Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stьklo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Borrowed from Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌺𐌻𐍃 (stikls). The original meaning was goblet, chalice which eventually shifted towards the material from which they were made. For a similar semantic development, compare Turkish cam (“glass”) < Persian جام (jâm, “cup”).

Noun

*stьklo n

1. glass

Declension

Declension of *stьklo (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*stьklo	*stьklě	*stьkla
genitive	*stьkla	*stьklu	*stьklъ
dative	*stьklu	*stьkloma	*stьklomъ
accusative	*stьklo	*stьklě	*stьkla
instrumental	*stьklъmь, *stьklomь*	*stьkloma	*stьkly
locative	*stьklě	*stьklu	*stьklěxъ
vocative	*stьklo	*stьklě	*stьkla

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: стькло (stĭklo)
    • Old Ruthenian: скло (sklo)
      • Ukrainian: скло (sklo)
    • Russian: стекло́ (stekló), скло (sklo) — dialectal (with paradigm leveling)
      • → Even: стекло (steklo)
      • → Kildin Sami: сте̄клэ (stiekle)
      • → Yakut: өстүөкүлэ (östüöküle)
    • → Latvian: stikls
• South Slavic:
  • ⇒ Old Church Slavonic: стьклѣница (stĭklěnica)
  • Bulgarian: стъкло́ (stǎkló), цкло (cklo)
  • Macedonian: стакло (staklo)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ста̀кло, скло̏, цкло̏

    Latin script: stàklo, sklȍ, cklȍ

    • Montenegrin (Piperi): stȁkło
  • Slovene: stéklo (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: stklo
    • Czech: sklo
  • Kashubian: skło, sckło
  • Old Polish: śćkło, śkło
    • Polish: szkło
      • → Old Ruthenian: шкло (šklo)
        • Belarusian: шкло (šklo)
        • Ukrainian: шкло (šklo)
  • Slovak: sklo
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: škla
    • Upper Sorbian: škla

• → Lithuanian: stiklas
• → Latvian: stikls
• →? Old Prussian: sticlo (perhaps directly from Gothic)
• → Romanian: sticlă (via some Slavic language)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “стекло́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress