previous

English

Alternative forms

• prævious (archaic)

Etymology

From Latin praevius.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹi.vi.əs/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹiː.vɪəs/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Adjective

previous (comparative more previous, superlative most previous)

1. (not comparable) Prior; occurring before something else, either in time or order.

   He is no better than the previous Prime Minister.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, “Foreword”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

     He stood transfixed before the unaccustomed view of London at night time, a vast panorama which reminded him […] of some wood engravings far off and magical, in a printshop in his childhood. They dated from the previous century and were coarsely printed on tinted paper, with tinsel outlining the design.

2. (informal) Premature; acting or occurring too soon.
   • 2010, Gerald Lynch, Roughnecks, Drillers, and Tool Pushers:

     I was a bit previous it turned out, as I worked short-handed for ten days before I could find another hand.

Synonyms

• foregoing
• former
• late
• old
• See also Thesaurus:former

Antonyms

• future
• following
• next
• succeeding

Derived terms

• ignore all previous instructions
• previous examination
• previous question
• previous to
• previously

• previously disadvantaged

• previousness

Translations

prior

• Arabic: سَابِق (sābiq)

  Egyptian Arabic: قبل (ʔabl)

• Armenian: նախորդ (hy) (naxord)
• Asturian: previu, anterior (ast)
• Azerbaijani: ötən (az) (of time units), keçən (of time units), keçmiş (az)
• Belarusian: міну́лы (minúly), папярэ́дні (papjarédni)
• Bengali: সাবেক (bn) (śabek)
• Bulgarian: предишен (bg) (predišen)
• Burmese: အလျင် (my) (a.lyang)
• Catalan: previ, anterior (ca)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: ^{(please verify)} 前一個 / 前一个 (cin⁴ jat¹ go³), ^{(please verify)} 上個 / 上个 (soeng⁶ go³)

  Mandarin: 以前的 (yǐqián de), ^{(please verify)} 前一個 / 前一个 (qián yīge), 上 (shàng)

• Czech: předchozí (cs) m
• Danish: foregående, forrige (da)
• Dutch: vorig (nl)
• Esperanto: antaŭa
• Finnish: edellinen (fi), aikaisempi (fi), aiempi (fi)
• French: précédent (fr)
• Galician: previo, anterior (gl)
• German: vorhergehend (de)
• Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍃 (fairns)
• Greek: προηγούμενος (el) m (proïgoúmenos)
• Hebrew: קוֹדֵם m (qodém)
• Hindi: पिछला (hi) (pichlā)
• Hungarian: előző (hu), megelőző (hu)
• Ido: antea (io)
• Italian: previo (it)
• Japanese: 前の (ja) (まえの, mae no), 前 (ja) (ゼン, zen-)
• Khmer: មុន (km) (mun), បុព្វេ (km) (boppei)
• Korean: 이전의 (ko) (ijeonui)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: پێشو (pêşu), ڕابردو (rabirdu)

• Lao: ກ່ອນ (kǭn), ບຸບເພ (bup phē), ກີ້ (lo) (kī)
• Latin: prior (la), antiquus (la)
• Lithuanian: ankstesnis
• Maori: tōmua
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: forrige, foregående

  Nynorsk: førre, føregåande

• Occitan: anterior (oc)
• Old English: forestapol
• Persian: پیشین (fa) (pišin)
• Polish: poprzedni (pl), ubiegły (pl)
• Portuguese: prévio (pt)
• Russian: предыду́щий (ru) (predydúščij), про́шлый (ru) (próšlyj)
• Spanish: previo (es), anterior (es)
• Swedish: förra (sv), föregående (sv)
• Thai: ก่อนหน้านี้, ก่อน (th) (gɔ̀ɔn), ที่แล้ว (tîi-lɛ́ɛo), เก่า (th) (gào), เดิม (th) (dəəm), กี้ (th) (gîi)
• Tibetan: སྔོན་མ (sngon ma)
• Turkish: önceki (tr)
• Ukrainian: попере́дній (poperédnij), мину́лий (uk) (mynúlyj)
• Urdu: پچھلا (pichlā)
• Vietnamese: qua (vi)
• Welsh: blaenorol (cy)

premature

• Bulgarian: прибързан (bg) (pribǎrzan)
• Catalan: prematur
• Dutch: voorbarig (nl)
• Persian: نابه هنگام (nâbehangâm)
• Polish: przedwczesny (pl)
• Swedish: tidig (sv)

Noun

previous (countable and uncountable, plural previouses)

1. (informal, UK) An existing criminal record (short for "previous convictions")

   Synonym: form

   It turned out the shoplifter had a lot of previous.

   • 1994, William J. Caunitz, Three complete novels: Black Sand; Suspects; One Police Plaza:

     Simmons had eight previouses: robberies, burglaries, a couple of felonious assaults.

2. (informal, UK) A track record of similar behaviour, especially bad behaviour.
   • November 2 2014, Daniel Taylor, “Sergio Agüero strike wins derby for Manchester City against 10-man United”, in guardian.co.uk‎^[1]:

     For that Smalling will have to do his time grazing in the scapegoat’s paddock because his contribution here supplied hard evidence of a player lacking the football intelligence that is needed at the highest level. He has previous on that front and it is difficult to find any mitigation for the way he scythed down James Milner when the first rule for a defender on a yellow card is not to dive in unless it is absolutely necessary.

   • 13 August 2023, Gerard Meagher, “Owen Farrell’s red card likely to put England’s World Cup plans in disarray”, in theguardian.com‎^[2]:

     Mitigation will be limited given his previous and as he has already attended tackle school he cannot return.

3. (informal, UK) A record of previous hostility or conflict (between people).

   The two players refused to shake hands — there's a bit of previous there.

Anagrams

• pervious, viperous