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U+5915, 夕
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5915

[U+5914]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5916]
U+2F23, ⼣
KANGXI RADICAL EVENING

[U+2F22]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F24]

Translingual

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Stroke order
3 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 36, +0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 弓戈 (NI), four-corner 27200, composition 𠂊)

  1. Kangxi radical #36, .

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 246, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5749
  • Dae Jaweon: page 487, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 859, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5915

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) — moon crescent. Compare to its ancient variant .

Etymology 1

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Related to (OC *ljaːɡ, “evening tide”).

Schuessler (2007) suggests it is from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-r(j)ak (day; full day; to spend the night); cognate with Tibetan ཞག (zhag, day (24 hours)), Mizo riak (to pass the night), Jingpho [script needed] (jaʔ⁵⁵, day (24 hours)), Burmese ရက် (rak, day (24 hours)), Lahu (night; to pass the night); may also be cognate with 宿 (OC *suɡs, *suɡ, “to spend the night”) and (OC *sjaːɡ, “former times”). It is noted that in the oracle bone script, the 24 hour day started and ended some time in the evening or night. Since (, “sun”) has acquired the meaning of "day (24 hours)", was then restricted to the time of the day's end.

On the other hand, STEDT suggests (OC *ljaːɡ, “evening; night”) was derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ja-n (night), from which (OC *laːɡs, “night”) was also derived. However, was also compared to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-r(j)ak (day; full day; to spend the night). Schuessler (2007) assigns Chinese () to *ja (night) instead, and notes *ja (night) and *ryak (day (24 hours)) were kept strictly separate in Tibeto-Burman.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • si̍t/se̍k - literary;
  • sia̍h/siā - vernacular.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (17)
Final () (123)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter zjek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ziᴇk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ziɛk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ziæk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ziajk̚/
Li
Rong
/ziɛk̚/
Wang
Li
/zĭɛk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/zi̯ɛk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zik6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ zjek ›
Old
Chinese
/*s-ɢAk/
English evening, night

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 13227
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ljaːɡ/

Definitions

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  1. night; evening; dusk
Synonyms
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Compounds

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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“a vault or recess in a sepulchre meant to store a coffin”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“moon; moon-shaped; round like a moon; etc.”).
(This character is an ancient form of ).

Etymology 4

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“bright; light; brilliant; clear; limpid; etc.”).
(This character is an ancient form of ).

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(First grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. evening

Readings

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
ゆう
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *yupu.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(ゆう) (ゆふ (yufu)?

  1. evening

Derived terms

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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese (MC zjek).

Recorded as Middle Korean 쎡〮 (Yale: ssyek) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Recorded as Middle Korean 셕〮 (syék) (Yale: syek) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 저녁 (jeonyeok seok))

  1. hanja form? of (evening)

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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Hanja

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(eumhun 움큼 (han umkeum sa))

  1. hanja form? of (A unit of capacity: one tenth of a (, hap), same as (, jak))

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Okinawan

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Kanji

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(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Cognate with Japanese ().

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(ゆー) (

  1. night, evening

Derived terms

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: tịch

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.