特
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]特 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹手土木戈 (HQGDI), four-corner 24541, composition ⿰牛寺)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 700, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20013
- Dae Jaweon: page 1113, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1808, character 11
- Unihan data for U+7279
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 特 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 特 | |
alternative forms | 犆 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *dɯːɡ): semantic 牛 (“ox”) + phonetic 寺 (OC *ljɯs) – large bull.
Etymology
[edit]There seem to be two main semantic fields: "bull" and "single; unique". It is unclear whether these two fields are related. Schuessler (2007) suggests a possible derivation of "bull" from "match", but "bull" seems to be the earlier sense. The "single; unique" sense could be an extension of "bull" due to its largeness (Li Xueqin, 2012).
In the "bull" sense, it is related to 犆 (OC *dɯɡ, “ox”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Wang (1982) relates the "three-year-animal" sense to 犢 (OC *l'oːɡ, “calf”); see there for more.
In the "single" sense, it is related to 直 (OC *dɯɡ, “simply; only”), 職 (OC *tjɯɡ, “simply; only”) (Schuessler, 2007). Wang (1982) relates it to 徒 (OC *l'aː) and 但 (OC *daːnʔ) in the "only" sense, as well as 獨 (OC *doːɡ, “single”) in the "single" sense, but see these entries for more.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tie2 / te2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): tet6 / tet7
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): tah5 / teh5
- Northern Min (KCR): tă̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): dĕk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8deq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): te6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄜˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tè
- Wade–Giles: tʻê4
- Yale: tè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: teh
- Palladius: тэ (tɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɤ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: tie2 / te2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tie / te
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰiɛ²¹/, /tʰɛ²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dak6
- Yale: dahk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dak9
- Guangdong Romanization: deg6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɐk̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ak5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ak̚³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: tet6 / tet7
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɛt̚⁵/, /tʰɛt̚²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thi̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: tid
- Hagfa Pinyim: tid6
- Sinological IPA: /tʰit̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: tah5 / teh5
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰaʔ⁵⁴/, /tʰəʔ⁵⁴/
- (Taiyuan)+
- tah5 - vernacular;
- teh5 - literary.
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tă̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɛ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dĕk
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɛiʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Anxi, Tong'an)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tia̍k
- Tâi-lô: tia̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: diak
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tiak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Nan'an)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: te̍rk
- Tâi-lô: te̍rk
- IPA (Nan'an): /tək̚²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: dêg8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: te̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /tek̚⁴/
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: te6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɤ̞²⁴/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: dok
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ˤək/
- (Zhengzhang): /*dɯːɡ/
Definitions
[edit]特
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) bull; ox
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) cattle
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, of animals, especially bull) male
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) one domestic animal
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) three-year-old animal
- 不狩不獵,胡瞻爾庭有縣特兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Bù shòu bù liè, hú zhān ěr tíng yǒu xuán tè xī. [Pinyin]
- You do not follow the chase;
How do we see those three-year-olds hanging in your court-yards?
不狩不猎,胡瞻尔庭有县特兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary) single; alone; by oneself
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) match; mate; spouse
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to stand tall
- special; unique; distinguished
- (literary) only; just
- 嗟乎!孟嘗君特雞鳴狗盜之雄耳,豈足以言得士? [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: c. mid-11th century, Wang Anshi (王安石), After Reading the Biography of Lord Mengchang(《讀孟嘗君傳》)
- Jiēhū! Mèngchángjūn tè jīmínggǒudào zhī xióng ěr, qǐ zúyǐ yán déshì? [Pinyin]
- Alas! Lord Mengchang was merely the chieftain of those who crowed like cocks and stole like dogs! How could he be said to be capable of attracting scholars to his circle?
嗟乎!孟尝君特鸡鸣狗盗之雄耳,岂足以言得士? [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- specially; intentionally
- (colloquial) especially; outstandingly
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) in vain
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) unexpectedly; yet
- Short for 特務/特务 (tèwù, “special agent; spy”).
- (Mainland China) Short for 特克斯 (tèkèsī, “tex”).
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 丁等特考
- 不特 (bùtè)
- 丙等特考
- 乙等特考
- 亞特拉斯 / 亚特拉斯
- 亞特蘭大 / 亚特兰大 (Yàtèlándà)
- 亨利福特
- 介特
- 伊斯特島 / 伊斯特岛
- 伏特 (fútè)
- 伏特加 (fútèjiā)
- 伏特計 / 伏特计 (fútèjì)
- 佛蒙特州
- 克勒特
- 加伏特
- 努瓦克肖特 (Nǔwǎkèxiàotè)
- 努納武特 / 努纳武特 (Nǔnàwǔtè)
- 勃朗特
- 匹特曼
- 卓特
- 厄魯特族 / 厄鲁特族
- 史特勞斯 / 史特劳斯
- 吐外特 (Tǔwàitè)
- 名特
- 名特優新 / 名特优新
- 吉特巴
- 哈姆雷特
- 土伯特
- 基爾特 / 基尔特 (jī'ěrtè)
- 外交特權 / 外交特权 (wàijiāo tèquán)
- 多來特巴格 / 多来特巴格 (Duōláitè Bāgé)
- 大書特書 / 大书特书 (dàshūtèshū)
- 大特寫 / 大特写
- 大錯特錯 / 大错特错 (dàcuòtècuò)
- 夸特 (kuātè)
- 奇特 (qítè)
- 奧特貝希 / 奥特贝希 (Àotèbèixī)
- 孤特
- 密斯特
- 寶特瓶 / 宝特瓶 (bǎotèpíng)
- 巴勒特
- 巴特那
- 布勒斯特
- 布特哈
- 布萊恩特 / 布莱恩特
- 布萊特 / 布莱特
- 希特勒 (Xītèlè)
- 席特拉灣 / 席特拉湾
- 幽特貝 / 幽特贝
- 底特律 (Dǐtèlǜ)
- 弗雷特 (Fúléitè)
- 強風特報 / 强风特报
- 彭特莫
- 怪特
- 惠特曼
- 拉巴特 (Lābātè)
- 文化特質 / 文化特质
- 斯普特尼克 (sīpǔtèníkè)
- 斯里賈亞瓦德納普拉科特 / 斯里贾亚瓦德纳普拉科特 (Sīlǐ Jiǎyàwǎdénàpǔlā Kētè)
- 曼徹斯特 / 曼彻斯特 (Mànchèsītè)
- 朱比特 (Zhūbǐtè)
- 李斯特 (Lǐsītè)
- 模特兒 / 模特儿
- 沙特 (Shātè)
- 沙達特 / 沙达特
- 波特 (Bōtè)
- 波特萊爾 / 波特莱尔
- 波特酒
- 特事特辦 / 特事特办 (tèshìtèbàn)
- 特令 (tèlìng)
- 特任
- 特使 (tèshǐ)
- 特例 (tèlì)
- 特來 / 特来 (tèlái)
- 特價 / 特价 (tèjià)
- 特價品 / 特价品
- 特優 / 特优
- 特兒 / 特儿
- 特准 (tèzhǔn)
- 特出 (tèchū)
- 特刊 (tèkān)
- 特別 / 特别 (tèbié)
- 特別來賓 / 特别来宾
- 特別刑法 / 特别刑法 (tèbié xíngfǎ)
- 特別助理 / 特别助理
- 特利可得
- 特別報導 / 特别报导
- 特別法 / 特别法
- 特別節目 / 特别节目
- 特別股 / 特别股
- 特別護士 / 特别护士
- 特別費 / 特别费
- 特別賣力 / 特别卖力
- 特別門診 / 特别门诊
- 特務 / 特务 (tèwù)
- 特勤 (tèqín)
- 特化 (tèhuà)
- 特區 / 特区 (tèqū)
- 特古
- 特命 (tèmìng)
- 特哥大
- 特地 (tèdì)
- 特型演員 / 特型演员
- 特報 / 特报
- 特多龍 / 特多龙 (tèduōlóng)
- 特大 (tèdà)
- 特定 (tèdìng)
- 特宥
- 特寫 / 特写 (tèxiě)
- 特寫鏡頭 / 特写镜头
- 特展
- 特工 (tègōng)
- 特強 / 特强
- 特徵 / 特征 (tèzhēng)
- 特性 (tèxìng)
- 特性美
- 特恩
- 特惠 (tèhuì)
- 特惠制度
- 特惠待遇
- 特惠關稅 / 特惠关税
- 特意 (tèyì)
- 特技 (tèjì)
- 特技鏡頭 / 特技镜头
- 特支
- 特攻隊 / 特攻队
- 特故
- 特效 (tèxiào)
- 特效藥 / 特效药 (tèxiàoyào)
- 特教 (tèjiào)
- 特有 (tèyǒu)
- 特權 / 特权 (tèquán)
- 特此 (tècǐ)
- 特殊 (tèshū)
- 特殊兒童 / 特殊儿童
- 特殊因素
- 特殊性 (tèshūxìng)
- 特殊性向
- 特殊才能
- 特殊效果 (tèshū xiàoguǒ)
- 特殊教育 (tèshū jiàoyù)
- 特殊營業 / 特殊营业
- 特派 (tèpài)
- 特洛伊城
- 特派員 / 特派员 (tèpàiyuán)
- 特為 / 特为 (tèwèi)
- 特煞
- 特特
- 特特意意
- 特特為為 / 特特为为
- 特獎 / 特奖
- 特甚 (tèshèn)
- 特產 / 特产 (tèchǎn)
- 特異 / 特异 (tèyì)
- 特異功能 / 特异功能 (tèyì gōngnéng)
- 特稱 / 特称 (tèchēng)
- 特種 / 特种 (tèzhǒng)
- 特種作戰 / 特种作战
- 特種兵 / 特种兵 (tèzhǒngbīng)
- 特種工藝 / 特种工艺 (tèzhǒng gōngyì)
- 特種文書 / 特种文书
- 特種考試 / 特种考试
- 特種部隊 / 特种部队 (tèzhǒng bùduì)
- 特種鋼 / 特种钢
- 特稿 (tègǎo)
- 特立
- 特立獨行 / 特立独行 (tèlìdúxíng)
- 特等 (tèděng)
- 特約 / 特约 (tèyuē)
- 特約商店 / 特约商店
- 特約演員 / 特约演员
- 特級 / 特级 (tèjí)
- 特考
- 特色 (tèsè)
- 特藏
- 特藝彩色 / 特艺彩色
- 特製 / 特制 (tèzhì)
- 特許 / 特许 (tèxǔ)
- 特許行業 / 特许行业
- 特許費 / 特许费
- 特警 (tèjǐng)
- 特貸 / 特贷
- 特質 / 特质 (tèzhì)
- 特賣 / 特卖 (tèmài)
- 特賣活動 / 特卖活动
- 特赦 (tèshè)
- 特赦令
- 特起
- 特輯 / 特辑 (tèjí)
- 特達 / 特达
- 特遣 (tèqiǎn)
- 特選 / 特选
- 特長 / 特长 (tècháng)
- 特餐
- 特骨
- 特體 / 特体
- 特高頻 / 特高频 (tè gāopín)
- 特高頻率 / 特高频率
- 特點 / 特点 (tèdiǎn)
- 獨特 / 独特 (dútè)
- 珪璋特達 / 珪璋特达
- 瑪特廖什卡 / 玛特廖什卡 (mǎtèliàoshíkǎ)
- 瓦特 (wǎtè)
- 瓦特表
- 用特
- 甲等特考
- 異特龍 / 异特龙
- 異軍特起 / 异军特起
- 白壁特
- 福斯特 (Fúsītè)
- 科威特 (Kēwēitè)
- 科威特市
- 經濟特區 / 经济特区 (jīngjì tèqū)
- 舒伯特 (Shūbótè)
- 艾略特
- 英特
- 英特邁往 / 英特迈往
- 莫札特 (Mòzhátè)
- 萊特兄弟 / 莱特兄弟
- 裴特
- 詭特 / 诡特
- 豪雨特報 / 豪雨特报
- 貝特 / 贝特
- 貝開特 / 贝开特
- 貝魯特 / 贝鲁特 (Bèilǔtè)
- 赫斯特 (Hèsītè)
- 邱比特 (Qiūbǐtè)
- 闊什薩特瑪 / 阔什萨特玛 (Kuòshísàtèmǎ)
- 阿斯嘉特 (Āsījiātè)
- 阿爾考特 / 阿尔考特
- 阿特拉斯 (Ātèlāsī)
- 陪士特
- 霍普特曼
- 非特
- 魯特琴 / 鲁特琴 (lǔtèqín)
- 鹿特丹 (Lùtèdān)
Descendants
[edit]- → Bouyei: dag (“male (of animals); classifier for male animals”)
- → Proto-Southwestern Tai: *tʰɤkᴰ (“young male animal”)
- → Proto-Vietic: *dək (“male”)
- Vietnamese: đực (“male (of animal); bull”)
- → Zhuang: daeg (“male (of animals); classifier for young males”)
References
[edit]- “特”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: どく (doku)
- Kan-on: とく (toku, Jōyō)
- Kun: おうし (ōshi, 特)、ひとり (hitori, 特り)、ことに (kotoni, 特に)、ことなる (kotonaru, 特なる)
Compounds
[edit]- 特異 (tokui)
- 特効薬 (tokkōyaku)
- 特撮 (tokusatsu)
- 特殊 (tokushu)
- 特捜 (tokusō)
- 特定 (tokutei)
- 特別 (tokubetsu)
- 特防 (tokubō)
- 特務 (tokumu)
- 独特 (dokutoku)
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 特 (MC dok, “special; male livestock”).
Hanja
[edit]特 (eumhun 특별할 특 (teukbyeolhal teuk))
特 (eumhun 수컷 특 (sukeot teuk))
- (used in compounds) hanja form? of 특 (“special; exceptional”)
- (literary) hanja form? of 특 (“male animal”)
Compounds
[edit]- 기특 (奇特, giteuk)
- 독특 (獨特, dokteuk)
- 영특 (英特, yeongteuk)
- 특가 (特價, teukga)
- 특가법 (特加法, teukgabeop)
- 특간 (特刊, teukgan)
- 특감 (特減, teukgam)
- 특강 (特講, teukgang)
- 특경 (特磬, teukgyeong)
- 특경대 (特警隊, teukgyeongdae)
- 특고 (特高, teukgo)
- 특공 (特功, teukgong)
- 특공대 (特攻隊, teukgongdae)
- 특과 (特科, teukgwa)
- 특교 (特敎, teukgyo)
- 특구 (特區, teukgu)
- 특권 (特權, teukgwon)
- 특근 (特勤, teukgeun)
- 특급 (特急, teukgeup)
- 특급 (特級, teukgeup)
- 특급 (特給, teukgeup)
- 특기 (特技, teukgi)
- 특기 (特記, teukgi)
- 특념 (特念, teungnyeom)
- 특단 (特段, teukdan)
- 특달 (特達, teukdal)
- 특당 (特當, teukdang)
- 특대 (特大, teukdae)
- 특대 (特待, teukdae)
- 특등 (特等, teukdeung)
- 특례 (特例, teungnye)
- 특례법 (特例法, teungnyebeop)
- 특립 (特立, teungnip)
- 특매 (特賣, teungmae)
- 특면 (特免, teungmyeon)
- 특명 (特命, teungmyeong)
- 특목고 (特目高, teungmokgo)
- 특묘 (特廟, teungmyo)
- 특무 (特務, teungmu)
- 특발 (特發, teukbal)
- 특배 (特配, teukbae)
- 특별 (特別, teukbyeol)
- 특보 (特報, teukbo)
- 특사 (特使, teuksa)
- 특사 (特賜, teuksa)
- 특사 (特赦, teuksa)
- 특산 (特産, teuksan)
- 특상 (特上, teuksang)
- 특상 (特賞, teuksang)
- 특색 (特色, teuksaek)
- 특생 (特牲, teuksaeng)
- 특서 (特書, teukseo)
- 특석 (特席, teukseok)
- 특선 (特選, teukseon)
- 특설 (特設, teukseol)
- 특성 (特性, teukseong)
- 특성 (特誠, teukseong)
- 특세 (特勢, teukse)
- 특소 (特小, teukso)
- 특소세 (特消稅, teuksose)
- 특수 (特殊, teuksu)
- 특수 (特秀, teuksu)
- 특수 (特需, teuksu)
- 특시표 (特示標, teuksipyo)
- 특식 (特食, teuksik)
- 특실 (特室, teuksil)
- 특심 (特甚, teuksim)
- 특애 (特愛, teugae)
- 특약 (特約, teugyak)
- 특용 (特用, teugyong)
- 특우 (特遇, teugu)
- 특유 (特有, teugyu)
- 특융 (特融, teugyung)
- 특은 (特恩, teugeun)
- 특이 (特異, teugi)
- 특이질 (特異質, teugijil)
- 특익 (特益, teugik)
- 특임 (特任, teugim)
- 특작 (特作, teukjak)
- 특장 (特長, teukjang)
- 특재 (特才, teukjae)
- 특재 (特載, teukjae)
- 특저 (特箸, teukjeo)
- 특전 (特典, teukjeon)
- 특전 (特電, teukjeon)
- 특점 (特點, teukjeom)
- 특정 (特定, teukjeong)
- 특정물 (特定物, teukjeongmul)
- 특제 (特製, teukje)
- 특제 (特除, teukje)
- 특종 (特種, teukjong)
- 특종 (特鐘, teukjong)
- 특주 (特酒, teukju)
- 특중 (特重, teukjung)
- 특지 (特志, teukji)
- 특지 (特旨, teukji)
- 특진 (特進, teukjin)
- 특질 (特質, teukjil)
- 특집 (特輯, teukjip)
- 특징 (特徵, teukjing)
- 특차 (特差, teukcha)
- 특채 (特採, teukchae)
- 특천 (特薦, teukcheon)
- 특청 (特請, teukcheong)
- 특출 (特出, teukchul)
- 특칭 (特稱, teukching)
- 특파 (特派, teukpa)
- 특파원 (特派員, teukpawon)
- 특품 (特品, teukpum)
- 특필 (特筆, teukpil)
- 특허 (特許, teukheo)
- 특허권 (特許權, teukheogwon)
- 특현 (特懸, teukhyeon)
- 특혜 (特惠, teukhye)
- 특호 (特號, teukho)
- 특화 (特化, teukhwa)
- 특화점 (特火點, teukhwajeom)
- 특활 (特活, teukhwal)
- 특효 (特效, teukhyo)
- 특효약 (特效藥, teukhyoyak)
- 하특 (何特, hateuk)
- 해특 (奚特, haeteuk)
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]特: Hán Nôm readings: đặc, đực, đước, được, sệt
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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