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揭

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 掲
揭 U+63ED, 揭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63ED
← 揬
[U+63EC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 揮 →
[U+63EE]

Translingual

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Han character

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揭 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手日心女 (QAPV), four-corner 56027, composition ⿰扌曷)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 444, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12389
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1916, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+63ED

Chinese

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trad. 揭
simp. # 揭
alternative forms
𢶆
𢷒
掲
拮
担
𢶆
𢷒
掲
拮
担
搩
 

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 揭
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (曷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
愒 *kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad
馤 *qaːds
靄 *qaːds, *qaːd
餲 *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd
喝 *qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd
揭 *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad
偈 *ɡrads, *ɡrad
猲 *kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad
葛 *kaːd
輵 *kaːd
獦 *klaːd, *rab
渴 *kʰaːd, *ɡrad
嵑 *kʰaːd
暍 *qʰaːd, *qad
曷 *ɡaːd
褐 *ɡaːd
鶡 *ɡaːd
毼 *ɡaːd
蝎 *ɡaːd
鞨 *ɡaːd, *ɢljad
遏 *qaːd
齃 *qaːd
堨 *qaːd
擖 *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb
楬 *kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad
朅 *kʰrad
藒 *kʰrad
竭 *ɡrad, *ɡad
碣 *ɡrad, *ɡad
羯 *kad
鍻 *kad
歇 *qʰad
蠍 *qʰad
謁 *qad

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 曷 (OC *ɡaːd).

Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Note:
  • Sixian:
    • kiet - literary;
    • yet - vernacular.
  • Meixian:
    • giad5 - literary;
    • iad5 - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 揭
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕie²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕiə²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕiə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiɛ²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕie¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕiə¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕiɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕie²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕie³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕie²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕiɛ³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕieʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕiɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕieʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕia⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕie²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕie²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕiɛʔ⁵/
/t͡ɕʰiɛʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /kiat̚¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰit̚³/
Nanning /kʰit̚³³/
Hong Kong /kʰit̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kiat̚³²/
/kiaʔ³²/
/giaʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kiɛʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kiɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kiaʔ²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kit̚⁵⁵/
/kia³³/
Rime
Character 揭 揭 揭 揭 揭
Reading # 2/6 3/6 4/6 5/6 6/6
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 群 (30) 群 (30) 溪 (29) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 月 (67) 月 (67) 薛 (83) 薛 (83) 薛 (83)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open Open Open
Division (等) III III III III III
Fanqie 居謁切 其謁切 渠列切 丘竭切 居列切
Baxter kjot gjot gjet khjet kjet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨɐt̚/ /ɡɨɐt̚/ /ɡˠiᴇt̚/ /kʰˠiᴇt̚/ /kˠiᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kiɐt̚/ /ɡiɐt̚/ /ɡᵚiɛt̚/ /kʰᵚiɛt̚/ /kᵚiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiɐt̚/ /ɡiɐt̚/ /ɡiæt̚/ /kʰiæt̚/ /kiæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kɨat̚/ /gɨat̚/ /giat̚/ /kʰiat̚/ /kiat̚/
Li
Rong 		/kiɐt̚/ /ɡiɐt̚/ /ɡjɛt̚/ /kʰjɛt̚/ /kjɛt̚/
Wang
Li 		/kĭɐt̚/ /ɡĭɐt̚/ /ɡĭɛt̚/ /kʰĭɛt̚/ /kĭɛt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kɨ̯ɐt̚/ /gɨ̯ɐt̚/ /gi̯ɛt̚/ /kʰi̯ɛt̚/ /ki̯ɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jie jié jié qie jie
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		git3 git6 git6 hit3 git3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 揭 揭 揭 揭
Reading # 1/5 2/5 4/5 5/5
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jiē jiē jiē jiē
Middle
Chinese 		‹ gjet › ‹ gjot › ‹ khjet › ‹ kjot ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-[k]<r>at/ /*m-[k]at/ /*[k]ʰ<r>at/ /*[k]at/
English lift, raise lift lift lift

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 揭 揭 揭 揭 揭
Reading # 2/6 3/6 4/6 5/6 6/6
No. 5046 5048 5054 5057 5062
Phonetic
component 		曷 曷 曷 曷 曷
Rime
group 		月 月 月 月 月
Rime
subdivision 		1 1 1 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		孑 朅 傑 𢷒
Old
Chinese 		/*ked/ /*kʰrad/ /*ɡrad/ /*kad/ /*ɡad/

Definitions

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揭

  1. to raise; to lift up
  2. to uncover; to unveil; to expose; to reveal
  3. to tear off; to take off
  4. a surname
Synonyms
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Compounds

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Note:
  • gig4 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai;
  • gêg4 - Jieyang.

    Definitions

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    揭

    1. Used in place names.

    Compounds

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    Etymology 3

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    Pronunciation

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    Note: hei3 - variant.
    Rime
    Character 揭
    Reading # 1/6
    Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
    Final (韻) 祭 (37)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 去例切
    Baxter khjejH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kʰˠiᴇiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kʰᵚiɛiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kʰiæiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kʰjiajH/
    Li
    Rong         		/kʰjɛiH/
    Wang
    Li         		/kʰĭɛiH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/kʰi̯ɛiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		qì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		hai3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 揭
    Reading # 3/5
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jiē
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ khjejH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[k]ʰ<r>at-s/
    English lift up one’s clothes

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 揭
    Reading # 1/6
    No. 5017
    Phonetic
    component         		曷
    Rime
    group         		祭
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		憩
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kʰrads/

    Definitions

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    揭

    1. to lift up one's clothes

    Etymology 4

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    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    揭

    1. ‡ to block up

    Etymology 5

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    For pronunciation and definitions of 揭 – see 攑 (“to lift; to lift; to hold up; to raise; etc.”).
    (This character is a variant form of 攑).

    Etymology 6

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    For pronunciation and definitions of 揭 – see 撠 (“to catch, to grasp; to touch; etc.”).
    (This character is a variant form of 撠).

    Japanese

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    Shinjitai

    		掲

    Kyūjitai

    		揭

    Kanji

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    揭

    (Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 掲)

    1. to raise
    2. to lift up

    Readings

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    • On (unclassified): けい (kei)、けつ (ketsu)
    • Kun: かかげる (kakageru, 揭げる)

    Korean

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    Etymology

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    From Middle Chinese 揭 (MC khjejH).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation

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    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ke̞(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [게(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja

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    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    揭 (eumhun 높이 들 게 (nopi deul ge))

    1. hanja form? of 게 (“to lift; to raise”)

    Compounds

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    Compounds

    References

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    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    揭: Hán Nôm readings: yết

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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