絆

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See also: 绊
絆 U+7D46, 絆
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D46
← 絅
[U+7D45] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 絇 →
[U+7D47]

Translingual

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Han character

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絆 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女火火手 (VFFQ), four-corner 29950, composition ⿰糹半)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 921, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27376
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1354, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3386, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7D46

Chinese

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trad. 絆
simp. 绊

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (半) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
半 *paːns
絆 *paːns
靽 *paːns
姅 *paːns, *pʰaːns
拌 *pʰaːn, *baːnʔ
拚 *pʰaːn, *brons, *pʰaːn, *puns
坢 *pʰaːnʔ
判 *pʰaːns
泮 *pʰaːns
頖 *pʰaːns
胖 *pʰaːns
冸 *pʰaːns
牉 *pʰaːns
柈 *baːn
伴 *baːnʔ, *baːns
叛 *baːns
畔 *baːns
袢 *ban

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːns) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 半 (OC *paːns).

Pronunciation

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Note: 5pe (Suzhounese) - as in 絆一跤.
Rime
Character 絆
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 博慢切
Baxter panH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/puɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʷɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/puɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pwanH/
Li
Rong 		/puɑnH/
Wang
Li 		/puɑnH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/puɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bun3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 絆
Reading # 1/1
No. 244
Phonetic
component 		半
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		半
Old
Chinese 		/*paːns/

Definitions

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絆

  1. † fetter; shackle
  2. † to fetter; to shackle
  3. to trip; to stumble
    絆手絆腳／绊手绊脚  ―  bànshǒubànjiǎo  ―  to be in the way; to be a hindrance
    他被樹根絆了一下。 [MSC, trad.]
    他被树根绊了一下。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā bèi shùgēn bàn le yīxià. [Pinyin]
    He stumbled over the root of a tree.
    差點兒絆了我一跤。 [MSC, trad.]
    差点儿绊了我一跤。 [MSC, simp.]
    Chàdiǎnr bàn le wǒ yī jiāo. [Pinyin]
    I tripped and almost fell.
  4. to hinder; to restrain
    別讓日常事務把你絆住了。 [MSC, trad.]
    别让日常事务把你绊住了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Bié ràng rìcháng shìwù bǎ nǐ bànzhù le. [Pinyin]
    Don't get yourself bogged down in routine work.
  5. † (figuratively) trap
  6. (Eastern Min) to be annoying
    者儂野絆 [Eastern Min, trad.]
    者侬野绊 [Eastern Min, simp.]
    ciā nè̤ng iā buáng / [t͡sia³³ nˡøyŋ⁵³ ia³³ puɑŋ²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
    This person is really annoying

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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絆

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. ties, bonds
  2. fetters

Readings

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Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology 1

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
絆 (kizuna): bond between people between family or relationship.
Kanji in this term
絆
きずな
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

/kiduna/ → /kid͡zuna/ → /kizuna/

Likely from Old Japanese, first attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE).

The final -zuna is definitely from 綱 (tsuna, “rope”), while the initial ki- remains uncertain.

The more positive connotation of "bond" is attested in The Tale of the Heike (c. 1330).

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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絆(きずな) or 絆(キズナ) • (kizuna) ←きづな (kiduna)?

  1. a bond (emotional link or connection), tie
    • 1985 August 20, Taeko Watanabe, “第(だい)四十六話(わ)　時(とき)の絆(きずな)　Ⅲ [Chapter 46: The Bond of Time Ⅲ]”, in ファミリー！ [Family!], volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 183:
      ７年(ねん)後(ご)　キムは16になる　ハービィが望(のぞ)んだように　父(ちち)と娘(むすめ)の絆(きずな)はその時(じ)間(かん)によって清(せい)算(さん)されるのだろうか　そして　その後(のち)　新(あら)たにはじまる時(とき)は　ふたりの間(あいだ)にどんな絆(きずな)を育(はぐく)むのだろう
      Nana-nen go Kimu wa jūroku ni naru Hābyi ga nozonda yō ni chichi to musume no kizuna wa sono jikan ni yotte seisan sareru no darō ka Soshite sono nochi arata ni hajimaru toki wa futari no aida ni donna kizuna o hagukumu no darō
      7 years later, Kim turned 16. The bond between father and daughter faded away with time, just as Harvey had hoped. But then, as time went on, something else also started to blossom in both of them. A different bond.
  2. a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away; a fetter
Proverbs
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Proper noun

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絆(きずな) • (Kizuna) ←きづな (Kiduna)?

  1. a female given name

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
絆
ほだし
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
絆し

/podasi/ → /fodaɕi/ → /hodaɕi/

From Old Japanese.

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 絆す (hodasu, “to tie something up, such as a horse, as not to get away”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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絆(ほだし) • (hodashi) 

  1. what binds human mind and behavior from freedom; an obstacle to freedom (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
  2. a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away
  3. fetters, shackles
    Alternative form: ほだ (hoda)

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
絆
ふもだし
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

⟨pumi1 podasi⟩ → /pumodasi/ → /fumodaɕi/

Compound of 踏み (fumi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 踏む (fumu, “to step, tread”) + 絆 (hodashi, “rope to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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絆(ふもだし) • (fumodashi) 

  1. a rope used to bind a horse's foot, as not to get away; a fetter

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 絆 (MC panH).

Hanja

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絆 (eumhun 얽어맬 반 (eolgeomael ban))

  1. hanja form? of 반 (“bond”)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Chữ Hán

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絆: Hán Nôm readings: bận

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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