足以

Chinese

		foot; to be sufficient	to use; according to; so as to to use; according to; so as to; in order to; by; with; because; Israel (abbrev.)
trad. (足以)		足	以
simp. #(足以)		足	以

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zúyǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨˊ ㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zuk¹ ji⁵

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chiok-í

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zúyǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˊ ㄧˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zúyǐ
    • Wade–Giles: tsu²-i³
    • Yale: dzú-yǐ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzwuyii
    • Palladius: цзуи (czui)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su³⁵ i²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zuk¹ ji⁵
    • Yale: jūk yíh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk⁷ ji⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: zug¹ yi⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊk̚⁵ jiː¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiok-í
    • Tâi-lô: tsiok-í
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciok'ie
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ i⁵³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔk̚³²⁻⁵ i⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ i⁵⁵⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: tsjowk yiX

Rime
Character	足	以
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	燭 (8)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	即玉切	羊己切
Baxter	tsjowk	yiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɨok̚/	/jɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡siok̚/	/jɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡siok̚/	/ieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡suawk̚/	/jɨX/
Li Rong	/t͡siok̚/	/iəX/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭwok̚/	/jĭəX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡si̯wok̚/	/iX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zu	yǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zuk1	ji5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ok  ləʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsoɡ  lɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	足	以
Reading #	2/3	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zú	yǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsjowk ›	‹ yiX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ok/	/*ləʔ/
English	sufficient	take, use
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	足	以
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	17925	14929
Phonetic component	足	以
Rime group	屋	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	足	以
Old Chinese	/*ʔsoɡ/	/*lɯʔ/

Adverb

足以

1. sufficient to; enough to

   她的黑暗史足以寫出一本書。 [MSC, trad.]
   她的黑暗史足以写出一本书。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā de hēi'ànshǐ zúyǐ xiěchū yī běn shū. [Pinyin]

   Her dark past is enough to write a book.

   • 是心足以王矣。百姓皆以王為愛也，臣固知王之不忍也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     是心足以王矣。百姓皆以王为爱也，臣固知王之不忍也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Shì xīn zúyǐ wàng yǐ. Bǎixìng jiē yǐ wáng wèi ài yě, chén gù zhī wáng zhī bùrěn yě. [Pinyin]

     The heart seen in this is sufficient to carry you to the royal sway. The people all supposed that your Majesty grudged [the animal], but your servant knows surely, that it was your Majesty's not being able to bear the sight [which made you do as you did].