Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zamъkъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *za- (“for”) +‎ *mъkъ, action noun of Proto-Slavic *zamъknǫti (“to pull up, to drag”).

In most modern languages, the descendant of this lemma conveys the meaning castle, which is a late calque of German Schloss, itself a calque of Latin clūsa.

Noun

*zamъkъ m

1. lock

   Synonym: *bьrava

2. snare, knot (that locks)

Alternative forms

• *zamъka f

Declension

Declension of *zamъkъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*zamъkъ	*zamъka	*zamъci
genitive	*zamъka	*zamъku	*zamъkъ
dative	*zamъku	*zamъkoma	*zamъkomъ
accusative	*zamъkъ	*zamъka	*zamъky
instrumental	*zamъkъmь, *zamъkomь*	*zamъkoma	*zamъky
locative	*zamъcě	*zamъku	*zamъcěxъ
vocative	*zamъče	*zamъka	*zamъci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms

• *primъka (“snare, loop”)
• *promъka (“thread”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: замъкъ (zamŭkŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: замо́къ (zamók)
      • Belarusian: замо́к (zamók)
      • Ukrainian: замо́к (zamók)
    • Russian: замо́к (zamók)
  • Old Novgorodian: ꙁамъке (zamŭke)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: за́мек (zámek) (dialectal, dated)
  • Macedonian: замка (zamka)
  • ⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: за̑мка

    Latin script: zȃmka

  • ⇒ Slovene: zȃnka (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: zámek
    • Czech: zámek
      • Bohemian (Chod dialect): zámek
  • Kashubian: zómk
  • Old Polish: zamek
    • Polish: zamek
      • → Belarusian: за́мак (zámak)
      • → Russian: за́мок (zámok)
        • → Bulgarian: замък (zamǎk)
        • → Serbo-Croatian: замак
        • → Macedonian: замок (zamok)
      • → Ukrainian: за́мок (zámok)
  • Slovak: zámok

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “замок”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “замек”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 597
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “замък¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 599