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舊

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 旧
舊 U+820A, 舊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-820A
← 舉
[U+8209] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 舋 →
[U+820B]

Translingual

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Japanese 旧
Simplified 旧
Traditional 舊

Han character

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舊 (Kangxi radical 134, 臼+12 in traditional Chinese, 臼+11 in mainland China, Japanese and Korean, 18 strokes in traditional Chinese, 17 strokes in mainland China and Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 廿人土難 (TOGX), four-corner 44777, composition ⿱雈臼(HT) or ⿱萑臼(GJKV))

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1006, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30249
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1462, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3043, character 18
  • Unihan data for U+820A

Chinese

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trad. 舊
simp. 旧*
alternative forms 𦾔 calligraphic
𫡹 Bronze inscription

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 舊
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (臼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
臼 *ɡuʔ
齨 *ɡuʔ
桕 *ɡuʔ
舅 *ɡuʔ
舊 *ɡʷɯs
匶 *ɡʷɯs
閰 *kuɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡʷɯs) : semantic 雈 (“owl”) + phonetic 臼 (OC *ɡuʔ).

Originally refers to a type of owl; later borrowed for a homophonous word meaning "old." The upper portion frequently appears as 萑 (a type of grass).

Etymology 1

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Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)əw-n (“elder brother; senior male relative”), which is also compared to 舅 (OC *ɡuʔ, “maternal uncle”), 昆 (OC *kuːn, “elder brother”) (Sagart, 1999; STEDT).

Baxter and Sagart (2014) compares it to 久 (OC *[k]ʷəʔ). See there for more.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • gô - vernacular;
  • gêu - literary.
Note:
  • kū - vernacular;
  • kiū - literary.
Note:
  • jiou5 - vernacular;
  • jiou4 - literary.
    Rime
    Character 舊
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 群 (30)
    Final (韻) 尤 (136)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 巨救切
    Baxter gjuwH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɡɨuH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɡiuH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɡiəuH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/guwH/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɡiuH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɡĭəuH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/gi̯ə̯uH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiù
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gau6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 舊
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jiù
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ gjuwH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*N-kʷəʔ-s/
    English old

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 舊
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6981
    Phonetic
    component         		臼
    Rime
    group         		之
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		舊
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɡʷɯs/

    Definitions

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    舊

    1. old; former; past
      Antonym: 新 (xīn)
      舊思想／旧思想  ―  jiù sīxiǎng  ―  old way of thinking
      他重獲舊職。／他重获旧职。  ―  Tā chónghuò jiù zhí.  ―  He got his former job back.
      你的新房子和你的舊房子比起來怎樣？ [MSC, trad.]
      你的新房子和你的旧房子比起来怎样？ [MSC, simp.]
      Nǐ de xīn fángzǐ hé nǐ de jiù fángzǐ bǐ qǐlái zěnyàng? [Pinyin]
      How does your new house compare with your old one?
    2. old; used; worn
      地毯舊了，但還能用。 [MSC, trad.]
      地毯旧了，但还能用。 [MSC, simp.]
      Dìtǎn jiù le, dàn hái néng yòng. [Pinyin]
      The carpet is worn but still serviceable.
      我在閣樓上有好幾箱舊衣服。 [MSC, trad.]
      我在阁楼上有好几箱旧衣服。 [MSC, simp.]
      Wǒ zài gélóu shàng yǒu hǎojǐ xiāng jiù yīfú. [Pinyin]
      I've got boxes of old clothes in the attic.
    3. former; once-existing
      舊熱河省／旧热河省  ―  jiù Rèhé shěng  ―  the former Rehe province
    4. old friend or friendship, or things in the past
      故舊／故旧  ―  gùjiù  ―  old friend
      懷舊／怀旧  ―  huáijiù  ―  to be nostalgic for the past
      念舊／念旧  ―  niànjiù  ―  to cherish old friendships
    5. (dialectal) last; previous
      舊年／旧年 [Cantonese]  ―  gau6 nin4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  last year
      舊擺／旧摆 [Hokkien]  ―  kū-pái [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  last time
    Synonyms
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    • 老 (lǎo, “old; aged”)
    Antonyms
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    • 新 (xīn, “new”)

    Compounds

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    Etymology 2

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    For pronunciation and definitions of 舊 – see 嚿 (“hundred dollars/yuan; etc.”).
    (This character is a variant form of 嚿).

    References

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    Japanese

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    Shinjitai

    		旧

    Kyūjitai

    		舊

    Kanji

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    舊

    (Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 旧)

    1. old

    Readings

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    Definitions

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    Kanji in this term
    舊
    きゅう
    Hyōgai
    kan'on
    Kanji in this term
    舊
    ふる
    Hyōgai
    kun'yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 舊 – see the following entry.
    【旧】5
    [kanji] fifth grade kanji
    Kanji reading:
    ぐ, きゅう, く, ふるい, もと
    (This term, 舊, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

    Korean

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    Hanja

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    舊 (eumhun 예 구 (ye gu))

    1. hanja form? of 구 (“former”)

    Compounds

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    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    舊: Hán Nôm readings: cựu, lâu

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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