lí

See also: Appendix:Variations of "li"

Hokkien

For pronunciation and definitions of lí – see 你 (“you; your”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 你).

For pronunciation and definitions of lí – see 李 (“plum; a surname”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 李).

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish lí, from Proto-Celtic *līwos. Cognate with Welsh lliw.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l̠ʲiː/

Noun

lí f (genitive singular lí, nominative plural líocha)

1. color, complexion
2. lustre, sheen

   lí gréine ar an ngaineamh ― sun's brightness on the sand

3. coloring-matter, pigment
4. pigmentation

Derived terms

• gréisclí

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• lighe (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /l̠ʲiː/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /l̠ʲiə/
• Homophone: lia (Ulster)

Noun

lí f (genitive singular lí)

1. verbal noun of ligh
2. licking
3. fawning

Verb

lí

1. present subjunctive analytic of ligh

Mandarin

Alternative forms

• li — nonstandard

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Romanization

lí (li², Zhuyin ㄌㄧˊ)

1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 刕
2. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 剓
3. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 剺
4. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 劙
5. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 喱
6. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嚟
7. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 囄
8. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嫠
9. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 孋／㛤
10. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 孷
11. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 廲
12. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 悡
13. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 摙／𫽁
14. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 攡／摛
15. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 斃／毙
16. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 杙
17. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 梨
18. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 梩
19. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 梸
20. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 棃
21. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 樆
22. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 氂／牦
23. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 漓
24. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 漦
25. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 灍／𫞝
26. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 灕／漓
27. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 牥
28. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 犁, 犂
29. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 犛／牦
30. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 狸
31. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 琋
32. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 瓈／璃
33. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 睝
34. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 秙
35. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 穲
36. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 籬／篱
37. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 粍
38. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 粚
39. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 糎
40. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 縭／缡
41. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 纗／𫄹
42. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 罹
43. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 艃
44. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 莇
45. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 菞
46. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蓠
47. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蔾／藜
48. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 薶
49. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 藜
50. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蘺／蓠
51. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蜊
52. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蟍
53. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蟰
54. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蠞
55. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蠢
56. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 褵
57. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 謧
58. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 貍／狸
59. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 邌
60. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 酈／郦
61. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 酶
62. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 醨
63. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 釁／衅
64. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 釐, 厘
65. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鋫
66. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 錅
67. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鏫
68. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鑗
69. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 離／离
70. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 霽／霁
71. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 騹／𬴆
72. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 驪／骊
73. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 髣
74. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鯬／𫚞
75. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鱺／鲡
76. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵹／𱊃
77. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鸝／鹂
78. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 麖
79. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 黎
80. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 黐
81. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 黧
82. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 㒿／𰖩
83. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 㓯
84. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 浬

Matagalpa

Noun

lí

1. water

References

• Daniel G. Brinton, The Matagalpan Linguistic Stock of Central America, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 34 : 149 (December, 1895), pages 403-415, page 413

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• líi

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *līwos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l͈ʲiː/

Noun

lí f

1. beauty, luster, brilliance, glory
   • "Hail Brigit", from the Book of Leinster, published in Hail Brigit: an Old-Irish poem on the Hill of Alenn. ed. and trans. Kuno Meyer. Halle a.S., M. Niemeyer, 1912.

     Fodbae Feradaig, fó mind, [...] a brat líg, [...]

     The spoils of Feradach: a good diadem, [...], its shining robes...

2. brightness, color
   • c. 800, Stowe Missal, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. 2, p. 250, lines 11-12

     Líi gréne fris·ben att, benith galar.

     The sun's brightness that heals the swelling, it will quell the disease.

Inflection

This noun possessed a peculiar declension. In the singular and dual, it was generally indeclinable in form, but its singular forms triggered mutations. But in the plural, it rather obviously inflected like a feminine ā-stem with an etymologically superfluous -g- in the stem.

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	líL, líN	líL	lígaH
Vocative	líL	líL	lígaH
Accusative	líN	líL	lígaH
Genitive	líH	líL	lígN
Dative	líL	lígaib	lígaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• lígach (“beautiful, lustrous”)

Descendants

• Middle Irish: lí
  • Irish: lí

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lí”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Vietnamese

Alternative forms

• lý

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [li˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [lɪj˨˩˦]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [lɪj˦˥]
• Homophone: Lí

• Audio (Hà Nội):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 理.

Noun

lí

1. common sense

   hợp lí ― sensible

   có lí ― sound

   vô lí ― nonsensical

2. sound and fair reasoning

   có lí có tình ― just; fair and square

3. (colloquial, education) Clipping of vật lí (“physics”).

See also

Derived terms

• lí thuyết
• tâm lí

 

• địa (“geo”)
• hoá (“chem”)
• sử (“history”)
• văn (“literature”)

Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 俚.

Noun

lí

1. (music) a kind of folk song

   lí cây đa ― a lí song about the banyan tree

Etymology 3

Sino-Vietnamese word from 李 (“plum”).

Noun

(classifier cây, trái, quả) lí

1. Syzygium jambos