Appendix:Ukrainian doublets
Slavic
[edit]East Slavic – West Slavic
[edit]Compared to its sister Russian, Ukrainian has borrowed more words from Polish.
| Proto-Slavic | Inherited from East Slavic | Borrowed from Polish |
|---|---|---|
| *borna | борона́ (boroná, “harrow”) | бра́ма (bráma, “gate”) |
| *čьbanъ | джбан (džban, “jug”) | дзбан (dzban, “jug”) |
| *čьstьnota | чесно́та (česnóta, “virtue”) | цно́та (cnóta, “virginity”) |
| *kъnędzь | князь (knjazʹ, “prince”) | ксьондз (ksʹondz, “Polish Catholic priest”) |
| *moťь | міч (mič, “strength”, obsolete) | міць (micʹ, “power, might”) |
| *nadъxnǫti | надихну́ти (nadyxnúty, “to inspire”) | натхну́ти (natxnúty, “to inspire”) |
| *ǫzlъ | ву́зол (vúzol, “knot”) | ве́нзель (vénzelʹ, “monogram”) |
| *peťь | піч (pič, “oven”) | п'єц (pʺjec, “oven”, dialectal) |
| *plěna | плена́ (plená, “crack in metal”) | пля́ма (pljáma, “spot, stain”) |
| *pormy | по́ромінь (pórominʹ, obsolete) | про́мінь (próminʹ, “ray, beam”) |
| *skora | скі́ра (skíra, “skin” dialectal) | шкі́ра (škíra, “skin, hide, leather”) |
| *skъrbь | скорб (skorb, “grief”) | скарб (skarb, “treasure”) |
| *strašidlo | страши́ло (strašýlo, “bugaboo”) | страши́дло (strašýdlo, “bugaboo”) |
| *stьklo | скло (sklo, “glass”) | шкло (šklo, “glass”, colloquial) |
| *sьrna | се́рна (sérna, “chamois”) | са́рна (sárna, “roe deer”) |
| *sьrebro | серебро́ (serebró, “silver”, obsolete) | срі́бло (sríblo, “silver”) |
| *tъlmačь | товма́ч (tovmáč, “explainer”) | тлума́ч (tlumáč, “interpreter”) |
| *tъlmačiti | товма́чити (tovmáčyty, “to interpret”) | тлума́чити (tlumáčyty, “to interpret”) |
| *tъlstъ | товсти́й (tovstýj, “thick”) | тлу́стий (tlústyj, “greasy”) |
| *zamъkъ | замо́к (zamók, “lock”) | за́мок (zámok, “castle”) |
| *želpati | жоло́пати (žolópaty, “to devour”) | жльо́пати (žlʹópaty, “to guzzle”, dialectal) |
| Proto-Slavic | Inherited from East Slavic | Borrowed from Polish |
East Slavic – South Slavic
[edit]| Proto-Slavic | Inherited from East Slavic | Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic |
|---|---|---|
| *dervo | де́рево (dérevo, “tree, wood”) | дре́во (drévo, “tree”) |
| *gъrdlo | го́рло (hórlo, “throat”) | ги́рло (hýrlo, “rivermouth, estuary”, via Romanian) |
| *moťь | міч (mič, “strength”, obsolete) | мо́щі (móšči, “relics”) |
| *ovoťe | о́воч (óvoč, “vegetable”) | о́вощ (óvošč, “vegetable”) |
| *porxъ | по́рох (pórox, “powder”) | прах (prax, “ashes, remains”) |
| *sormъ | со́ром (sórom, “disgrace, shame”) | срам (sram, “disgrace, shame”) |
| *storžь | сто́рож (stórož, “watchman”) | страж (straž, “guard”, obsolete) |
| *sъborъ | збір (zbir, “assembly, gathering”) | собо́р (sobór, “cathedral”) |
| *vermę | ве́рем'я (véremʺja, “good weather”, dialectal) | вре́м'я (vrémʺja, “time”, dialectal) |
| *xormъ | хоро́м (xoróm, “mansion”) | храм (xram, “temple, shrine”) |
| *žitьje | життя́ (žyttjá, “life”) | житіє́ (žytijé, “biography, hagiography”) |
| Proto-Slavic | Inherited from East Slavic | Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic |