flour
English
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]- flower (obsolete)
Etymology
[edit]Spelled (until about 1830) and meaning flower in the sense of flour being the "finest portion of ground grain" (compare French fleur de farine, fine fleur). Doublet of flower. Partially displaced native meal.
The U.S. standard of identity comes from 21CFR137.105.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (UK) enPR: flou'ər IPA(key): /ˈflaʊ̯.ə/
- (US, Canada) IPA(key): /ˈflaʊ̯.ɚ/
- (India) enPR: flär IPA(key): /flaː(r)/
- (Singapore) enPR: flär IPA(key): /flɑː/[1]
- (Philippines, nonstandard) IPA(key): /flɑɹ/
- Rhymes: -aʊə(ɹ)
- Homophone: flower (for people who pronounce flour as two syllables or flower as one)
Noun
[edit]
flour (usually uncountable, plural flours)
- Powder obtained by grinding or milling cereal grains, especially wheat, or other foodstuffs such as soybeans and potatoes, and used to bake bread, cakes, and pastry.
- Coordinate term: meal
- 1963, Margery Allingham, “Foreword”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
- Everything a living animal could do to destroy and to desecrate bed and walls had been done. […] A canister of flour from the kitchen had been thrown at the looking-glass and lay like trampled snow over the remains of a decent blue suit with the lining ripped out which lay on top of the ruin of a plastic wardrobe.
- (US standards of identity) The food made by grinding and bolting cleaned wheat (not durum or red durum) until it meets specified levels of fineness, dryness, and freedom from bran and germ, also containing any of certain enzymes, ascorbic acid, and certain bleaching agents.
- Synonyms: smeddum, plain flour, wheat flour, white flour
- Powder of other material.
- wood flour, produced by sanding wood
- mustard flour
- Obsolete form of flower.
- 1886 May, Thomas Hardy, The Mayor of Casterbridge: The Life and Death of a Man of Character. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Smith, Elder & Co., […], →OCLC:
- that nobody is wished to see my dead body. & that no murnurs walk behind me at my funeral. & that no flours be planted on my grave.
Derived terms
[edit]- all-purpose flour
- bread flour
- cold flour
- cricket flour
- flour beetle
- flour corn
- flour gold
- flourmill, flour mill
- flour mite
- flour-monger
- flour moth
- flour treatment agent
- glacial flour
- graham flour
- moth flour
- national flour
- pastry flour
- rice flour
- rock flour
- second flour
- self-raising flour, self-rising flour
- strong flour
- wood flour
Descendants
[edit]Translations
[edit]ground cereal grains or other foodstuff
| ||||||
food made by grinding and bolting cleaned wheat
powder of other material
See also
[edit]Verb
[edit]flour (third-person singular simple present flours, present participle flouring, simple past and past participle floured)
- (transitive) To apply flour to something; to cover with flour.
- (transitive) To reduce to flour.
- (intransitive) To break up into fine globules of mercury in the amalgamation process.
Translations
[edit]to apply flour to something
|
References
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Cornish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]flour
Noun
[edit]flour m (plural flourys)
Synonyms
[edit]Middle English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Anglo-Norman flur, from Latin flōrem, accusative of flōs. More at flower.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]flour (plural floures)
- A flower (often representing impermanence or beauty)
- 1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 2, recto:
- Whan that Auerill wt his shoures soote / The droghte of march hath ꝑced to the roote / And bathed euery veyne in swich lycour / Of which v̄tu engendred is the flour […]
- When that April, with its sweet showers / Has pierced March's drought to the root / And bathed every vein in fluid such that / with its power, the flower is made […]
- A depiction or likeness of a flower.
- Success or achievement in a contest; victoriousness.
- A virtue or benefit; something desirable.
- That which is unparalleled; the top or most superior.
- Flour (i.e. the best part of a grain)
- A powder; especially one which is white like flour.
- An exemplar or example of a trait or behaviour.
- A woman's menstruation/period.
- (rare) Virginhood; sexual abstinence.
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “flǒur, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-09-25.
- “flǒur, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-09-25.
Etymology 2
[edit]From Old English flōr.
Noun
[edit]flour
- Alternative form of flor
Occitan
[edit]Noun
[edit]flour f (plural flours)
- (Mistralian) Alternative spelling of flor (“flower”)
Old French
[edit]Noun
[edit]flour oblique singular, f (oblique plural flours, nominative singular flour, nominative plural flours)
- Alternative form of flor
- 1377, Bernard de Gordon, Fleur de lis de medecine (a.k.a. lilium medicine), page 136 of this essay:
- non pasque les flours touchent a la chair nue car ce seroit doubte que les porres ne se clousissent et de fievre putride.
- but not that the flowers should touch the naked flesh because this may cause the pores to shut with a putrid fever.
Romansch
[edit]Noun
[edit]flour f (plural flours)
Scots
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle English flour, from Anglo-Norman flur, from Latin flōrem, accusative of flōs. More at English flower.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]flour (plural flours)
- a flower
- a bouquet (bunch of flowers)
- (uncountable) Wheat flour
Verb
[edit]flour (third-person singular simple present flours, present participle flourin, simple past flourt, past participle flourt)
- to embroider
Categories:
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰleh₃-
- English doublets
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English 1-syllable words
- Rhymes:English/aʊə(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/aʊə(ɹ)/1 syllable
- English terms with homophones
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- American English
- en:Standards of identity
- English terms with usage examples
- English obsolete forms
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- en:Foods
- en:Cooking
- Cornish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Cornish lemmas
- Cornish adjectives
- Cornish nouns
- Cornish masculine nouns
- kw:Botany
- kw:Flowers
- Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman
- Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman
- Middle English terms derived from Latin
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle English terms with quotations
- Middle English terms with rare senses
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- enm:Body
- enm:Botany
- enm:Grains
- enm:Sex
- Occitan lemmas
- Occitan nouns
- Occitan feminine nouns
- Occitan countable nouns
- Mistralian Occitan
- Old French lemmas
- Old French nouns
- Old French feminine nouns
- Old French terms with quotations
- Romansch lemmas
- Romansch nouns
- Romansch feminine nouns
- Surmiran Romansch
- Scots terms inherited from Middle English
- Scots terms derived from Middle English
- Scots terms derived from Anglo-Norman
- Scots terms derived from Latin
- Scots terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scots lemmas
- Scots nouns
- Scots uncountable nouns
- Scots verbs
- sco:Flowers