刈

See also: 苅, xii, and XII

刈 U+5208, 刈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5208 ← 切 [U+5207] CJK Unified Ideographs 刉 → [U+5209]

Translingual

Han character

刈 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大中弓 (KLN), four-corner 4200₀, composition ⿰乂刂)

1. cut off, reap, mow
2. sickle

Derived characters

• 苅

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 136, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1859
• Dae Jaweon: page 307, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 323, character 7
• Unihan data for U+5208

Chinese

simp. and trad.		刈
alternative forms		乂 苅 艾 𠛄 𠚫 乂 苅 艾 𠛄 𠚫 𠛟

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
艾	*ŋaːds, *ŋads
鴱	*ŋaːds, *ŋads
餀	*hŋaːds
刈	*ŋads
乂	*ŋads

Originally written as 乂. Now phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋads) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : phonetic 乂 (OC *ŋads, “to mow”) + semantic 刂 (“knife”). The phonetic component originally indicates a sickle, hence it also adds part of the meaning.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ŋa-p (“to mow, cut, reap”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007).

Cognate with Tibetan རྔ་བ (rnga ba), བརྔས (brngas), and colloquial Western Tibetan རྔབ་བ (rngab ba), which Coblin (1986) and STEDT treat as more conservative.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaai⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ngāi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yì
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yì
    • Wade–Giles: i⁴
    • Yale: yì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
    • Palladius: и (i)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ngaai⁶
    • Yale: ngaaih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngaai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngai⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋaːi̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngāi
    • Tâi-lô: ngāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ngai
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ŋãi²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋãi⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋãi²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ŋãi³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋãi³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngjojH

Rime
Character	刈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	廢 (27)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚肺切
Baxter	ngjojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨɐiH/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiɐiH/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɐiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨajH/
Li Rong	/ŋiɐiH/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋa[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	刈
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjojH ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋa[t]-s/
English	mow, cut
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	刈
Reading #	1/1
No.	14956
Phonetic component	乂
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	刈
Old Chinese	/*ŋads/

Definitions

刈

1. to mow; to cut; to weed

   • 葛之覃兮、施于中谷。
     維葉莫莫、是刈是濩。
     為絺為綌、服之無斁。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     葛之覃兮、施于中谷。
     维叶莫莫、是刈是濩。
     为𫄨为绤、服之无𭣧。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Gě zhī tán xī, shī yú zhōnggǔ.
     Wéi yè mòmò, shì yì shì huò.
     Wèi chī wèi xì, fú zhī wúyì. [Pinyin]

     How the dolichos spread itself out, extending to the middle of the valley!
     Its leaves were luxuriant and dense. I cut it and I boiled it,
     And made both fine cloth and coarse, which I will wear without getting tired of it.

2. (obsolete) crops that have been cut

   • 一春違其農，二夏食其穀，三秋取其刈，四冬凍其葆。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     一春违其农，二夏食其谷，三秋取其刈，四冬冻其葆。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Lost Book of Zhou, circa 4^th – 1^st centuries BCE

     Yī chūn wéi qí nóng, èr xià shí qí gǔ, sān qiū qǔ qí yì, sì dōng dòng qí bǎo. [Pinyin]

     First, in spring encircle their farmlands; second, in summer eat their provisions; third, in autumn seize their harvests / crops, in winter expose their stores.

3. (literary) sickle

   • 時雨既至，挾其槍、刈、耨、鎛，以旦暮從事於田野。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     时雨既至，挟其枪、刈、耨、镈，以旦暮从事于田野。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Guoyu, circa 4^th century BCE

     Shíyǔ jì zhì, xié qí qiāng, yì, nòu, bó, yǐ dànmù cóngshì yú tiányě. [Pinyin]

     When the timely seasonal rain is just come, [they farmers] clasp their stakes, sickles, weeders, and hoes to work from dawn to dusk in the fields.

4. (literary) to kill; to chop; to lop
5. (literary) to eradicate; to eliminate
6. a surname

Compounds

• 刈包
• 刈蓍遺簪 / 刈蓍遗簪
• 刈鉤 / 刈钩
• 刈香
• 剷刈 / 铲刈
• 斬刈殺伐 / 斩刈杀伐

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 刈 – see 割 (“to cut; to cut off; to sever; to divide; to cut apart; to break up; to partition; to split; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 割).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

刈

(Jōyō kanji)

1. reap, cut (grass or other plants), prune

Readings

• Go-on: げ (ge)
• Kan-on: がい (gai)
• On: かい (kai)
• Kun: かる (karu, 刈る, Jōyō)
• Nanori: かっ (ka')

Compounds

• 刈(か)る (karu, “cut, mow, harvest”)
• 刈(か)り込(こ)む (karikomu, “cut, dress, prune”)
• 刈(か)り取(と)る (karitoru, “mow, reap, harvest”)
• 刈(か)り入(い)れ (kariire, “harvest”)
• 刈(か)り立(た)て (karitate, “new mown, newly cut”)
• 稲(いね)刈(か)り (inekari, “rice reaping”)
• 草(くさ)刈(か)り (kusakari, “mowing, mower”)
• 丸(まる)刈(が)り (marugari, “close clipping”)

Korean

Hanja

刈 (eumhun 깍을 예 (kkageul ye))

1. hanja form^? of 예 (“to mow”)

Compounds

• 예초기 (刈草機, yechogi, “grass mower”)

Vietnamese

Han character

刈: Hán Nôm readings: ngãi

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