lop

See also: Lop, løp, löp, lốp, and lớp

English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /lɒp/
Audio (General Australian): (file)
Rhymes: -ɒp
Audio (UK): (file)

Etymology 1

From Middle English loppe (“bough”); the verb is a back-formation from the noun.

Verb

lop (third-person singular simple present lops, present participle lopping, simple past and past participle lopped or lopt)

(transitive, usually with off) To cut off as the top or extreme part of anything, especially to prune a small limb off a shrub or tree, or sometimes to behead someone.
- 1742, Edward Young, The Complaint: or Night-Thoughts on Life, Death & Immortality, Night I:
  Some, for hard masters, broken under arms,
  In battle lopt away, with half their limbs,
  Beg bitter bread thro’ realms their valour sav’d,
To hang downward; to be pendent; to lean to one side.
To allow to hang down.
to lop the head

Synonyms

(to cut off): snead

Derived terms

Translations

cut off

Arabic: قَلَّمَ (ar) (qallama)
Bulgarian: кастря (bg) (kastrja), подрязвам (bg) (podrjazvam)
Czech: osekat pf, prořezat pf, prosekat pf
Galician: fanar, demoucar, decotar, podar (gl), moucar
Greek: κλαδεύω (el) (kladévo)
Hungarian: levág (hu), lenyes (hu), lecsíp (hu), levesz (hu)
Ido: rekortar (io)
Irish: meang
Latin: putō (la)
Maori: pōuto
Portuguese: podar (pt), cortar (pt)
Russian: обруба́ть (ru) n (obrubátʹ)
Spanish: podar (es), cortar (es), mochar (es)
Swedish: kvista (sv), avkvista
Turkish: budamak (tr)

Noun

lop (plural lops)

That which is lopped from anything, such as branches from a tree.
- 1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
  Why, we take,
  From every tree, lop, bark, and part o'the timber
- 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC:
  I ſhall not trouble you about the raiſing of them of Truncheons or Lops, because I could never find them to take; only ſometimes ſome of the ſmallest Suckers, when the Sap is newly ſtirring in them, if they are ſlipt off from the Tree, will grow

References

Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “lop”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Etymology 2

From Middle English loppe (“flea, spider”), from Old English loppe (“spider, silk-worm, flea”), from Proto-Germanic *luppǭ (“flea, sandflea", originally, "jumper”), from Proto-Germanic *luppijaną (“to jump, dart”). Cognate with Danish loppe (“flea”), Swedish loppa (“flea”). Compare also Middle High German lüpfen, lupfen (“to raise”, obsolete also “to rise”).

Noun

lop (plural lops)

(Geordie) A flea.
Hadway wi ye man, ye liftin wi lops.
- 1651, John Cleveland, “The Hue and Cry after Sir John Presbiter”, in Poems:
  Lice, That's nick name to the stuff called Lops

Derived terms

fit as a lop

References

Frank Graham, editor (1987), “LOP”, in The New Geordie Dictionary, Rothbury, Northumberland: Butler Publishing, →ISBN.
Bill Griffiths, editor (2004), “lop”, in A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear: Northumbria University Press, →ISBN.
“lop”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “lop”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Scott Dobson, Dick Irwin “lop”, in Newcastle 1970s: Durham & Tyneside Dialect Group‎^[1], archived from the original on 2024-09-05.
Northumberland Words, English Dialect Society, R. Oliver Heslop, 1893–4
“Lop”, in Palgrave’s Word List: Durham & Tyneside Dialect Group‎^[2], archived from the original on 2024-09-05, from F[rancis] M[ilnes] T[emple] Palgrave, A List of Words and Phrases in Everyday Use by the Natives of Hetton-le-Hole in the County of Durham […] (Publications of the English Dialect Society; 74), London: Published for the English Dialect Society by Henry Frowde, Oxford University Press, 1896, →OCLC.
Todd's Geordie Words and Phrases, George Todd, Newcastle, 1977[3]

Etymology 3

Back-formation from lopsided.

Noun

lop (plural lops)

(US, dated, slang) (usually offensive) A disabled person, a cripple.
- 1935, Rex Stout, The League of Frightened Men, page 5:
  "He's a lop; it mentions here about his getting up to the stand with his crippled leg but it doesn't say which one."
Any of several breeds of rabbits whose ears lie flat.

Anagrams

Pol., POL, PLO, pol, OLP, LPO

A-Pucikwar

Etymology

From Proto-Great Andamanese *lap.

Verb

lop

to count

References

Juliette Blevins, Linguistic clues to Andamanese pre-history: Understanding the North-South divide, pg. 21 (2009)

Franco-Provençal

Franco-Provençal Wikipedia has an article on:

lop

Wikipedia ^frp

Alternative forms

lo (Old Dauphinois)

Etymology

Inherited from Latin lupus.

Noun

lop m (plural lops) (ORB, broad)

wolf

References

loup in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
lop in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

Further information

AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 434: “il lupo” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
ALF: Atlas Linguistique de la France^[4] [Linguistic Atlas of France] – map 783: “loup” – on lig-tdcge.imag.fr
Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “lŭpus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 457

Hungarian

Etymology

Of unknown origin. First attested around 1519. Another possible citing as a proper noun in 1086 is also mentioned.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈlop]
Rhymes: -op

Verb

lop

(transitive) to steal, to shoplift (from someone -tól/-től)
Másoktól lop ötleteket. ― He/she steals ideas from others.

Synonyms: (slang) csór, lenyúl, meglovasít, megfúj, (literary) oroz, (formal) eltulajdonít, (euphemistic, informal) elemel

Perfective: ellop

Conjugation

conjugation of lop

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	lopok	lopsz	lop	lopunk	loptok	lopnak
		Def.	lopom	lopod	lopja	lopjuk	lopjátok	lopják
		2nd-p. o.	loplak	―
	Past	Indef.	loptam	loptál	lopott	loptunk	loptatok	loptak
		Def.	loptam	loptad	lopta	loptuk	loptátok	lopták
		2nd-p. o.	loptalak	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. lopni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	lopék	lopál	lopa	lopánk	lopátok	lopának
		Def.	lopám	lopád	lopá	lopánk	lopátok	lopák
		2nd-p. o.	lopálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. lop vala, lopott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	lopandok	lopandasz	lopand	lopandunk	lopandotok	lopandanak
		Def.	lopandom	lopandod	lopandja	lopandjuk	lopandjátok	lopandják
		2nd-p. o.	lopandalak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	lopnék	lopnál	lopna	lopnánk	lopnátok	lopnának
		Def.	lopnám	lopnád	lopná	lopnánk (or lopnók)	lopnátok	lopnák
		2nd-p. o.	lopnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lopott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	lopjak	lopj or lopjál	lopjon	lopjunk	lopjatok	lopjanak
		Def.	lopjam	lopd or lopjad	lopja	lopjuk	lopjátok	lopják
		2nd-p. o.	lopjalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lopott légyen
Infinitive	lopni		lopnom	lopnod	lopnia	lopnunk	lopnotok	lopniuk
Other forms	lopás		lopó	lopott	lopandó	lopva (lopván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

potential conjugation of lop

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	lophatok	lophatsz	lophat	lophatunk	lophattok	lophatnak
		Def.	lophatom	lophatod	lophatja	lophatjuk	lophatjátok	lophatják
		2nd-p. o.	lophatlak	―
	Past	Indef.	lophattam	lophattál	lophatott	lophattunk	lophattatok	lophattak
		Def.	lophattam	lophattad	lophatta	lophattuk	lophattátok	lophatták
		2nd-p. o.	lophattalak	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	lophaték	lophatál	lophata	lophatánk	lophatátok	lophatának
		Def.	lophatám	lophatád	lophatá	lophatánk	lophatátok	lophaták
		2nd-p. o.	lophatálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. lophat vala, lophatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	lophatandok or lopandhatok	lophatandasz or lopandhatsz	lophatand or lopandhat	lophatandunk or lopandhatunk	lophatandotok or lopandhattok	lophatandanak or lopandhatnak
		Def.	lophatandom or lopandhatom	lophatandod or lopandhatod	lophatandja or lopandhatja	lophatandjuk or lopandhatjuk	lophatandjátok or lopandhatjátok	lophatandják or lopandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	lophatandalak or lopandhatlak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	lophatnék	lophatnál	lophatna	lophatnánk	lophatnátok	lophatnának
		Def.	lophatnám	lophatnád	lophatná	lophatnánk (or lophatnók)	lophatnátok	lophatnák
		2nd-p. o.	lophatnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lophatott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	lophassak	lophass or lophassál	lophasson	lophassunk	lophassatok	lophassanak
		Def.	lophassam	lophasd or lophassad	lophassa	lophassuk	lophassátok	lophassák
		2nd-p. o.	lophassalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lophatott légyen
Inf.	(lophatni)		(lophatnom)	(lophatnod)	(lophatnia)	(lophatnunk)	(lophatnotok)	(lophatniuk)
Positive adjective			lopható	Neg. adj.	lophatatlan	Adv. part.	(lophatva / lophatván)

Derived terms

Compound words

naplopó

(With verbal prefixes):

Descendants

Serbo-Croatian: lopov
Slovene: lópov

References

^ lop in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch loop, from Middle Dutch lôop, from Old Dutch *lōp.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈlɔp̚]
Hyphenation: lop

Noun

lop

barrel (of a firearm)
Synonym: laras

Middle English

Noun

lop

Alternative form of loppe (“spider”)

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan lop, from Latin lupus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈlup]
Audio: (file)

Noun

lop m (plural lops, feminine loba, feminine plural lobas)

wolf

Derived terms

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *loppu.

Noun

lop

end
(often in the plural) the rest
(grammar) ending

Declension

Inflection of lop (inflection type 1/ilo)
nominative sing.	lop
genitive sing.	lopun
partitive sing.	lopud
partitive plur.	lopuid
	singular	plural
nominative	lop	lopud
accusative	lopun	lopud
genitive	lopun	lopuiden
partitive	lopud	lopuid
essive-instructive	lopun	lopuin
translative	lopuks	lopuikš

inessive	lopus	lopuiš
elative	lopuspäi	lopuišpäi
illative	lopuhu	lopuihe

adessive	lopul	lopuil
ablative	lopulpäi	lopuilpäi
allative	lopule	lopuile

abessive	loputa	lopuita
comitative	lopunke	lopuidenke
prolative	lopudme	lopuidme

approximative I	lopunno	lopuidenno
approximative II	lopunnoks	lopuidennoks
egressive	lopunnopäi	lopuidennopäi

terminative I	lopuhusai	lopuihesai
terminative II	lopulesai	lopuilesai
terminative III	lopussai	—

additive I	lopuhupäi	lopuihepäi
additive II	lopulepäi	lopuilepäi

Volapük

Noun

lop (nominative plural lops)

opera

Declension

declension of lop

	singular	plural
nominative	lop	lops
genitive	lopa	lopas
dative	lope	lopes
accusative	lopi	lopis
vocative ¹	o lop!	o lops!
predicative ²	lopu	lopus

¹ status as a case is disputed
² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

[1] lop in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

[1]

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Verb

Synonyms

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

See also

References

Etymology 2

Noun

Derived terms

References

Etymology 3

Noun

See also

Anagrams

A-Pucikwar

Etymology

Verb

References

Franco-Provençal

Alternative forms

Etymology

Noun

References

Further information

Hungarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

References

Further reading

Indonesian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

Middle English

Noun

Occitan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Veps

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Volapük

Noun

Declension

Derived terms