User:Robert Ullmann/Prologue/examples/to

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To

Wikipedia

See also Appendix:Variations of "to"

(particle) A particle used for marking the following verb as an infinitive.
(particle, colloquial) As above, with the verb implied.
(preposition) In the direction of, and arriving at (indicating destination).
(preposition) Used to indicate purpose
(preposition) Used to indicate result of action
(preposition) Used after an adjective to indicate its application.
(preposition, arithmetic) Used to indicate ratios.
(preposition, arithmetic) Used to indicate that the preceding term is to be raised to the power of the following value; indicates exponentiation.
(preposition) Used to indicate the indirect object.
(preposition, time) Preceding
(preposition, Newfoundland) at
(adverb) Common misspelling of too.
(adverb) Toward a closed, touching or engaging position.
(adverb, nautical) Into the wind.
(Czech, pronoun) it, that
(Danish, numeral, cardinal) two
(Danish, verb, dated) wash
(Ewe, noun) antelope
(Ewe, noun) ear
(Ewe, noun) father-in-law
(Ewe, noun) mortar
(Ewe, noun) mountain
(Ewe, verb) to crush
(Ewe, verb) to pound
(Finnish, Abbreviation abbreviations, acronyms and initialisms]] abbreviations]]) Thursday
(Ido, pronoun, demonstrative) this (thing)
(Japanese, particle) and; with
(Japanese, particle) (used after certain nouns, forms an adverb)
(Japanese, particle) if
(Japanese, particle) when
(Japanese, noun) 戸: Japanese-style door
(Japanese, noun) 都: metropolis
(Lojban, particle) Marks the start of a parenthetical clause or phrase, which is ended by toi.
(Norwegian, cardinal number, cardinal) two
(Old English, preposition) to, into
(Old English, preposition) at
(Old English, preposition, grammar) used to mark the inifitive (supine) of the verb
(Old English, adverb) besides
(Old English, adverb) in addition, also, too; moreover
(Polish, pronoun, demonstrative) this (nearby, neuter)
(Slovene, pronoun, demonstrative) this
(Vietnamese, adjective) big, large
(Vietnamese, adjective) great, considerable
(Translingual, symbol) The ISO 639-1 official language code of Tongan

Translingual

Symbol

to

The ISO 639-1 official language code of Tongan

English

Most common English words: the « of « and « #4: to » in » I » that

Etymology

From Middle English to (“‘to’”), from Old English tō (“‘to’”), from Proto-Germanic *tō, *ta (“‘to’”), from Proto-Indo-European *de, *do (“‘to’”). Cognate with Low Saxon to (“‘to’”), Dutch toe (“‘to’”), German zu (“‘to’”), West Frisian ta (“‘to’”).

Pronunciation

(stressed)
- (UK) IPA: /tuː/, SAMPA: /tu:/
- (US) IPA: /tu/, SAMPA: /tu/
(unstressed, preconsonantal) IPA: /tə/, SAMPA: /t@/
(unstressed, prevocalic) IPA: /tʊ/, SAMPA: /tU/
Rhymes: -uː
Homophones: too, two

Particle

to

A particle used for marking the following verb as an infinitive.
I want to leave.

He asked me what to do.

I don’t know how to say it.

I have places to go and people to see.

To err is human.

To be, or not to be: that is the question:
(colloquial) As above, with the verb implied.
"Did you visit the museum?" "I wanted to, but it was closed."

If he hasn't read it yet, he ought to.

Usage notes

Traditional British usage adds a verb after to, that is, does not use the second sense above.

Derived terms

Translations

infinitive-marker

Albanian: të, për të
Armenian: -ել hy(hy) (-el), -ալ hy(hy) (-al)
Catalan: -ar ca(ca) (1st conjugation); -er ca(ca), -r ca(ca), -re ca(ca) (2nd conj.); -ir ca(ca) (3rd conj.)
Czech: -t cs(cs), -ti cs(cs), -i cs(cs)
Danish: at da(da)
Dutch: te nl(nl)
French: -er fr(fr), -re fr(fr), -ir fr(fr)
German: zu de(de), -en de(de)
Greek: (extension) -σει
Hungarian: (extension) -ni

Icelandic: að is(is)
Italian: -are it(it), -ere it(it), -ire it(it)
Latin: -āre la(la), -ēre la(la), -ere la(la), -īre la(la)
Macedonian: да mk(mk) (da)
Norwegian: å no(no)
Persian: دَن (-dæn), تَن (-tæn)
Romanian: a ro(ro)
Russian: (suffix) -ать, -ять, -еть, -ить
Scots: tae
Spanish: -ar es(es), -er es(es), -ir es(es)
Swedish: att sv(sv)

Preposition

to

In the direction of, and arriving at (indicating destination).
We are walking to the shop.
Used to indicate purpose
He devoted himself to education.

They drank to his health.
Used to indicate result of action
His face was beaten to a pulp.
Used after an adjective to indicate its application.
similar to ..., relevant to ..., pertinent to ..., I was nice to him, he was cruel to her, I am used to walking.
(arithmetic) Used to indicate ratios.
one to one = 1:1

ten to one = 10:1.
(arithmetic) Used to indicate that the preceding term is to be raised to the power of the following value; indicates exponentiation.
Three squared or three to the second power is nine.

Three to the power of two is nine.

Three to the second is nine.
Used to indicate the indirect object.
I gave the book to him.
(time) Preceding
ten to ten = 9:50; We're going to leave at ten to (the hour).
(Newfoundland) at
Stay where you're to and I'll come find you, b'y.

Translations

in the direction of, and arriving at

Arabic: الى (íla), عَلى (ʕála)
Armenian: դեպի hy(hy) (depi)
Catalan: a, cap a
Chinese: 到 (dào)
Cornish:
Kernewek Kemmyn: dhe (sometimes yn)
Czech: k cs(cs), ke cs(cs), ku cs(cs), do cs(cs)
Dutch: naar nl(nl)
Esperanto: al eo(eo)
Finnish: expressed with the case of the headword, often allative case
French: à fr(fr)
German: nach de(de), zu de(de), in de(de)
Greek: προς (pros), σε (se)
Hebrew: אל (el), ...ל (le-), ...ב (bi-)
Hindi: please add this translation if you can
Hungarian: -hoz/-höz/-hez (allative, arriving at), felé (postposition, in the direction of)
Ido: a io(io), ad io(io)
Indonesian: ke, sampai, hingga, kepada
Interlingua: a
Irish: chuig ga(ga), chun ga(ga)
Italian: a it(it), in it(it), per it(it)

Japanese: へ ja(ja) (e), まで ja(ja) (made)
Korean: 으로 ko(ko) (euro)
Latin: ad la(la)
Lithuanian: į lt(lt)
Maltese: lil mt(mt), lejn mt(mt), lill- mt(mt), lil- mt(mt)
Norwegian: til no(no)
Novial: a
Persian: بِه (be)
Polish: do
Portuguese: a pt(pt), para pt(pt)
Romanian: la ro(ro), către ro(ro), spre ro(ro)
Russian: на; в, к (k) (words consisting of a consonant)
Sanskrit: please add this translation if you can
Scots: tae
Scottish Gaelic: gu gd(gd)
Slovene: k or h (if the next word begins with a "k" or "g"), proti
Spanish: a es(es) hacia es(es)
Swedish: till sv(sv)
Telugu: -కి te(te) (ki), -కు te(te) (ku)
Turkish: -e tr(tr), -a tr(tr), -ye tr(tr), -ya tr(tr)
West Frisian: nei fy(fy)

used after certain adjectives to indicate a relationship

Armenian: uses the dative case or նկատմամբ hy(hy) (nkatmamb)
Catalan: a
Czech: uses the dative case
Dutch: tegen nl(nl), aan nl(nl), met nl(nl)
French: à fr(fr)
Greek: με el(el)
Italian: a it(it)
Maltese: għal mt(mt)

Persian: بِه (be)
Portuguese: com pt(pt)
Romanian: cu ro(ro)
Scots: tae
Scottish Gaelic: ri gd(gd)
Spanish: a es(es)
Swedish: till, med (protagonistic relation), mot (antagonistic relation)

used to indicate ratios

Armenian: uses the dative case or նկատմամբ hy(hy) (nkatmamb)
Catalan: a
Chinese: 比 (bǐ)
Czech: ku cs(cs)
Danish: til da(da)
Dutch: tegen nl(nl)
German: zu de(de)
Greek: προς el(el)
Italian: a it(it), per it(it)

Japanese: に ja(ja) (ni), へ ja(ja) (e)
Romanian: la ro(ro)
Scots: tae
Scottish Gaelic: gu gd(gd)
Slovene: proti sl(sl)
Spanish: a es(es)
Swedish: till sv(sv)
Telugu: -కి te(te) (ki), -కు te(te) (ku)

used to indicated exponentiation

German: hoch de(de)

used to indicate the indirect object

Armenian: uses the dative case
Czech: uses the dative case
French: à fr(fr)
German: zu de(de), an de(de) (+ accusative); (also rendered by the bare dative case)
Irish: do ga(ga)

Latin: (rendered by the bare dative case)
Scots: tae
Scottish Gaelic: do gd(gd), gu gd(gd), ri gd(gd)
Telugu: -కి te(te) (ki), -కు te(te) (ku)

time: preceding

Finnish: vaille fi(fi)

German: zu de(de), vor de(de)

Adverb

to (not comparable)

Positive
to

Comparative
not comparable

Superlative
none (absolute)

Common misspelling of too.
Toward a closed, touching or engaging position.
Please would you push the door to.
(nautical) Into the wind.

Synonyms

(toward a closed, touching or engaging position): closed, shut

Antonyms

(toward a closed, touching or engaging position): open, ajar

Anagrams

OT,

Czech

Pronunciation

audio
(file)

Pronoun

to n.

it, that

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse tveir, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“‘two’”).

Pronunciation

IPA: /toː/, [tˢoːˀ]

Numeral

to

(cardinal) two

Etymology 2

From Old Norse þvá (“‘wash’”), from Proto-Germanic *þwahan.

Pronunciation

IPA: /toː/, [tˢoːˀ]

Verb

to (imperative to, infinitive at to, present tense tor, past tense toede, past participle har toet)

(dated) wash

Ewe

Noun

to

Verb

to

to crush
to pound

Finnish

Abbreviation

to (from torstai)

Thursday

Ido

Pronoun

to

(demonstrative) this (thing)

Japanese

Particle

to (hiragana と)

and; with
(used after certain nouns, forms an adverb)
if
when

Noun

to (hiragana と)

戸: Japanese-style door
都: metropolis

Lojban

Particle

to, in selma'o to

Marks the start of a parenthetical clause or phrase, which is ended by toi.

Related terms

to'i

Norwegian

Cardinal number

to

(cardinal) two

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *tō, *ta (“‘to’”), from Proto-Indo-European *de, *do (“‘to’”). Cognate with Old Saxon tō (adv.), “‘to’”), Old High German zuo (adv.), “‘to’”).

Preposition

tō

to, into
at
(grammar) used to mark the inifitive (supine) of the verb
tō drīfenne (“‘to drive’”)

Adverb

tō

besides
in addition, also, too; moreover

Descendants

English: to, too

Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *to < Proto-Indo-European *tód

Pronunciation

IPA: /t̪ɔ/

Pronoun

to n.

(demonstrative) this (nearby, neuter)

Declension

declension of to

	singular	plural
nominative	to	te
genitive	tego	tych
dative	temu	tym
accusative	to	te
instrumental	tym	tymi
locative	tym	tych
vocative	–	–

Slovene

Pronoun

to n.

(demonstrative) this

Vietnamese

Adjective

to

big, large
great, considerable

Derived terms

to lớn

audio
(file)