鴨
See also: 鸭
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]鴨 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+5, 16 strokes, cangjie input 田中竹日火 (WLHAF), four-corner 67527, composition ⿰甲鳥)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1487, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46823
- Dae Jaweon: page 2018, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4623, character 7
- Unihan data for U+9D28
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 鴨 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 鸭 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qraːb) : phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).
Etymology
[edit]Shuowen commented that 鴨 is the colloquial name for 鶩 (OC *moɡs, *moːɡ, “duck”). Probably onomatopoeic in origin. Compare Proto-Tani *ǰap (“duck”).
Another word meaning "duck" in Old Chinese is 鴄 (OC *pʰid), a substrate loanword, possibly from Tai-Kadai or Austroasiatic.
- “male prostitute”
- By analogy with 雞／鸡 (jī, “female prostitute”, literally “chicken”). First used in 1991 film 《雞鴨戀》. (Zhang, 2018)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ya2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): ngat6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): iah4
- Northern Min (KCR): ă
- Eastern Min (BUC): ák
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): or5 / ah6 / a5
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7aq / 7aeq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ia6 / nga6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ya
- Wade–Giles: ya1
- Yale: yā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ia
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ya2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ia
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aap3 / aap3-2
- Yale: aap / áap
- Cantonese Pinyin: aap8 / aap8-2
- Guangdong Romanization: ab3 / ab3-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /aːp̚³/, /aːp̚³⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ap1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ap̚³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: ngat6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋat̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ap
- Hakka Romanization System: abˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ab5
- Sinological IPA: /ap̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: iah4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /iaʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ă
- Sinological IPA (key): /a²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ák
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɑʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: or5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɒ²¹/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ah6
- Sinological IPA (key): /aʔ¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ah6
- Sinological IPA (key): /aʔ²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: a5
- Sinological IPA (key): /a²¹/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Yongchun, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ah
- Tâi-lô: ah
- Phofsit Daibuun: aq
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Yongchun, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /aʔ³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /aʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Yongchun, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
Note:
- ah - vernacular;
- ap - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: 'aep
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*qraːb/
Definitions
[edit]鴨
- duck (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
- 北京烤鴨／北京烤鸭 ― Běijīng kǎoyā ― Peking duck
- (slang) male prostitute (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
- (Mainland China Mandarin, neologism, slang) Eye dialect spelling of 呀 (ya, “sentence-final particle”). [since 2018]
Synonyms
[edit]| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 男妓, 妓男, 男娼 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 老泡兒, 兔兒爺, 妞兒夾子 |
| Taiwan | 男妓, 牛郎, 鴨 | |
| Malaysia | 鴨 | |
| Singapore | 鴨 | |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 崽娃子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 㚻子, 鴨子, 兔兒, 吃相飯的, 吃相公飯的 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 契弟 |
| Hong Kong | 男妓, 鴨 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 鴨 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 鴨 | |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 桃脯 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 契弟, 阿倌 |
| Taipei | 龜精 GT, 鹿仔 GT | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 鴨, 阿倌 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 屁精, 兔子 |
| Suzhou | 相公 | |
| Jinhua | 雄婊子 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 幺它 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | |
Compounds
[edit]- 刀鴨 / 刀鸭
- 北京烤鴨 / 北京烤鸭 (Běijīng kǎoyā)
- 北京鴨 / 北京鸭 (běijīngyā)
- 叫鴨 / 叫鸭 (jiàoyā)
- 吃鴨蛋 / 吃鸭蛋 (chī yādàn)
- 唐老鴨 / 唐老鸭 (Tánglǎoyā)
- 嘉積鴨 / 嘉积鸭 (jiājīyā)
- 土番鴨 / 土番鸭
- 土鴨 / 土鸭
- 填鴨 / 填鸭 (tiányā)
- 填鴨式 / 填鸭式
- 子鴨 / 子鸭
- 宰肥鴨 / 宰肥鸭
- 家鴨 / 家鸭 (jiāyā)
- 寶鴨 / 宝鸭
- 射鴨 / 射鸭
- 打鴨驚鴛 / 打鸭惊鸳
- 拿鴨子 / 拿鸭子
- 撒鴨子 / 撒鸭子
- 放水鴨 / 放水鸭
- 旱鴨子 / 旱鸭子 (hànyāzi)
- 板鴨 / 板鸭 (bǎnyā)
- 桃弓射鴨 / 桃弓射鸭
- 正番鴨 / 正番鸭 (zhèngfānyā)
- 水鴨 / 水鸭 (shuǐyā)
- 溪鴨 / 溪鸭
- 潛鴨 / 潜鸭 (qiányā)
- 烤鴨 / 烤鸭 (kǎoyā)
- 燒鴨 / 烧鸭 (shāoyā)
- 燒鴨子 / 烧鸭子
- 玉鴨 / 玉鸭
- 琱鴨 / 雕鸭
- 瑞鴨 / 瑞鸭
- 瑤鴨 / 瑶鸭
- 番鴨 / 番鸭 (fānyā)
- 睡鴨 / 睡鸭
- 筍鴨 / 笋鸭
- 綠頭鴨 / 绿头鸭 (lǜtóuyā)
- 緑頭鴨 / 绿头鸭
- 綠鴨 / 绿鸭
- 能言鴨 / 能言鸭
- 腳鴨 / 脚鸭
- 腳鴨子 / 脚鸭子
- 臘鴨 / 腊鸭 (làyā)
- 菜鴨 / 菜鸭
- 薑母鴨 / 姜母鸭 (jiāngmǔyā)
- 醜小鴨 / 丑小鸭 (chǒuxiǎoyā)
- 醬鴨 / 酱鸭 (jiàngyā)
- 野鴨 / 野鸭 (yěyā)
- 金鴨 / 金鸭
- 銅鴨 / 铜鸭
- 銀鴨 / 银鸭
- 雁鴨科 / 雁鸭科
- 雞同鴨講 / 鸡同鸭讲 (jītóngyājiǎng)
- 青鴨 / 青鸭
- 香鴨 / 香鸭
- 鬥鴨 / 斗鸭
- 鳧鴨 / 凫鸭
- 鴨丁 / 鸭丁
- 鴨信 / 鸭信
- 鴨兒 / 鸭儿
- 鴨兒廣 / 鸭儿广
- 鴨兒廣梨 / 鸭儿广梨
- 鴨兒梨 / 鸭儿梨
- 鴨兒芹 / 鸭儿芹
- 鴨卵 / 鸭卵 (yāluǎn)
- 鴨嘴帽 / 鸭嘴帽
- 鴨嘴棍 / 鸭嘴棍
- 鴨嘴獸 / 鸭嘴兽 (yāzuǐshòu)
- 鴨嘴獺 / 鸭嘴獭
- 鴨嘴筆 / 鸭嘴笔 (yāzuǐbǐ)
- 鴨嘴船 / 鸭嘴船
- 鴨嘴龍 / 鸭嘴龙 (yāzuǐlóng)
- 鴨堰橋 / 鸭堰桥 (Yāyànqiáo)
- 鴨子 / 鸭子
- 鴨子上架 / 鸭子上架
- 鴨子兒 / 鸭子儿
- 鴨子湖 / 鸭子湖 (Yāzihú)
- 鴨子聽雷 / 鸭子听雷
- 鴨子腿 / 鸭子腿
- 鴨子陂 / 鸭子陂
- 鴨屁股 / 鸭屁股
- 鴨屎臭 / 鸭屎臭
- 鴨式帽 / 鸭式帽
- 鴨心 / 鸭心
- 鴨掌 / 鸭掌 (yāzhǎng)
- 鴨桃 / 鸭桃
- 鴨條 / 鸭条
- 鴨步 / 鸭步
- 鴨步鵝行 / 鸭步鹅行
- 鴨母 / 鸭母
- 鴨母船 / 鸭母船
- 鴨淥 / 鸭渌
- 鴨淥水 / 鸭渌水
- 鴨淥江 / 鸭渌江
- 鴨爐 / 鸭炉
- 鴨爪稗 / 鸭爪稗
- 鴨瘟 / 鸭瘟
- 鴨矢 / 鸭矢
- 鴨票 / 鸭票
- 鴨絨 / 鸭绒
- 鴨綠 / 鸭绿 (Yālù)
- 鴨綠水 / 鸭绿水 (Yālùshuǐ)
- 鴨綠江 / 鸭绿江 (Yālù Jiāng)
- 鴨罏 / 鸭𬙎
- 鴨羹 / 鸭羹
- 鴨腳 / 鸭脚 (yājiǎo)
- 鴨腳子 / 鸭脚子
- 鴨腳羹 / 鸭脚羹
- 鴨腳葵 / 鸭脚葵
- 鴨臛 / 鸭臛
- 鴨舌 / 鸭舌 (yāshé)
- 鴨舌帽 / 鸭舌帽 (yāshémào)
- 鴨舌草 / 鸭舌草
- 鴨艄 / 鸭艄
- 鴨茅 / 鸭茅 (yāmáo)
- 鴨蛋 / 鸭蛋 (yādàn)
- 鴨蛋圓 / 鸭蛋圆
- 鴨蛋粉 / 鸭蛋粉
- 鴨蛋臉 / 鸭蛋脸
- 鴨蛋臉兒 / 鸭蛋脸儿
- 鴨蛋青 / 鸭蛋青
- 鴨蜑 / 鸭蜑
- 鴨跖草 / 鸭跖草 (yāzhícǎo)
- 鴨通 / 鸭通
- 鴨陣 / 鸭阵
- 鴨雛 / 鸭雏
- 鴨霸 / 鸭霸 (yābà)
- 鴨青鈔 / 鸭青钞
- 鴨頭 / 鸭头 (yātóu)
- 鴨頭丸帖 / 鸭头丸帖
- 鴨頭春 / 鸭头春
- 鴨頭波 / 鸭头波
- 鴨頭綠 / 鸭头绿
- 鴨頭舡 / 鸭头舡
- 鴨頭青 / 鸭头青
- 鴨餅 / 鸭饼
- 鴨餛飩 / 鸭馄饨
- 鴨黃 / 鸭黄 (yāhuáng)
- 鴨黃兒 / 鸭黄儿
- 鵝行鴨步 / 鹅行鸭步
- 鵝鴨 / 鹅鸭
- 鵝鴨之爭 / 鹅鸭之争
- 鵝鴨行 / 鹅鸭行
- 鹹鴨卵 / 咸鸭卵 (xiányāluǎn)
- 鹹鴨蛋 / 咸鸭蛋 (xiányādàn)
- 鹽水鴨 / 盐水鸭 (yánshuǐyā)
- 麻鴨 / 麻鸭 (máyā)
- 黃鴨 / 黄鸭
- 墨鴨 / 墨鸭
- 龍枕鴨燈 / 龙枕鸭灯
References
[edit]- “Entry #12123”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]鴨
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: よう (yō)←えふ (efu, historical)
- Kan-on: おう (ō)←あふ (afu, historical)
- Kun: かも (kamo, 鴨)、あひる (ahiru, 鴨)
Etymology 1
[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鴨 |
| かも Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
Unknown. Possibly alteration of Old Japanese 浮かむ (ukamu, “to float”), modern 浮かぶ (ukabu). Alternatively, may derive from Middle Chinese 雁 (MC ngaenH, “a type of wild goose”), borrowed with the kan'on reading gan, with initial g changing to k due to the avoidance of voiced stops at the start of Japanese words in older times, and final n changing to mu due to apparent lack of final n in Old Japanese.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a duck
- (slang) (from the way ducks return to the same place and are thus easy to hunt) a mark or easy target for a swindle, someone who is likely to lose at gambling or other competition
- (slang) (from the good flavor of duck meat) short for 鴨の味 (kamo no aji, “duck flavor”): a very good flavor; by extension, any remarkably good sensation or feeling, particularly describing happy married life
- (slang) (from the uniform of black clothing) short for 黒鴨 (kurogamo, “black duck”): a male servant, such as a butler or chauffeur (compare English penguin)
Usage notes
[edit]As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カモ.
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
See also
[edit]- 家鴨, 鶩 (ahiru): a domestic duck
Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鴨 |
| かも Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
Probably from the duck sense above, in reference to the 鴨川 (Kamogawa, literally “duck river”) flowing through Kyoto.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鴨 |
| あひる Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
Rare alternative spelling for 家鴨 (ahiru). See that entry for fuller details.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- (rare) alternative spelling of 家鴨: a domestic duck, Anas platyrhynchos var. domesticus, descended from the mallard
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Middle Vietnamese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Vietic *viːt.
Noun
[edit]鴨 (uịt)
Descendants
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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