泡

泡 U+6CE1, 泡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CE1 ← 泠 [U+6CE0] CJK Unified Ideographs 波 → [U+6CE2]

Translingual

Han character

泡 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水心口山 (EPRU), four-corner 3711₂, composition ⿰氵包)

Derived characters

• 萢, 𬰀

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 617, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17307
• Dae Jaweon: page 1012, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1591, character 5
• Unihan data for U+6CE1

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 泡
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (勹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
袍	*buː
袌	*buː, *buːs
軳	*buː
抱	*buːʔ
勽	*buːs, *mɯnʔ
菢	*buːs
勹	*pruː
包	*pruː
胞	*pruː, *pʰruː
苞	*pruː
枹	*pruː, *bu, *bu
飽	*pruːʔ
泡	*pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː
炮	*pʰruːs, *bruː
皰	*pʰruːs, *bruːs
疱	*pʰruːs, *bruːs
跑	*bruː, *bruːɡ
咆	*bruː
庖	*bruː
匏	*bruː
刨	*bruː
狍	*bruː
炰	*bruː
鉋	*bruː, *bruːs
瓟	*bruː, *bruːɡ
颮	*bruː, *pʰruːɡ
鞄	*bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ
鮑	*bruːʔ
骲	*bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ
玸	*bu
雹	*bruːɡ
窇	*bruːɡ

Pronunciation 1

simp. and trad.		泡
alternative forms		脬 1–5 藨 6

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pāo (pao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): paau¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pao
    • Wade–Giles: pʻao¹
    • Yale: pāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pau
    • Palladius: пао (pao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: paau¹
    • Yale: pāau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: paau¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: pao¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːu̯⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: phaew, baew

Rime
Character	泡	泡
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	匹交切	薄交切
Baxter	phaew	baew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰˠau/	/bˠau/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰᵚau/	/bᵚau/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰau/	/bau/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰaɨw/	/baɨw/
Li Rong	/pʰau/	/bau/
Wang Li	/pʰau/	/bau/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pʰau/	/bʱau/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pāo	páo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	paau1	paau4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰruː/, /*bruː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泡	泡
Reading #	1/3	3/3
No.	278	296
Phonetic component	勹	勹
Rime group	幽	幽
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	胞	庖
Old Chinese	/*pʰruː/	/*bruː/

Definitions

泡

1. puffy, spongy, soft

   泡桐  ―  pāotóng  ―  Paulownia sp., a tree with very soft wood

2. puffy, spongy or soft object

   豆腐泡  ―  dòufupāo  ―  spongy tofu

3. bladder
4. small lake
5. Classifier for excreta.
6. Rubus sp.

   空心泡  ―  kōngxīnpāo  ―  Rubus rosifolius

7. Name of a river.

Pronunciation 2

simp. and trad.		泡

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pào (pao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pou⁵ / paau¹ / pok¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phau
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phā / phàu / phāu / pho

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pào
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pào
    • Wade–Giles: pʻao⁴
    • Yale: pàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paw
    • Palladius: пао (pao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑʊ̯⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pàor
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˋㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pàor
    • Wade–Giles: pʻao⁴-ʼrh
    • Yale: pàur
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pawl
    • Palladius: паор (paor)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: pou⁵ / paau¹ / pok¹
    • Yale: póuh / pāau / pōk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pou⁵ / paau¹ / pok⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: pou⁵ / pao¹ / pog¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰou̯¹³/, /pʰaːu̯⁵⁵/, /pʰɔːk̚⁵/

Note:

• pou5 - “bubble”;
• paau1 - “bulb”, e.g. 燈泡;
• pok1 - “blister”.

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phau
    • Hakka Romanization System: pau
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pau⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰau̯⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phā
    • Tâi-lô: phā
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pha
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰa⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰa²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phàu
    • Tâi-lô: phàu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phaux
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰau²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰau⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phāu
    • Tâi-lô: phāu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phau
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰau⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰau²²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pho
    • Tâi-lô: pho
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoy
    • IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei): /pʰo⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɤ⁴⁴/

Note:

• pho - etymologically unrelated, meaning “bubble; saliva”.

---

• Middle Chinese: phaew

Rime
Character	泡
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	匹交切
Baxter	phaew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰˠau/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰᵚau/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰau/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰaɨw/
Li Rong	/pʰau/
Wang Li	/pʰau/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pʰau/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	paau1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰruː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泡
Reading #	1/3
No.	278
Phonetic component	勹
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	胞
Old Chinese	/*pʰruː/

Definitions

泡

1. bubble
2. bubblelike or bulbous object
3. blister
4. (Taiwanese Hokkien) saliva; spit
5. (Wuhan Mandarin, Liannan Hakka) swim bladder

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 魚鰾 (“swim bladder”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		魚鰾, 鰾
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	魚尿脬
	Chifeng	魚脬, 魚尿脬
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	魚尿脬
	Harbin	魚泡兒
	Shenyang	魚泡
	Singapore	魚鰾
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	魚泡兒
	Tangshan	魚尿脬
	Cangzhou	魚尿包
	Baoding	魚尿脬
	Shijiazhuang	魚泡兒
	Jinan	魚泡, 魚飄
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	魚泡兒
	Qingdao	魚鰾兒
Central Plains Mandarin	Zhengzhou	魚尿脬
	Xi'an	魚脯兒
	Xining	魚尿脬, 魚漂兒
	Xuzhou	魚泡兒, 魚尿脬
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	魚泡, 魚泡兒
	Lanzhou	魚泡兒
	Ürümqi	魚泡兒
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	魚泡, 魚泡兒
	Chongqing	魚泡兒
	Wuhan	魚泡, 泡
	Guiyang	魚鰾, 魚脬
	Kunming	魚尿脬
	Guilin	魚泡
	Liuzhou	魚脬, 魚泡
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	魚泡泡, 魚脬兒
	Yangzhou	魚泡子, 魚脬
	Nantong	魚鰾, 魚泡
	Hefei	魚泡
Cantonese	Guangzhou	魚泡, 魚白
	Hong Kong	魚泡
	Macau	魚泡
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	魚泡
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	魚泡
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	魚泡
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	魚泡
	Foshan	魚泡
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	魚泡
	Foshan (Shunde)	魚泡
	Foshan (Sanshui)	魚泡
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	魚泡
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	魚泡
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	魚泡
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	魚泡
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	魚泡
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	魚泡
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	魚泡
	Taishan	魚泡
	Kaiping (Chikan)	魚泡
	Enping (Niujiang)	魚泡
	Heshan (Yayao)	魚泡
	Dongguan	魚泡
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	魚朵
Gan	Nanchang	魚泡
	Pingxiang	魚泡
Hakka	Meixian	魚泡仔, 魚泡
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	魚鰾
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	魚泡
	Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua)	魚白
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	魚鰾
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	魚泡
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	魚泡
	Wengyuan	魚鰾
	Liannan	泡
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	魚泡
	Jiexi	魚泡
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	魚泡
	Changting	魚泡哩
	Wuping (Yanqian)	魚泡
	Ninghua	魚泡
	Yudu	魚泡
	Ningdu	魚鰾
	Tonggu (Sandu)	魚泡
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	魚鰾
	Dayu	魚泡
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	魚泡
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	魚泡
	Xinyi (Sihe)	魚泡
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	魚泡
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	魚泡
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	魚泡
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	魚泡
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	魚泡
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	魚泡
	Mengshan (Xihe)	魚泡
	Luchuan	魚泡
Huizhou	Jixi	魚泡泡
Jin	Taiyuan	魚泡兒, 魚鰾
	Xinzhou	魚脬
	Linhe	魚泡
	Jining	魚泡
	Hohhot	魚泡兒
	Zhangjiakou	魚尿脬
	Handan	魚泡兒
Northern Min	Jian'ou	魚泡
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	魚膠
Southern Min	Xiamen	魚鰾
	Quanzhou	魚鰾
	Zhangzhou	魚鰾, 魚噗
	Tainan	魚鰾
	Singapore (Hokkien)	魚鰾
	Shantou	魚鰾
	Shantou (Chenghai)	魚鰾
	Haikou	魚鰾
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	魚泡
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	魚泡
Wu	Shanghai	魚泡泡
	Shanghai (Chongming)	魚泡
	Suzhou	魚鰾鰾
	Hangzhou	魚泡泡兒
	Ningbo	魚泡泡
	Wenzhou	魚膠, 膠
	Jinhua	魚泡
Xiang	Changsha	魚脬
	Loudi	魚脬

Pronunciation 3

simp. and trad.		泡
alternative forms		𣶐 to soak

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pào (pao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): paau³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phau
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phàu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pào
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pào
    • Wade–Giles: pʻao⁴
    • Yale: pàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paw
    • Palladius: пао (pao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: paau³
    • Yale: paau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: paau³
    • Guangdong Romanization: pao³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːu̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phau
    • Hakka Romanization System: pau
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pau⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰau̯⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phàu
    • Tâi-lô: phàu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phaux
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰau²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰau⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰau²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰau¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰau²¹/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*m̥ʰruːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泡
Reading #	2/3
No.	283
Phonetic component	勹
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	奅
Old Chinese	/*m̥ʰruːs/
Notes	𣶐後起字

Definitions

泡

1. to soak; to sit in water (or liquid)
2. to pour boiling water; to infuse; to brew (such as tea, instant soup, etc.)

   泡茶  ―  pàochá  ―  to make (infuse) tea

3. (informal) to pick up; to meet and seduce for romantic purposes

   泡妞  ―  pàoniū  ―  to pick up girls

Synonyms

• (to soak):

edit

• 浸
• 浸泡 (jìnpào)
• 浸漬 / 浸渍 (jìnzì)
• 浸潯 / 浸浔 (qīnyín) (literary)

 

Pronunciation 4

simp. and trad.		泡

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): páo (pao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): paau⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: páo
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: páo
    • Wade–Giles: pʻao²
    • Yale: páu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paur
    • Palladius: пао (pao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: paau⁴
    • Yale: pàauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: paau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pao⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːu̯²¹/

Definitions

泡

1. ^† abundant

Pronunciation 5

simp. and trad.		泡
alternative forms		啵

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phò

---

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phò
    • Tâi-lô: phò
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰo²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰo⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰo²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰo¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɤ²¹/

Definitions

泡

1. (Southern Min) light and crisp

Compounds

• 一泡
• 一泡子
• 充氣燈泡 / 充气灯泡
• 冒泡 (màopào)
• 冒泡兒 / 冒泡儿 (màopàor)
• 化為泡影 / 化为泡影 (huàwéi pàoyǐng)
• 卵泡
• 夢幻泡影 / 梦幻泡影
• 如法泡製 / 如法泡制
• 娘泡 (niángpào)
• 幻泡
• 打泡
• 本地泡 (Běndìpào)
• 氣泡 / 气泡 (qìpào)
• 氣泡室 / 气泡室
• 氣泡病 / 气泡病
• 水泡 (shuǐpào)
• 沖泡 / 冲泡 (chōngpào)
• 泡妞 (pàoniū)
• 泡幻
• 泡影 (pàoyǐng)
• 泡桐 (pāotóng)
• 泡棉
• 泡水
• 泡沫 (pàomò)
• 泡泡
• 泡沫劑 / 泡沫剂
• 泡沫塑膠 / 泡沫塑胶
• 泡沫橡膠 / 泡沫橡胶
• 泡沫水泥
• 泡沫浴
• 泡沫玻璃
• 泡泡糖 (pàopàotáng)
• 泡沫紅茶 / 泡沫红茶
• 泡沫經濟 / 泡沫经济 (pàomò jīngjì)
• 泡沫車 / 泡沫车
• 泡沫髮膠 / 泡沫发胶
• 泡湯 / 泡汤 (pàotāng)
• 泡漩
• 泡滾 / 泡滚
• 泡燈 / 泡灯
• 泡疹
• 泡病號 / 泡病号
• 泡磨菇
• 泡芙 (pàofú)
• 泡茶 (pàochá)
• 泡茶館 / 泡茶馆
• 泡菜 (pàocài)
• 泡蘑菇 (pào mógu)
• 泡螺
• 泡貨 / 泡货
• 泡飯 / 泡饭 (pàofàn)
• 泡麵 / 泡面 (pàomiàn)
• 泡麵哲學 / 泡面哲学
• 泡麵市場 / 泡面市场
• 浸泡 (jìnpào)
• 海泡石
• 液泡 (yèpào)
• 液泡膜
• 潦泡 (liáopào)
• 潦漿泡 / 潦浆泡
• 濾泡 / 滤泡
• 濾泡期 / 滤泡期
• 燈泡 / 灯泡 (dēngpào)
• 燎泡 (liáopào)
• 燎漿泡 / 燎浆泡
• 發泡成形 / 发泡成形
• 眼泡
• 美得冒泡
• 肉眼泡兒 / 肉眼泡儿
• 肺泡 (fèipào)
• 肥皂泡 (féizàopào)
• 豆泡 (dòupāo)
• 電燈泡 / 电灯泡 (diàndēngpào)

 

Japanese

Shinjitai	泡
Kyūjitai	泡󠄁 泡+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	泡󠄃 泡+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

泡

(Jōyō kanji)

1. bubbles

Readings

• Go-on: ひょう (hyō)^{←へう (feu, historical)}
• Kan-on: ほう (hō, Jōyō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
• Kun: あぶく (abuku, 泡)、あわ (awa, 泡, Jōyō)、うたかた (utakata, 泡)

Compounds

• 泡盛(あわもり) (awamori)
• 発泡酒(はっぽうしゅ) (happōshu)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
泡
あわ Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
沫

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE. From Proto-Japonic *awa.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) あわ [àwáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [a̠β̞a̠]

Noun

泡(あわ) • (awa) 

1. bubble
2. foam, head on carbonated beverages such as beer

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 泡 (MC phaew). Recorded as Middle Korean 포 (phwo) (Yale: pwo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

泡 (eumhun 거품 포 (geopum po))

1. hanja form^? of 포 (“bubbles”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 포말 (泡沫, pomal)
• 수포 (水泡, supo)
• 기포 (氣泡, gipo)
• 발포 (發泡, balpo)
• 발포제 (發泡劑, balpoje)
• 기포제 (起泡劑, gipoje)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Okinawan

Kanji

泡

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Kun: あー (ā, 泡)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
泡
あー Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
沫

Cognate with Japanese 泡 (awa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔaː/

Noun

泡(あー) (ā) 

1. bubbles
2. froth, foam

References

• “あー【泡・沫】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Vietnamese

Han character

泡: Hán Nôm readings: bàu, bảo, bào, bầu, phao

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.