Appendix:Proto-Gunwinyguan reconstructions
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Proto-Gunwinyguan reconstructions:[1]
Harvey (2003)
[edit]Phonology
[edit]| labial | alveolar | retroflex | laminal | palatal | velar | glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| lenis stop | b | d | rt | th | j | g | q |
| nasal | m | n | rn | ny | ng | ||
| lateral | l | rl | |||||
| tap/trill | rr | ||||||
| approximant | w | r | y |
| front | central | back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| high | i | u | |
| mid | e | o | |
| low | a |
List
[edit]| No. | Gloss | Proto-Gunwinyguan |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | conjunction | *ca |
| 2 | Grevillea pteridifolia | *caca ~ *yacca |
| 3 | to smoke (tr) | *ca(p)pul- |
| 4 | palm sp. | *cacak |
| 5 | ant sp. | *cak |
| 6 | yamstick | *cakkaq |
| 7 | left hand | *cakku |
| 8 | gudgeon sp. | *cakorlk |
| 9 | tree-dwelling plant sp. | *calamarti(ny) |
| 10 | centipede | *calarr |
| 11 | yam sp. | *calma |
| 12 | spinifex | *calng |
| 13 | clapsticks | *camarlak |
| 14 | constellation | *camarlarra |
| 15 | belongings of the dead | *-camo |
| 16 | billycan | *campakkaq |
| 17 | ground oven | *camparl |
| 18 | death adder | *campVn/rn |
| 19 | small kangaroo | *camunpuk |
| 20 | yam sp. | *canak |
| 21 | goanna sp. | *canay |
| 22 | throat, chin, jaw | *-cangarak |
| 23 | slingshot | *cangay |
| 24 | to hunt | *cang-ka- |
| 25 | plural/collective; really (intensifier) | *-cangki |
| 26 | frill-necked lizard | *cangkurr |
| 27 | palm sp. | *cantac |
| 28 | to lie/sit knees up | *cap- |
| 29 | to stab | *cap- |
| 30 | wattle sp. | *capec |
| 31 | quoll | *cappo |
| 32 | long-horned grasshopper | *cappurtenyqrteny |
| 33 | WMB | *capur |
| 34 | dreaming | *carang |
| 35 | crayfish | *carla |
| 36 | king brown snake | *carlung |
| 37 | bubbles, froth, foam, saliva, beer | *carnarr |
| 38 | jabiru | *carnarran |
| 39 | whimbrel | *carnpalcarnpal |
| 40 | banyon | *carnqpa |
| 41 | floater insect | *carrapuypuy |
| 42 | water goanna | *carrkka |
| 43 | tree sp. | *carrmarn/ny |
| 44 | female agile wallaby | *carrurtrtu |
| 45 | to rub firesticks | *carta |
| 46 | red apple | *cartuk |
| 47 | grasshopper | *cateytey |
| 48 | thigh bone (cf. *-mo bone) | *-cat-mo |
| 49 | green tree frog | *catngerecngerec |
| 50 | bird sp. | *catperlqperl |
| 51 | frog | *catti |
| 52 | to ask | *ca-wa- |
| 53 | koel | *cawok |
| 54 | water lily stem | *cawqcaw |
| 55 | beard | *cawurrk |
| 56 | nose | *ce |
| 57 | stone axe | *celerr |
| 58 | to drip | *celq- |
| 59 | tongue | *-cen |
| 60 | Grevillea sp. | *cenkererr |
| 61 | green shoot | *centel |
| 62 | fish | *ceny |
| 63 | milkwood | *cenycok |
| 64 | small dillybag | *cerr |
| 65 | goanna sp. | *cerrekko |
| 66 | one | *-cerring |
| 67 | pandanus mat | *cerrpe |
| 68 | ground oven | *cet |
| 69 | yam sp. | *cetparl |
| 70 | rifle fish | *cetperte |
| 71 | chewing plug | *ceyec |
| 72 | wet season | *ceyowk |
| 73 | bird sp. | *ceyqmi |
| 74 | wallaby sp. | *ci(c)cuk |
| 75 | to fart | *cic- |
| 76 | dreaming | *ciccan |
| 77 | willy wagtail | *cikirricikirric |
| 78 | breast | *cikka |
| 79 | to jingle | *cili(ci)lq- |
| 80 | whistleduck | *cilikuypi |
| 81 | crest | *cilin |
| 82 | Capparis umbonata | *ciliwirn |
| 83 | to rain | *cilk- |
| 84 | to come | *cim |
| 85 | Pandanus aquaticus | *cimcim |
| 86 | leech | *cimiq |
| 87 | knife | *cimirnrti |
| 88 | snake sp. | *cimirnulk |
| 89 | stomach | *-cing |
| 90 | bat sp. | *ciniminy |
| 91 | shark | *cinma |
| 92 | fish | *cipak |
| 93 | mistletoe | *cirnirrin/ny |
| 94 | grass sp. | *cirr |
| 95 | love magic | *cirri |
| 96 | quail | *cirrirnrti(t) |
| 97 | bird sp. | *cirrirtiti |
| 98 | woomera type | *cirrk |
| 99 | to push | *cirrk-ka- |
| 100 | native mouse | *cirrkkiny |
| 101 | to sneeze | *cirrnga- |
| 102 | bony bream | *cirrpili |
| 103 | whistleduck | *cirrpiyuk |
| 104 | to steal | *cit/rt- |
| 105 | scorpion | *co(wo)c |
| 106 | aunt | *cokong |
| 107 | hornet | *cokparl |
| 108 | carpet snake | *cokpiny |
| 109 | to sneak up on, to hide (tr) | *colam- |
| 110 | ripe, cooked | *colang |
| 111 | ground | *colkko |
| 112 | to kiss | *congq- |
| 113 | to pass by | *corlk |
| 114 | deep | *corlok |
| 115 | to cough | *corq- |
| 116 | to shift | *corq- |
| 117 | cockrag | *corrkkon |
| 118 | to straighten, to stretch | *corrng- |
| 119 | to defecate | *corrq- |
| 120 | to become daylight | *cortowq |
| 121 | nail-tailed wallaby | *cotet |
| 122 | tree sp. | *cotmo(ng) |
| 123 | to limp | *cottoy- |
| 124 | to cross | *cowk- |
| 125 | afternoon | *cowq-mi-ku |
| 126 | give | *coy |
| 127 | water goanna | *cucca |
| 128 | female black wallaby | *cukerre |
| 129 | to descend | *cul/rrq- |
| 130 | goanna sp. | *cularr |
| 131 | dust | *culng |
| 132 | ashes | *culpu |
| 133 | tree sp. | *culukkurn |
| 134 | stone | *cuntu |
| 135 | shrub sp. | *cuppiq |
| 136 | to swim | *cuq- |
| 137 | aggressor | *curam |
| 138 | bowerbird | *curerrk |
| 139 | kingfisher sp. | *curk |
| 140 | whirlwind | *curlum |
| 141 | lancewood | *curluq |
| 142 | black-headed python | *curn |
| 143 | rock wallaby | *curnrtupolq |
| 144 | to pour | *curr- |
| 145 | taipan | *currang |
| 146 | parrot sp. | *curri |
| 147 | to go down | *currpu |
| 148 | tawny frogmouth, owl sp. | *currul |
| 149 | nape of neck | *-cut |
| 150 | to send | *cuyq- |
| 151 | uncle | *Cacac |
| 152 | kangaroo rat | *Cakot |
| 153 | new leaves | *Calala |
| 154 | fishtail palm | *Calmarr |
| 155 | to flame up | *Calq- |
| 156 | jaw | *-Camkalk |
| 157 | perhaps, for nothing | *Camku |
| 158 | nothing | *Camolk |
| 159 | ritual guardian | *-Camorrwu |
| 160 | yam sp. | *Campurl |
| 161 | MF | *Camuny |
| 162 | to shout in Gunabibi, to take young men to ceremony ground | *Cangarrk- |
| 163 | expert hunter | *Cangkay |
| 164 | to eat noisily | *Cangq- |
| 165 | saltwater | *Canypalk |
| 166 | foreskin, uncircumcised man | *Capiny |
| 167 | sacred | *Cappurru |
| 168 | to wriggle, to slither; to crawl | *Carlarla- |
| 169 | flood | *Carrang |
| 170 | charcoal | *Carric |
| 171 | firstborn | *Cartpa |
| 172 | bird (generic) | *Cartuk |
| 173 | tawny frogmouth | *Cawarl |
| 174 | bird sp. | *Cawayakwayak |
| 175 | burned out grass, grass sp. | *Cawelk |
| 176 | to refuse | *Cay(q)- |
| 177 | big [avoidance term], lots | *Ceccerr |
| 178 | willy wagtail | *Ciningkirric |
| 179 | to flow/run down (of liquids) | *Cololo- |
| 180 | bee sp. | *Congko |
| 181 | rotten | *Conpolk |
| 182 | to kick | *Corlq- |
| 183 | female kangaroo | *Corlwana |
| 184 | tree sp. | *Corne |
| 185 | to fish | *Culq- |
| 186 | to spill | *Culuk- |
| 187 | riverbank | *Cumpay |
| 188 | to attack on the sly, to kill by sorcery | *Cumurrk- |
| 189 | single girl | *Curnkun |
| 190 | to hit/poke (ground) with a digging stick | *Cut- |
| 191 | to drip | *CVp- |
| 192 | parallel grandparent | *ka(k)kak |
| 193 | knife | *kace/it |
| 194 | spouse | *kakkali |
| 195 | properly | *kakku |
| 196 | FF | *kakung |
| 197 | lizard sp. | *kal/rlkkal/rlk |
| 198 | slowly | *kal/rrkal/rr |
| 199 | hill | *kala |
| 200 | bird sp. | *kalakkala |
| 201 | clear ground | *kalal |
| 202 | plant sp. | *kalangarnrtaq |
| 203 | goanna | *kalawan |
| 204 | other | *kalic |
| 205 | to pick up | *kali-ma- |
| 206 | dangerous person, evil | *kalk |
| 207 | brains | *kalngorkngork |
| 208 | calf | *-kalpam |
| 209 | to climb | *kalq |
| 210 | properly | *kamakkun |
| 211 | hard, tough | *-kamo |
| 212 | crab | *kampuk |
| 213 | temporal | *kamunycu |
| 214 | ear | *-kanam |
| 215 | jabiru | *kanci |
| 216 | belly | *kanga |
| 217 | leg | *kanta |
| 218 | meat | *kany |
| 219 | small | *kanyaq |
| 220 | to guzzle | *kapkap- |
| 221 | blacksoil plain | *kappal/rr |
| 222 | white mud | *kapparnrtaq |
| 223 | ironwood | *kappay |
| 224 | paucal | *-kappul |
| 225 | dry | *kappurk |
| 226 | blind | *kappurla |
| 227 | might be | *kare |
| 228 | headband | *karlampa |
| 229 | shoulder | *karlang |
| 230 | bony bream | *karlarlppa |
| 231 | dilly bag | *karlarr |
| 232 | Long Tom fish | *karlerrq |
| 233 | boomerang | *karlikarliq |
| 234 | tadpole | *karlkke |
| 235 | freshwater mangrove | *karlngka/iny |
| 236 | wattle sp., woomera type | *karlppu |
| 237 | black cockatoo | *karnamarr |
| 238 | black flying fox | *karnampal |
| 239 | emu, large feathers on emu | *karnanganyca |
| 240 | mother in law | *karncoy |
| 241 | big bandicoot | *karnma |
| 242 | leech sp. | *karnpany |
| 243 | palm sp. | *karnpany |
| 244 | Acacia sp. | *karnpirr |
| 245 | tree snake | *karnpowk |
| 246 | female kangaroo | *karnrtalppurru |
| 247 | spine | *karnrtan-mo |
| 248 | female kangaroo | *karnrtayq |
| 249 | dingo | *karnrteken |
| 250 | collective | *-karra |
| 251 | leg, shin | *-karra |
| 252 | top | *karra |
| 253 | black cockatoo | *karrak |
| 254 | diver duck | *karrakkarrak |
| 255 | spoonbill | *karral/rla |
| 256 | mother | *karrang |
| 257 | to grow | *karrany-ci- |
| 258 | spinifex sp. | *karrarnrtalk |
| 259 | breastplate | *karrartarta |
| 260 | west | *karri(ny) |
| 261 | bucket | *karricintin |
| 262 | spider web | *karrk |
| 263 | top | *karrkkal/rra |
| 264 | goshawk | *karrkkany |
| 265 | insect sp. | *karrng |
| 266 | yam sp. | *karrpil/rlk/q |
| 267 | to bog | *kart- |
| 268 | maybe | *karta |
| 269 | uncle, spouse | *kartak |
| 270 | spider | *kartap |
| 271 | bee sp. | *karterre |
| 272 | women (avoidance style) | *kartukartu |
| 273 | hot ashes | *kartul |
| 274 | to call out | *kaw/yq- |
| 275 | dingo | *kawirVq |
| 276 | nankeen night heron | *kawk |
| 277 | friarbird | *kaworlk |
| 278 | tree sp., Gardenia megasperma, Capparis umbonata | *kayapam |
| 279 | uncle | *kaykka(y) |
| 280 | temporal | *kaykku |
| 281 | daytime | *kaykkupurrq |
| 282 | turtle sp. | *kaywal |
| 283 | directional | *ke- |
| 284 | married | *kel |
| 285 | two people related as cross cousins, married, married couples | *keli |
| 286 | bank | *kelk |
| 287 | oops | *ken |
| 288 | mucus | *ken/rnorr |
| 289 | lizard sp. | *kengporlq |
| 290 | pulse | *kenykeny |
| 291 | skink sp. | *kenykeny |
| 292 | clean | *-kereckerec |
| 293 | ibis | *kernalk |
| 294 | new | *-kerrng(e) |
| 295 | to cough | *ketlengq- |
| 296 | child | *kew |
| 297 | something, everything | *kicak |
| 298 | limestone | *kicalkkin |
| 299 | small bird sp. | *kikkik |
| 300 | mirror | *kilac |
| 301 | yellow ochre | *kilirri |
| 302 | plant sp. | *kilwirrkilwirr |
| 303 | snake sp. | *kimaci/un |
| 304 | mucus | *kinerr |
| 305 | to cook | *kinya- |
| 306 | catfish sp. | *kirnqkirn |
| 307 | to tickle | *kitik- |
| 308 | kangaroo [generic] | *ko/uny |
| 309 | head | *koc |
| 310 | bird sp. | *kocowkkocowk |
| 311 | cheek | *-kokmele |
| 312 | nest | *-kol |
| 313 | water | *kolk- |
| 314 | yellow ochre | *kolongorrq |
| 315 | dove | *kolototok ~ *kol/rlo(t)tok |
| 316 | initiate | *kolowuruk |
| 317 | fish sp. | *kompoq |
| 318 | tree sp. | *komporloq |
| 319 | adolescent boy | *komtuc |
| 320 | fin; barb, hook | *kon |
| 321 | plant sp., bush potato | *kongkong |
| 322 | eye | *koq |
| 323 | to load, to put in(side) | *kor- |
| 324 | to be sick | *kor- |
| 325 | plant part | *korl |
| 326 | tree sp. | *korlangrlang |
| 327 | back | *-korlo |
| 328 | to hook a spear up to a woomera | *korlp- |
| 329 | Planchonia careya | *korlq |
| 330 | testicles | *korn |
| 331 | wallaby sp. | *kornopolo |
| 332 | before, quickly | *korre |
| 333 | clothes | *-korrk |
| 334 | pandanus husk | *korrmo |
| 335 | before | *korroko |
| 336 | kookaburra | *korrowkkorrow |
| 337 | wrong way marriage | *korrowol |
| 338 | to bog, to jump in water | *korrq- |
| 339 | white plum | *korrwan |
| 340 | owl sp. | *kortrtol |
| 341 | paperbark | *kot |
| 342 | yam sp. | *kotpe |
| 343 | pigeon | *kottowkkottowk |
| 344 | echidna | *kowarrang |
| 345 | paperbark humpy, bark of stringybark | *kowk |
| 346 | soup | *-koy(ng) |
| 347 | freshwater crocodile | *koyow |
| 348 | large lily sp. | *kuccung |
| 349 | body, raw | *kuk |
| 350 | many | *kul(p)pam |
| 351 | to shoot | *kul/rrqwarr- |
| 352 | anthill | *kulppiny |
| 353 | emu | *kulppiny |
| 354 | frog sp. | *kulpungkulpung |
| 355 | to be heavy-eyed, to bow head | *kuluk- |
| 356 | to growl (of the belly) | *kululungq- |
| 357 | to mourn, to be sorry for | *kulurr- |
| 358 | boat, float; pandanus mat; paperbark raft | *kuluyampi |
| 359 | tawny frogmouth | *kuluyqkuluy |
| 360 | tree sp. | *kumpic |
| 361 | hand | *-kun |
| 362 | ground | *kunca |
| 363 | honey | *kung |
| 364 | blue-tongue lizard | *kungar(l)ak |
| 365 | tree sp. | *kungurru |
| 366 | heavy | *-kunkun |
| 367 | peacemaker | *kuntal |
| 368 | storm season | *kunumeleng |
| 369 | black-headed python | *kunungu |
| 370 | soul | *-kuny |
| 371 | cloud | *kurl |
| 372 | reed | *kurlac |
| 373 | skin | *kurlak |
| 374 | paperbark sp. | *kurlkurl |
| 375 | blood | *kurlpa |
| 376 | night | *kurnmuk |
| 377 | black plum | *kurnrtalq |
| 378 | ibis sp. | *kurnrtirnrtirn |
| 379 | Flacourtia territorialis | *kurnrtun/rn |
| 380 | cloud | *kurnung |
| 381 | tendon | *kurr(k)kurr |
| 382 | bush string | *kurr/rat/rtpa |
| 383 | blood | *kurrac |
| 384 | blue-tongue lizard | *kurri |
| 385 | blue-tongue lizard | *kurrmul/rlu |
| 386 | moon | *kurrnga |
| 387 | sweat | *kurrngi/urn/ny |
| 388 | olive python | *kurrucartu |
| 389 | mussell | *kurruk |
| 390 | corpse | *kurrumara |
| 391 | arm | *-kurrung |
| 392 | turtle sp. | *kurruppirl |
| 393 | to go around | *kurtic- |
| 394 | black | *kurtuk |
| 395 | to get up | *kut- |
| 396 | to copulate | *kut(u)kut(u)- |
| 397 | clever fellow | *kut/rtang(yi) |
| 398 | Terminalia grandiflora | *kutt/rtrtu |
| 399 | bird sp. | *kuttapirlq |
| 400 | curlew | *kuwarlu(/rlu) |
| 401 | tall | *-kuyang |
| 402 | Banksia dentata | *kuypuk |
| 403 | bird sp. | *kVl/rlV(r)wit/rtwit/rt |
| 404 | back of neck | *-kVm |
| 405 | saltwater crocodile | *kVngV |
| 406 | two | *kVrrang |
| 407 | stone | *kVrrV |
| 408 | kookaburra | *kVrVwVk |
| 409 | chin, face; head | *L/rong |
| 410 | to throw | *Laki- |
| 411 | initiated young man | *Lakkayen |
| 412 | to split | *Lak-pu |
| 413 | to chase away | *Lal |
| 414 | to tear | *Lal/rlaq- |
| 415 | shovel spear | *Lama |
| 416 | turtle shell; tin can | *Lampak |
| 417 | sugar glider | *Lampalk |
| 418 | hand | *Langa |
| 419 | billabong | *-Langka |
| 420 | butterfly | *Langkalangka |
| 421 | pearlshell | *Langkalangka |
| 422 | goose | *Langkurna(ng) |
| 423 | tree | *Lany |
| 424 | bird sp. | *Laplap |
| 425 | to dry out | *Larla- |
| 426 | wallaby sp. | *Larrppo/un/rniny |
| 427 | to stop | *Larrq- |
| 428 | bamboo pipe | *Larrwa |
| 429 | to bite | *Law- |
| 430 | stone spear | *Lawk |
| 431 | Opilia amentacea | *Leklek |
| 432 | to rustle | *Lelec |
| 433 | spotted bream | *Leppal |
| 434 | shrub sp. | *Lerrelerre |
| 435 | to clap boomerangs | *Lerrq- |
| 436 | to light a fire | *Lerrq- |
| 437 | to look after/at | *Let- |
| 438 | parrot | *Letrlet |
| 439 | to fall | *Li |
| 440 | to join up with, be company with someone; whole lot | *Likpa |
| 441 | to ache | *Lirlqrlirl- |
| 442 | black cockatoo | *Lirrapin |
| 443 | new moon | *Lirrk |
| 444 | to scratch | *Lirrq- |
| 445 | to sew | *Lit-pu- |
| 446 | to swim | *Liw |
| 447 | lizard sp. | *Loklok |
| 448 | butcherbird | *Lopolopo |
| 449 | to be cold | *Lork- |
| 450 | hollow | *Lorrok |
| 451 | to grind, to sharpen | *Lorrot- |
| 452 | to sift | *Lorrq- |
| 453 | to prise off | *Lowk/q- |
| 454 | red ochre | *Loywa |
| 455 | pigeon sp. | *Lumpuk |
| 456 | to strip bark off, to split | *Lumq- |
| 457 | down, outside | *Lun |
| 458 | to swell up | *Lurl- |
| 459 | behind | *Lurra |
| 460 | tobacco chewing plug | *ma(p)pac |
| 461 | wild passionfruit | *ma(rt)rtawk |
| 462 | swag | *mac |
| 463 | wind | *mac |
| 464 | black-headed python | *maccurn |
| 465 | good | *-mak |
| 466 | message stick | *mak |
| 467 | pelican | *makkakkurr |
| 468 | plant sp. | *makorlkorl |
| 469 | cold weather | *mal/rlVp/wVrr(V) |
| 470 | poison | *mal/rr- |
| 471 | group | *mala- |
| 472 | bat sp. | *malampippi |
| 473 | hawk sp. | *malawirtiwirti |
| 474 | subsection | *malk |
| 475 | time | *malk- |
| 476 | to beget [father] | *mal-ka- |
| 477 | young person; soft | *-malmal |
| 478 | native tobacco | *malmalmac |
| 479 | spirit | *mam |
| 480 | to wrap | *maminy- |
| 481 | dreaming | *mampulpak |
| 482 | Canthium lucidum | *mamtak |
| 483 | ceremony | *mamurrng |
| 484 | collective | *man- |
| 485 | echidna | *manappurn |
| 486 | leaf | *mancarr |
| 487 | neck, throat | *manga |
| 488 | woomera | *mangal |
| 489 | female cross-cousin | *mangkang |
| 490 | to fall; to lose (intr) | *man-ka- |
| 491 | stingray barb | *manki-manki |
| 492 | taste | *many- |
| 493 | palm sp. | *mapam |
| 494 | wallaby sp. | *mapirling |
| 495 | centipede | *marla |
| 496 | large intestine | *marla |
| 497 | leaf | *marla |
| 498 | lizard sp. | *marlac |
| 499 | insect sp. | *marlinyci |
| 500 | to wave (of water) | *marluk- |
| 501 | lame | *marluqmarlu |
| 502 | arm | *-marnak |
| 503 | benefactive | *marne- |
| 504 | to make | *marniny- |
| 505 | to make | *marn-pu- |
| 506 | pigeon sp. | *marnpulu |
| 507 | orphan | *marnrtaliny |
| 508 | comparative | *marr- |
| 509 | ghost | *marr/ral |
| 510 | kite sp. | *marram |
| 511 | water goanna | *marrampal |
| 512 | wife-stealer | *marrampaq |
| 513 | palm sp., Cycas media | *marrappi |
| 514 | headband | *marrappippi |
| 515 | hunger | *marri- |
| 516 | girl | *-marriny |
| 517 | to believe | *marrk- |
| 518 | to flash | *marrngq- |
| 519 | catfish sp. | *marrnguny |
| 520 | to open | *marrq- |
| 521 | to shake | *marrqmarr- |
| 522 | palm sp. | *marruny |
| 523 | friarbird | *martawk |
| 524 | ceremony | *martayin |
| 525 | hawk sp. | *martirt |
| 526 | to shine | *martmart- |
| 527 | eucalyptus sp. | *martpa |
| 528 | barramundi | *martpiny |
| 529 | paperbark, deep coolamon | *martu |
| 530 | barramundi | *martukkal |
| 531 | to flash (of lightning) | *martuq- |
| 532 | heel, ankle | *mat |
| 533 | plant sp. | *mawurrumpulk |
| 534 | poison | *mawuya |
| 535 | food | *may |
| 536 | to get lost | *mayaq- |
| 537 | to flash (of lightning), to wink | *mayk/q- |
| 538 | Milky Way | *mayompol |
| 539 | chest | *-me/irrk |
| 540 | sore | *me/ok |
| 541 | spearpoint; nose | *mel/rleny |
| 542 | female wallaby | *mel/rlppe |
| 543 | light | *melang |
| 544 | bed | *mele |
| 545 | mud | *melpe |
| 546 | mind | *men |
| 547 | to watch | *men- |
| 548 | to be a big expanse | *meng |
| 549 | goanna sp. | *merenq |
| 550 | tick | *merk |
| 551 | butterfly | *merlemerle |
| 552 | shoulder blade | *merleppeq |
| 553 | pimple stick | *merlmerlmi |
| 554 | north | *merre |
| 555 | to (not) know; to crush | *mic- |
| 556 | goanna hole | *mic |
| 557 | louse | *mic |
| 558 | to use mother-in-law language | *mik |
| 559 | native rat; native cat | *mikmik |
| 560 | forehead | *milq |
| 561 | blue-tongue lizard | *milqtarl |
| 562 | FaMo | *mimi |
| 563 | negative | *-miny |
| 564 | to rise (of the sun) | *mirlirl- |
| 565 | to shine | *mirlq- |
| 566 | shoulder | *mirni |
| 567 | scrub | *mirnicca |
| 568 | cave | *mirq |
| 569 | to be noisy; to thunder | *mirr- |
| 570 | barramundi | *mirricci |
| 571 | to be hot | *mirrngq- |
| 572 | sharp | *mirrq |
| 573 | rib | *mirtimirti |
| 574 | tick | *mitturru |
| 575 | bone | *-mo |
| 576 | nut of pandanus | *moc |
| 577 | to mix | *moc- |
| 578 | bee sp. | *mocarngq |
| 579 | clan | *mokurrkurr |
| 580 | mortuary package of bones; large bones of arm and leg | *mol/rlerreny |
| 581 | secretly | *monic- |
| 582 | to break, to snap | *mop |
| 583 | tree sp. | *moppan |
| 584 | grub, fly | *mork |
| 585 | father’s cross-cousin; mother’s older sister | *morla |
| 586 | blue-tongue lizard | *morlel |
| 587 | secretly | *morlk- |
| 588 | to sit quiet | *morlk |
| 589 | hip | *-morlo |
| 590 | road | *morlo |
| 591 | didgeridoo | *morlu |
| 592 | to carry on shoulder | *morna- |
| 593 | poison; power; ghost, corpse | *mornrte |
| 594 | to be/get dark | *morr |
| 595 | catfish | *morropporl |
| 596 | to be quiet | *mot- |
| 597 | to cut | *mot |
| 598 | rainbow serpent | *muc |
| 599 | coolibah | *muccu |
| 600 | indeed | *mukka |
| 601 | owl sp. | *mukmuk |
| 602 | paperbark sp. | *mul/rlmu |
| 603 | necronym; denizen | *mulu- |
| 604 | conkerberry | *mululuk |
| 605 | initiand | *mululuk |
| 606 | tree sp. | *muluppirnrti |
| 607 | ironwood | *mulyurruny |
| 608 | mud cod | *mun |
| 609 | shoulder | *-mun/rncum |
| 610 | wrong | *mungu |
| 611 | all the time | *munguyq |
| 612 | to follow | *munke/u- |
| 613 | grass sp. | *munmunq |
| 614 | sorcery | *munpa |
| 615 | dark | *munun |
| 616 | to be blocked | *mup- |
| 617 | spoonbill | *muqmu |
| 618 | to blindfold | *murl |
| 619 | fish sp. | *murlili |
| 620 | to be many | *murlp |
| 621 | woven item | *murr(k)ka |
| 622 | three | *murrkkun |
| 623 | shovel spear | *murrnginy |
| 624 | tree sp. | *murrppunq |
| 625 | flying fox | *murru |
| 626 | dragonfly | *murrumpic |
| 627 | black currant | *murrungkurn |
| 628 | plant sp. | *murrurnmani |
| 629 | FaFa | *murti |
| 630 | body hair | *mut |
| 631 | fly sp. | *mutmurr |
| 632 | spider | *mutta |
| 633 | sun | *mutta |
| 634 | to lose | *muy- |
| 635 | tucker | *muya |
| 636 | cross-grandparent | *mVmVm |
| 637 | frogmouth | *Na-cik |
| 638 | countryman, man | *Nal |
| 639 | barramundi | *Namarnkorl |
| 640 | male kangaroo | *Namarr |
| 641 | falling star | *Namorrortrto |
| 642 | there | *Nan |
| 643 | to sing | *Nana- |
| 644 | black flying fox | *Nangamung |
| 645 | saltwater crocodile | *Nangkurru |
| 646 | kidney | *Nanti(l)ttil |
| 647 | to shave | *Narrq- |
| 648 | whole lot | *Nart |
| 649 | horse | *Nento/u |
| 650 | to grab | *New |
| 651 | elbow | *Ney |
| 652 | small bird sp. | *Nin |
| 653 | to smell (tr) | *No-ma- |
| 654 | water rat | *Norn |
| 655 | insect sp. | *Nornorrmi |
| 656 | stinking | *Norr |
| 657 | to be heaped | *Nort |
| 658 | possessions | *Nulq |
| 659 | saliva | *-Nuny |
| 660 | water weed | *Nurric |
| 661 | to snore; to snort [as of a pig] | *NVrrngq- |
| 662 | to sneeze | *nga(c)ci- |
| 663 | spring | *ngaccal |
| 664 | grey-crowned babbler | *ngakngak |
| 665 | mouth | *-ngal/rrk |
| 666 | out/up | *ngal/rrq- |
| 667 | white corella | *ngalelek |
| 668 | female plains kangaroo | *ngalicirri |
| 669 | to find | *ngal-ka- |
| 670 | old woman | *ngal-koqpany |
| 671 | catfish | *ngal-makkawarre/i |
| 672 | wild potato | *ngampirnqngampirn |
| 673 | buffalo | *nganapparru |
| 674 | language | *ngani |
| 675 | to talk | *nganka- |
| 676 | eye | *-nganycurla |
| 677 | eucalyptus sp. | *ngapak |
| 678 | hair | *ngar |
| 679 | saliva | *ngarl |
| 680 | turtle shell | *ngarlan |
| 681 | slope | *ngarlk |
| 682 | dog louse | *ngarnrtak |
| 683 | snake | *ngarrac |
| 684 | white cockatoo | *ngarrac |
| 685 | saratoga | *ngarrayarl |
| 686 | I, me | *ngarrk |
| 687 | short-necked turtle | *ngart |
| 688 | fishing line | *ngat/rterr |
| 689 | cycad | *ngaththu |
| 690 | rifle fish | *ngatpan |
| 691 | lily sp. | *ngawkngawk |
| 692 | to not know; no, nothing | *ngawun |
| 693 | to whisper | *ngayawk- |
| 694 | to ask | *ngec- |
| 695 | night | *ngek |
| 696 | mother | *ngele |
| 697 | to be full | *ngemq- |
| 698 | pouch | *-ngerng |
| 699 | heart | *ngerq |
| 700 | to breathe, to have a breath, to have a rest | *ngerq- |
| 701 | sleep | *ngerre |
| 702 | white cockatoo | *ngerrk |
| 703 | name | *-ngey |
| 704 | black currant | *ngik |
| 705 | to blow nose | *nginyq- |
| 706 | rib | *-ngo/urrk |
| 707 | sibling-in-law | *ngo/uy |
| 708 | pandanus sp. | *ngokngo |
| 709 | cloud, sky | *ngol |
| 710 | to talk | *ngol/rlok- |
| 711 | river red gum | *ngolongkoq |
| 712 | to echo | *ngolyowq- |
| 713 | wind | *ngonto |
| 714 | to fall | *ngorl/rq- |
| 715 | eel | *ngorlo |
| 716 | wallaby sp. | *ngorlomorro |
| 717 | ankle | *-ngoro |
| 718 | to carry on back/shoulder | *ngorr-ka- |
| 719 | flower | *ngorro |
| 720 | to suck blood (native doctor as curative practice) | *ngort- |
| 721 | ankle | *ngortokoc |
| 722 | sleepyhead | *ngoyongoyo |
| 723 | to buzz | *ngu- |
| 724 | guts | *nguk |
| 725 | to fart | *nguk-tirrq- |
| 726 | snake sp. | *nguntic |
| 727 | same | *ngunycu |
| 728 | black | *ngurl |
| 729 | duck sp. | *ngurlirri |
| 730 | firestick | *ngurniq |
| 731 | to dislike | *ngurrng(ki)- |
| 732 | catfish sp. | *ngurru |
| 733 | emu | *ngurru(rn)rtuc |
| 734 | to dig | *ngurrumq- |
| 735 | to be quiet | *ngurt- |
| 736 | to thunder | *ngurtul/rl- |
| 737 | to growl | *ngVrr(ng)- |
| 738 | to make noise | *nyaknyak |
| 739 | rain | *nyalk |
| 740 | orchid sp. | *nyarlkkan |
| 741 | father | *nyarra |
| 742 | to talk | *nyawk- |
| 743 | to dislike | *nyirrq- |
| 744 | to sprinkle | *nyiwk |
| 745 | to swallow | *nyolk/q- |
| 746 | to blow nose | *nyuc- |
| 747 | native cat | *nyuluk |
| 748 | small bird sp. | *nyurric |
| 749 | collective | *-pa |
| 750 | perlative | *-pa |
| 751 | wild potato | *pa(c)cu |
| 752 | sibling | *pa(p)pa |
| 753 | water weed; pond algae | *pak |
| 754 | benefactive prefix | *pak- |
| 755 | to break up | *pak- |
| 756 | tree rat; quoll | *pakkaci |
| 757 | new | *pal/rlangkin |
| 758 | shark | *pal/rlangu |
| 759 | wide; shallow | *pal/rlpmi |
| 760 | side | *pala- |
| 761 | leech | *palac |
| 762 | cousin | *palak |
| 763 | long ago | *palay |
| 764 | wide | *-paliwu |
| 765 | pulse | *palkenykeny |
| 766 | wallaby | *palkkiny/c |
| 767 | rope | *palkku |
| 768 | mate | *palppara |
| 769 | to block | *palq- |
| 770 | ritual sponsor | *-palukkayin |
| 771 | head | *-pam |
| 772 | to bake | *pam-ma |
| 773 | plant part | *-pamo |
| 774 | bald | *pam-parl |
| 775 | ant sp. | *pamporkpampork |
| 776 | Ficus opposita | *pampul/rla |
| 777 | stump | *pampurr(u)q |
| 778 | turtle sp. | *pamterk |
| 779 | canoe | *pamuny |
| 780 | goose | *pamurru |
| 781 | plant sp. | *panganypangany |
| 782 | women’s dance | *pantimi |
| 783 | smell | *pany |
| 784 | wet season | *panykarrang |
| 785 | to collect honey; to fill container with solids [including honey] | *pany-pu- |
| 786 | to put down | *pap |
| 787 | to ride | *pap/q- |
| 788 | yam sp. | *papuc |
| 789 | fish sp. | *par(a)ccarr |
| 790 | cheeky | *-parang |
| 791 | vagina | *parla |
| 792 | level ground, clear ground | *-parlac |
| 793 | nearly | *parlan- |
| 794 | track | *parlaq |
| 795 | to overflow | *parlk- |
| 796 | boomerang | *parlkkan |
| 797 | to make a bed | *parlparl |
| 798 | flat | *parlpparl |
| 799 | clause particle | *parna |
| 800 | tree sp. | *parna(c)ca |
| 801 | spotted nightjar | *parnangka |
| 802 | Owenia vernicosa | *parnarr |
| 803 | white ochre | *parnca |
| 804 | circumcised | *parnrtarri |
| 805 | to open | *parr- |
| 806 | spear tree | *parra(k)karl |
| 807 | kookaburra | *parraca |
| 808 | darter (bird sp.) | *parrakparrak |
| 809 | plant sp. | *parram |
| 810 | rockhole; end of cliff | *parrarn |
| 811 | native cat; native rat | *parri |
| 812 | black wallaroo | *parrk |
| 813 | to break/crack | *parrk/q- |
| 814 | to shake | *parrparr- |
| 815 | to dawn | *parrq- |
| 816 | knee | *-part |
| 817 | to grab | *part |
| 818 | baby | *partarta |
| 819 | benefactive | *partrta- |
| 820 | march fly | *partrti |
| 821 | rock | *pat |
| 822 | wallaby sp. | *patporng |
| 823 | to leave, to pass by | *pa-wo/u |
| 824 | pelican | *paya |
| 825 | green plum | *pe/irrke/iq |
| 826 | quinine tree | *pecca |
| 827 | file snake | *pekka |
| 828 | frog sp. | *pel(k)kangqmi |
| 829 | to lick | *pelek- |
| 830 | to lick | *peleng(k)- |
| 831 | gecko spp. | *pelerrk |
| 832 | to stick (tr) | *pelp |
| 833 | dew | *pemarrk |
| 834 | fish sp. | *pempem |
| 835 | handle | *-pen |
| 836 | hearing, understanding | *peng- |
| 837 | to snap | *peng |
| 838 | to remind | *peng-tayq- |
| 839 | bustard | *penuk |
| 840 | shoulder blade | *-peremelk |
| 841 | bad | *perk |
| 842 | aunt | *perlu |
| 843 | eucalyptus sp. | *pernpern |
| 844 | chest | *perre |
| 845 | plover | *perrepperrep |
| 846 | rainbow bee-eater | *perrertperrert |
| 847 | masked plover | *pettelerrelerre |
| 848 | to drink | *pi- |
| 849 | to pick out; to correct | *pic- |
| 850 | file snake | *piccirri |
| 851 | to squeeze | *picip- |
| 852 | whirlwind | *picurtu |
| 853 | rope | *pik |
| 854 | black snake | *pil/rr |
| 855 | plant sp. | *pilirrng |
| 856 | galah | *pilkpilk |
| 857 | white ochre | *pim |
| 858 | to paint/write | *pim-pu- |
| 859 | to go tsk | *pingq- |
| 860 | really | *pinti |
| 861 | breast | *pippi |
| 862 | man’s child | *pippi |
| 863 | to tell | *pir |
| 864 | sharp point | *pirl |
| 865 | Acacia holosericea | *pirliwirli |
| 866 | barramundi | *pirlmu |
| 867 | to hit in upper leg; to break long object - e.g. leg | *pirlq |
| 868 | nail | *pirniny |
| 869 | bird sp. | *pirnqpirnrtok |
| 870 | plant sp. | *pirnrte |
| 871 | native mouse | *pirnrti |
| 872 | biting insect sp. | *pirnrtu |
| 873 | glossy ibis | *pirnrtu |
| 874 | hand | *-pirr |
| 875 | to knead | *pirric |
| 876 | bee sp. | *pirrkkurta |
| 877 | to clean | *pirrp/q- |
| 878 | beeswax | *pirti |
| 879 | nearly | *pirtic- |
| 880 | tea tree | *pirtippirti |
| 881 | lily seed damper; soft | *pirtrtiny |
| 882 | plant sp. | *pitort |
| 883 | dried up, wrinkled | *-piyak |
| 884 | river | *po |
| 885 | avoidance | *po(ng)q- |
| 886 | ground oven | *po/uy |
| 887 | archer fish | *poccalk |
| 888 | spear | *pokko |
| 889 | trouble | *pol |
| 890 | cicatrice | *polic |
| 891 | country, territory | *polk- |
| 892 | parent - spouse speaking; woman | *polo |
| 893 | rainbow serpent | *polo/ung |
| 894 | track | *polq |
| 895 | to camp out | *polyong |
| 896 | Dalabon | *pon |
| 897 | goanna sp. | *pongka |
| 898 | wattle sp. | *pongka |
| 899 | finished | *pony |
| 900 | now | *ponyi |
| 901 | to smell | *pop- |
| 902 | track | *pork |
| 903 | to turn around | *porlet- |
| 904 | water python | *porlokko |
| 905 | tree | *porloq |
| 906 | brolga | *pornorrong |
| 907 | woomera | *pornrtok |
| 908 | to snore | *porr(q)- |
| 909 | tree sp. | *portokorr |
| 910 | to cross | *portop |
| 911 | fly, native bee | *pot |
| 912 | green ant | *potparng |
| 913 | flat country, floodplain | *powk |
| 914 | to shout out; to show; to tell, to recount | *poyq- |
| 915 | velvet-tailed gecko | *poywek |
| 916 | to smoke (intr) | *puc- |
| 917 | fish sp. | *pucce/iq |
| 918 | to spin, to twist | *pucuq- |
| 919 | to dry up | *puk- |
| 920 | to show | *puk- |
| 921 | only | *-pukiq |
| 922 | dream | *pukirri ~ *pukurr |
| 923 | pheasant | *pukpuk |
| 924 | to bury | *pul- |
| 925 | paperbark sp. | *pul(p)pul |
| 926 | eagle | *pulccan |
| 927 | really, very | *pulkkic |
| 928 | middle | *pulkku |
| 929 | white plum | *pulme/u |
| 930 | numb; to have cramps | *pulut- |
| 931 | small black ant sp. | *pum/ng |
| 932 | ghost bat | *pumapuma |
| 933 | plant sp. | *punparr |
| 934 | file snake | *punupun |
| 935 | clump of bamboo; Bambusa arnhemica | *-puny |
| 936 | lizard sp. | *punyciny/ng |
| 937 | to kiss | *punyq- |
| 938 | to blow | *puq- |
| 939 | to make | *pura- |
| 940 | boomerang | *puran |
| 941 | water goanna | *purarr |
| 942 | ashes | *purlnguq |
| 943 | feather | *purluk |
| 944 | ankle; kneecap | *purn |
| 945 | lily | *purppa |
| 946 | to swell | *purq- |
| 947 | to know | *purrk-na- |
| 948 | to slap one’s thighs | *purrq- |
| 949 | snake sp. | *purrukulu |
| 950 | turtle sp. | *purrunganti |
| 951 | scabies | *purruppurru |
| 952 | close | *purrupurruq |
| 953 | Cassytha filiformis | *purrurnpurrurn |
| 954 | water python | *purrurtci |
| 955 | Xanthostemon paradoxus | *purt/lu |
| 956 | plant sp. | *purta |
| 957 | armpit sweat | *putca ~ *purtca |
| 958 | tree sp. - Brachychiton diversifolium | *putput |
| 959 | smell | *puy- |
| 960 | to singe | *puyppuy- |
| 961 | camp | *rak |
| 962 | paperbark | *rakkalaq |
| 963 | red-eyed pigeon | *rakul |
| 964 | male | *rangem |
| 965 | to paint | *rarrk- |
| 966 | again | *rawoyq- |
| 967 | flesh | *ray |
| 968 | camp | *rerr |
| 969 | tooth | *-retmV |
| 970 | to dodge spears | *ro(ng)-ma- |
| 971 | pandanus | *rok |
| 972 | to move | *ro-ka- |
| 973 | level, even; same | *roqrok |
| 974 | all | *rowk |
| 975 | scrub; grass [generic] | *rul/rlk |
| 976 | Torresian imperial pigeon | *rumuq |
| 977 | ridge; blacksoil area; grass used in corroborees | *ruwurr |
| 978 | kidney | *T/rterpat/rt |
| 979 | pelvis | *-Tak |
| 980 | to float | *Tal/rl-ka- |
| 981 | sand goanna | *Talak |
| 982 | daytime | *Talkkan |
| 983 | to kick | *Talq- |
| 984 | to pound | *Talq- |
| 985 | mushroom | *Tamtam |
| 986 | to click tongue | *Tangq- |
| 987 | spear type | *Tany |
| 988 | to spear | *Tany-pu- |
| 989 | to cut | *Tanyq- |
| 990 | to close | *Tap- |
| 991 | to stick | *Tap- |
| 992 | block tobacco | *Tapi |
| 993 | across | *Tarawq |
| 994 | white; turtle with white and yellow head bands | *-Tark |
| 995 | to clap clapsticks | *Tarlq- |
| 996 | lizard sp. | *Tarnrtamarra |
| 997 | black cockatoo | *Tarrapiya |
| 998 | black-headed goanna | *Tarrarra |
| 999 | Phragmites | *Tarrin |
| 1000 | honey | *Tarta |
| 1001 | good | *-Tek |
| 1002 | to move | *Tel/rrep/q- |
| 1003 | to pinch | *Teq- |
| 1004 | strong | *Terqrter |
| 1005 | red apple | *Terreneq |
| 1006 | to attach to | *Terreng- |
| 1007 | to crawl | *Terreq- |
| 1008 | to tie | *Terrqpa |
| 1009 | plover | *Tetterran |
| 1010 | parrot sp. | *Tettet ~ *Letlet |
| 1011 | white | *Tew(o)(q) |
| 1012 | dollar bird | *Tewtew |
| 1013 | yam sp. | *Tickala(ng) |
| 1014 | yam sp. | *Tickanku |
| 1015 | sharp edge, to carve | *Tilk- |
| 1016 | to paint | *Tilq- |
| 1017 | fish sp.; water insect with long whiskers | *Timin/nytimin/ny |
| 1018 | cicada sp. | *Tinirtini |
| 1019 | to itch | *Tiqtiri(ny)- |
| 1020 | peewee | *Tirlkrtirlk |
| 1021 | holey | *Tirnrtirn |
| 1022 | tree sp. | *Tirringkil |
| 1023 | to be tight, to get stuck | *Tirrp- |
| 1024 | moon; moon snake | *Tirt |
| 1025 | wedge-tailed eagle | *Tiwana |
| 1026 | semen | *To/uk |
| 1027 | to line up | *Tolktolk- |
| 1028 | to cover | *Tolom-pu- |
| 1029 | to break, to snap (tr); to burst | *Tolq- |
| 1030 | crooked | *Tong/ny |
| 1031 | in a line | *Tonko |
| 1032 | heart, stomach, viscera | *Tor |
| 1033 | tree sp. | *Torok |
| 1034 | rock wallaby | *Torriya |
| 1035 | tree sp. | *Torrokkorl |
| 1036 | to dry up | *Torroq- |
| 1037 | to pull | *Torrorrq- |
| 1038 | louse | *Tort |
| 1039 | to go down | *Tortoq- |
| 1040 | MoMoMo; MoBrSoC | *Totoyq |
| 1041 | shallow | *Totto |
| 1042 | to burst | *Towk- |
| 1043 | to tie | *Tuk- |
| 1044 | large mussel | *Tukpu |
| 1045 | ring-tailed possum | *Tukula |
| 1046 | to lie down | *Tul |
| 1047 | branches used as camouflage | *Tulq |
| 1048 | to burn | *Tulq- |
| 1049 | bony bream | *Tulukkurr |
| 1050 | eye | *-Tum |
| 1051 | asleep | *Tum-ke(k)ka |
| 1052 | tears | *Tum-mira |
| 1053 | to open eye | *Tum-pay(ngq)- |
| 1054 | to snap | *Tumurrq- |
| 1055 | cave | *Tun ~ *Lun |
| 1056 | to beat (of the heart) | *Tup- |
| 1057 | to sit down | *Tup |
| 1058 | Leichhardt tree | *Tupal |
| 1059 | hollow | *Tuppun |
| 1060 | bird sp. | *Turic |
| 1061 | string | *Turn |
| 1062 | to sit | *Turq- |
| 1063 | to poke | *Turrp |
| 1064 | small wallaby sp. | *Tuwat |
| 1065 | tobacco | *th/campakku |
| 1066 | small | *thakku |
| 1067 | green tree frog | *thakparrarraq |
| 1068 | mouth | *-thala |
| 1069 | sand | *thampur |
| 1070 | to block | *thamq- |
| 1071 | grass | *thamul(ng) |
| 1072 | tree sp. | *thangkiq |
| 1073 | meat | *thangku |
| 1074 | tree | *thantaq |
| 1075 | pandanus mat | *tharnrtiyaq |
| 1076 | thigh, leg (Proto-Pama-Nyungan *DHarra ‘thigh’) | *-tharr |
| 1077 | yesterday | *thathaparngq |
| 1078 | waterlily | *thattam |
| 1079 | country | *thawal |
| 1080 | now | *thawaq |
| 1081 | beard | *thawarrak |
| 1082 | clan | *thaworro |
| 1083 | urine | *thele |
| 1084 | tongue | *thelng |
| 1085 | foot | *thenge |
| 1086 | woman | *thingq |
| 1087 | liver (Proto-Pama-Nyungan DHiba) | *thiw |
| 1088 | to extinguish | *thom-pu- |
| 1089 | quinine brush | *thorrowq |
| 1090 | father-in-law | *thoy |
| 1091 | Acacia holosericea | *thukkul |
| 1092 | corroboree | *thulu |
| 1093 | Long Tom fish | *thumpi |
| 1094 | waist | *thumu |
| 1095 | Canthium attenuatum, Exocarpos latifolius | *thumuk |
| 1096 | bloodwood | *thumurluk |
| 1097 | bandicoot | *thungkaq |
| 1098 | pigeon sp. | *T(h)apparr |
| 1099 | egg | *T(h)apu |
| 1100 | king brown snake | *T(h)atpe |
| 1101 | pandanus | *T(h)ayarr |
| 1102 | white ochre | *T(h)elek |
| 1103 | ant sp. | *T(h)ettel |
| 1104 | fish sp. | *T(h)olppo |
| 1105 | hill | *T(h)ulum |
| 1106 | to spear | *T(h)ulu-pu- |
| 1107 | beetle sp. | *T(h)umtum |
| 1108 | really | *-T(h)uniny |
| 1109 | camp | *wa(t)ta |
| 1110 | both | *wac- |
| 1111 | goanna sp. | *waccurnrtu |
| 1112 | wrong marriage | *waciwaci |
| 1113 | water | *wak |
| 1114 | fishing line | *wakkic |
| 1115 | crow | *wakwak |
| 1116 | smoke | *wal |
| 1117 | hot | *-walak |
| 1118 | south | *walam |
| 1119 | forehead | *walama |
| 1120 | fishnet | *walapi |
| 1121 | little | *walk |
| 1122 | to hang | *walngq- |
| 1123 | bustard | *walppurrungku |
| 1124 | to fly away | *walqwal- |
| 1125 | lizard sp. | *walwalngurru |
| 1126 | honey | *wam |
| 1127 | turtle | *wamarra |
| 1128 | wallaby sp. | *wanarr |
| 1129 | meat | *wang |
| 1130 | to half-cook | *wanga/erre- |
| 1131 | one | *wangkinyq |
| 1132 | sorcery objects | *wangpol |
| 1133 | armpit | *-wany |
| 1134 | like that | *wany |
| 1135 | like | *-wanykiq |
| 1136 | spirit | *waral |
| 1137 | snake sp. | *waran |
| 1138 | to travel | *warawat |
| 1139 | guardian; someone owing a debt to opposite moiety, initiate to ceremony | *ware |
| 1140 | to hide | *warl(k)- |
| 1141 | tree sp. | *warlan |
| 1142 | bat sp. | *warlang |
| 1143 | wide | *warlaq |
| 1144 | to wash | *warlarrk- |
| 1145 | to cook in ashes | *warlat-pu |
| 1146 | initiate | *warling |
| 1147 | hot weather | *warlirr |
| 1148 | to enter | *warlk- |
| 1149 | fish sp. | *warlkkarra |
| 1150 | elbow; feather, wing | *warlmu/orr |
| 1151 | to open | *warlng |
| 1152 | pubic tassle | *warlppurr |
| 1153 | to go around | *warluk- |
| 1154 | vine sp. - Cynanchum pedunculatum | *warnpek |
| 1155 | track | *warnrta |
| 1156 | tree sp. | *warnwarn |
| 1157 | to toss | *warow- |
| 1158 | to sing (tr) | *war-pu- |
| 1159 | to swim | *warr- |
| 1160 | bad | *warr(a) |
| 1161 | turtle sp. | *warracan |
| 1162 | leaves for rubbing corpse | *warrarlarla |
| 1163 | plain | *warrarra |
| 1164 | fighting stick | *warrawarra |
| 1165 | to walkabout | *warrcaq- |
| 1166 | child | *warri |
| 1167 | to go bad | *warri- |
| 1168 | now; quickly | *warrikku |
| 1169 | plant sp.; Exocarpos latifolus; lemon grass | *warrinycalan |
| 1170 | boomerang | *warrirtila |
| 1171 | butcherbird | *warrkcirt |
| 1172 | ant sp. | *warrkwarrk |
| 1173 | anyway | *warrmpaya |
| 1174 | to be many | *warrp |
| 1175 | to tell a lie | *warrp- |
| 1176 | to lift | *warrq- |
| 1177 | to sift | *wartap- |
| 1178 | tree sp. | *wartapic |
| 1179 | to skin | *wart-pu- |
| 1180 | to finish | *wat- |
| 1181 | Grevillea pteridifolia | *watpar |
| 1182 | ? to move a body part | *way(q)- |
| 1183 | to light a fire | *wayalq- |
| 1184 | temporal suffix | *-wayen |
| 1185 | to sing | *wayini- |
| 1186 | high | *waykkan |
| 1187 | to lift | *wayq- |
| 1188 | and all | *waywo |
| 1189 | to fall | *way-yi- |
| 1190 | MM | *wecci |
| 1191 | wing | *wel |
| 1192 | parrot sp. | *wel/rrec/y |
| 1193 | successful hunter | *welang |
| 1194 | to swallow | *welek- |
| 1195 | firestick | *welkmo |
| 1196 | rainbow fish | *werec |
| 1197 | to vomit | *werq- |
| 1198 | to sing (tr) | *werreny-pu- |
| 1199 | bark | *werrk |
| 1200 | white | *werrkwerrk |
| 1201 | yam sp. | *wetperr |
| 1202 | skin | *-wik |
| 1203 | bird sp. | *wikwik |
| 1204 | to take out | *wilk- |
| 1205 | freshwater | *-winyku |
| 1206 | possum | *wirik |
| 1207 | hard, strong; narrow | *-wirlang |
| 1208 | bird sp. | *wirliqwirliq |
| 1209 | wire spear | *wirlmurr |
| 1210 | turtle sp. | *wirni |
| 1211 | bird sp. | *wirnwirn |
| 1212 | different | *-wirra/ung |
| 1213 | long, ceremony; dreaming | *wirriciq |
| 1214 | to turn | wirriny |
| 1215 | to remove | *wirriq- |
| 1216 | bird sp.; rainbow bee-eater; kingfisher; whipbirds | *wirritwirrit |
| 1217 | black-faced cuckooshrike | *wirriwirriyak |
| 1218 | properly | *-wirru |
| 1219 | to go red (of sunset) | *wirrwirr- |
| 1220 | to whistle | *wirt- |
| 1221 | plant sp. | *wirtu |
| 1222 | to wag tail | *witi(ny)witi(ny)- |
| 1223 | log | *woc |
| 1224 | to steal | *woc- |
| 1225 | lungs | *woccal |
| 1226 | female euro | *wolerrk |
| 1227 | lightweight | *wompan |
| 1228 | female | *-won |
| 1229 | to leave | *wonga- |
| 1230 | urine | *wor(c) |
| 1231 | cockroach | *wor(o)cwor(o)c |
| 1232 | grass sp. | *worrongomolo |
| 1233 | blowfly | *worrorlorl |
| 1234 | to jump | *worrowk- |
| 1235 | belly | *worrq |
| 1236 | to chase | *worrumpok-ka- |
| 1237 | to fish | *woyk- |
| 1238 | to dive in | *woyqwoy- |
| 1239 | black plum | *wucal |
| 1240 | frog sp. | *wukkara |
| 1241 | to bathe | *wul/rlup- |
| 1242 | sibling | *wulkan |
| 1243 | all the time | *wulung-munguyq |
| 1244 | possum sp. | *wumpu |
| 1245 | shadow | *wungurr |
| 1246 | to burn | *wurlq- |
| 1247 | belly | *wurr |
| 1248 | to be noisy | *wurr- |
| 1249 | desert, black soil plain | *-wurray |
| 1250 | bushfire | *wurrk |
| 1251 | old people | *wurrqwurrungu |
| 1252 | to shake, to feel giddy | *wurrwurr |
| 1253 | child | *wurt |
| 1254 | catfish sp. | *wutpa |
| 1255 | hungry | *-wuyang |
| 1256 | went | *yacang |
| 1257 | nothing | *yakki |
| 1258 | dillybag | *yakko |
| 1259 | pandanus | *yakngarra |
| 1260 | termite | *yalang |
| 1261 | turtle sp. | *yalpuyalpu |
| 1262 | to spear | *ya-ma- |
| 1263 | tooth | *yama/errk |
| 1264 | grasshopper sp. | *yamic |
| 1265 | collective | *-yan |
| 1266 | language | *yang |
| 1267 | sister | *yapok |
| 1268 | two | *yappanq |
| 1269 | rubbish | *-yarkyark |
| 1270 | to disperse | *yarlarr- |
| 1271 | bee sp. | *-yarlk |
| 1272 | dillybag | *yarlkkic |
| 1273 | to follow behind, to hop like a kangaroo; to scurry, to scuttle | *yarlqyarl- |
| 1274 | yabby | *yarr |
| 1275 | song style | *yarra/inti |
| 1276 | tree sp. | *yarracan |
| 1277 | child | *yaw- |
| 1278 | exclamation | *-yaw |
| 1279 | to rustle | *yawarr- |
| 1280 | girl | *yawk |
| 1281 | yam sp. | *yawok |
| 1282 | snake sp. | *yawurral |
| 1283 | young man | *yawurriny |
| 1284 | to itch | *yay- |
| 1285 | cold weather | *yekke |
| 1286 | large muscle on leg, flesh | *-yel |
| 1287 | hole | *yele |
| 1288 | yet, slow | *yelek |
| 1289 | termite | *yenyenq |
| 1290 | to be ashamed | *yer- |
| 1291 | bird sp.; mopoke; kite | *yerr/riny |
| 1292 | armlets | *yerrel |
| 1293 | to pick up | *yi-ka- |
| 1294 | happy; alive; gumption | *yilk |
| 1295 | to have a tickle in the throat | *yilyil- |
| 1296 | to set | *yip- |
| 1297 | dillybag | *yipalirr |
| 1298 | eyebrow | *yipitcipit |
| 1299 | poison song | *yira |
| 1300 | to strip off | *yirr- |
| 1301 | owl sp. | *yirramparn |
| 1302 | to pull, to drag | *yirriny-ka- |
| 1303 | water rat | *yirrkkup |
| 1304 | tree sp. | *yirrppiny |
| 1305 | to pull | *yirrq- |
| 1306 | to go a long way | *yoc- |
| 1307 | to narrate, to tell a story; to recount; to converse | *yolkyolk- |
| 1308 | feeling | *yolq |
| 1309 | to talk | *yolyol- |
| 1310 | tendon | *-yon |
| 1311 | ground | *yony |
| 1312 | to talk about | *yorn- |
| 1313 | ahead, front | *yungkay |
| 1314 | lightning; rain; Leichhardt's grasshopper [seen in wet season] | *yurr |
| 1315 | to share | *yurr- |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Harvey, Mark. 2003. An initial reconstruction of Proto Gunwinyguan phonology. In Evans, Nicholas (ed.), The non-Pama-Nyungan languages of northern Australia: comparative studies of the continent's most linguistically complex region, 205-268. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
| Vocabulary lists of Indo-Pacific languages |
|---|
| Papuan |
|
p-Trans-New Guinea • p-Northern Adelbert • p-Sogeram • Bayono-Awbono • Paniai Lakes • Kolopom • Bulaka River • Pauwasi • p-South Bougainville • p-Lower Sepik • p-Watam-Awar-Gamay • p-Lakes Plain • p-North Halmahera • p-Timor-Alor-Pantar • p-Alor-Pantar • Tayap • Massep |
| Australian |
|
North Australian (basic) • p-Nyulnyulan • p-Mirndi • p-Gunwinyguan • Limilngan • Umbugarla • Minkin • Tiwi • Malak-Malak • Pama-Nyungan • p-Pama-Nyungan • p-Arandic • p-Thura-Yura • p-Ngayarda |
| Others |
|
p-Dravidian • Dravidian • Kusunda • Nihali • Kenaboi • p-Ongan |