列切
Baxter	drjet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠiᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖiat̚/
Li Rong	/ȡjɛt̚/
Wang Li	/ȡĭɛt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯ɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhé
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zit⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ret/

(Zhengzhang): /*ded/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	澈
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chè
Middle Chinese	‹ drjet ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]ret/
English	clear, limpid
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	澈
Reading #	1/1
No.	1322
Phonetic component	徹
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	轍
Old Chinese	/*ded/
Notes	見毛詩傳

Definitions

澈

(of liquid) clear; limpid
^† Alternative form of 徹 / 彻 (chè, “thorough”)
(Eastern Min, Leizhou Min, Hainanese, Hokkien) clean

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 乾淨 (“clean; not dirty”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		乾淨, 清潔, 潔淨
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	乾淨
	Taiwan	乾淨
	Malaysia	乾淨
	Singapore	乾淨
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	乾淨
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	乾淨
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	乾淨
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	乾淨, 寧馨
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	乾淨, 清爽
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	乾淨, 清亮
Cantonese	Guangzhou	乾淨
	Hong Kong	乾淨
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	伶俐
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	伶俐
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	乾淨
	Taishan	乾淨, 虔誠
	Yangjiang	淨, 伶俐
	Singapore (Guangfu)	乾淨
Gan	Nanchang	乾淨
Hakka	Meixian	淨, 伶俐
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	淨俐, 伶俐
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	淨俐, 伶俐
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	淨俐, 伶俐
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	淨俐, 伶俐
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	淨俐, 伶俐
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	淨俐, 伶俐
	Hong Kong	伶俐
Jin	Taiyuan	乾淨
Northern Min	Jian'ou	伶俐
Northern Min	Jianyang	伶俐
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	澈潔, 澈
	Fuzhou (Changle)	澈
	Fuqing	澈潔
	Yongtai	澈潔
	Gutian	澈潔
	Pingnan	澈
	Fu'an	清氣
	Ningde	澈, 澈潔
	Xiapu	澈潔
	Zherong	澈潔
	Shouning	澈潔
	Zhouning	澈, 澈潔, 清氣
	Fuding	清氣
	Matsu	澈潔, 清氣
Southern Min	Xiamen	清氣
	Quanzhou	清氣
	Jinjiang	清氣
	Yongchun	清氣
	Zhangzhou	清氣
	Zhao'an	清氣
	Taipei	清氣
	Taipei (Wanhua)	清氣
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	清氣
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	清氣
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	清氣
	Kaohsiung	清氣
	Yilan	清氣
	Changhua (Lukang)	清氣
	Taichung	清氣
	Taichung (Wuqi)	清氣
	Tainan	清氣
	Taitung	清氣
	Hsinchu	清氣
	Kinmen	清氣
	Penghu (Magong)	清氣
	Penang (Hokkien)	清氣
	Singapore (Hokkien)	清氣
	Manila (Hokkien)	清氣
	Longyan	清氣
	Datian	清氣
	Chaozhou	清氣
	Shantou	清氣
	Shantou (Chenghai)	清氣
	Jieyang	清氣
	Haifeng	清氣
	Singapore (Teochew)	清氣
	Leizhou	澈, 澈潔
	Haikou	澈, 澈潔
	Qionghai	澈氣
	Singapore (Hainanese)	澈
Puxian Min	Putian	澈, 澈潔, 清氣, 清靠
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	澈, 清靠
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	澈潔, 清氣
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	澈, 澈潔, 清靠
	Xianyou	澈潔, 清氣, 清靠
	Xianyou (Fengting)	澈潔, 清靠, 清氣
	Xianyou (Youyang)	澈潔, 清氣, 清靠
Central Min	Yong'an	清氣
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	清氣
	Sanming (Shaxian)	伶俐
Shaojiang Min	Shaowu	伶俐
Wu	Shanghai	清爽
	Suzhou	清爽, 乾淨
	Wenzhou	了滯, 清水, 光生
Xiang	Changsha	乾淨
Xiang	Shuangfeng	乾淨, 料俏

Compounds

大澈大悟
明澈 (míngchè)
洞澈
清澈 (qīngchè)
澈底 (chèdǐ)
澈悟 (chèwù)
澈查
澈澈 (Hokkien)
澄澈 (chéngchè)
痛澈心脾
痛澈骨髓
白澈 (Hokkien)
褪澈澈 (Hokkien)
褪破澈 (Hokkien)
褪腹澈 (Hokkien)
透澈 (tòuchè)

Japanese

Kanji

澈

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: でち (dechi)
Kan-on: てつ (tetsu)
Kun: きよい (kiyoi, 澈い)
Nanori: きよし (kiyoshi)、とおる (tōru)

Korean

Hanja

澈 (eumhun 물 맑을 철 (mul malgeul cheol))

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Vietnamese

Han character

澈: Hán Nôm readings: triệt

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