ἔνθα
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From ἐν- (en-, “there”) + -θα (-tha, “towards”). Cognate with Tocharian B entwe (“then, thereupon”).
The regular medial destination demonstrative reflex is ἐνταῦθα (entaûtha). Alternatively, this is the regular reflex and the other term's τοῦ (toû) is an extension. The distal place one is ἐκεῖ (ekeî), and the relative place one is οὗ (hoû).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /én.tʰa/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈen.tʰa/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈen.θa/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈen.θa/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈen.θa/
Adverb
[edit]ἔνθᾰ • (éntha)
- (demonstrative) there, thither (location or movement)
- (demonstrative) thereupon, then
- (relative) where, whither (location or movement)
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.610:
- Ζεὺς δὲ πρὸς ὃν λέχος ἤϊ’ [...], ἔνθα πάρος κοιμᾶθ’ ὅτε μιν γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἱκάνοι:
- Zeùs dè pròs hòn lékhos ḗï’ [...], éntha páros koimâth’ hóte min glukùs húpnos hikánoi:
- And Zeus [...] went to his couch, where of old he took his rest, whenever sweet sleep came upon him.
- Ζεὺς δὲ πρὸς ὃν λέχος ἤϊ’ [...], ἔνθα πάρος κοιμᾶθ’ ὅτε μιν γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἱκάνοι:
- (relative) when
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 7.4.15:
- μάλα ἔστιν ἔνθα ἰσχυρῶς ὠφελοῦσι σφενδονῆται παρόντες
- mála éstin éntha iskhurôs ōpheloûsi sphendonêtai paróntes
- there are occasions when the presents of slingers is of very effective assistance
- μάλα ἔστιν ἔνθα ἰσχυρῶς ὠφελοῦσι σφενδονῆται παρόντες
Synonyms
[edit]- (there): ἐκεῖ (ekeî), ἐνταῦθᾰ (entaûtha), τόθῐ (tóthi), ἐκεῖσε (ekeîse), αὐτοῦ (autoû)
- (then): τότε (tóte), ᾰ̓́ρᾰ (ára), ἔπειτᾰ (épeita)
- (where): ὅθῐ (hóthi), ὅποι (hópoi), οἷ (hoî), ᾗ (hêi), ῐ̔́νᾰ (hína)
- (when): ὅτε (hóte), εὖτε (eûte), ὁπότε (hopóte), ἐπεί (epeí)
Derived terms
[edit]- ἔνθᾰ καὶ ἔνθᾰ (éntha kaì éntha, “here and there”)
- ἐνθᾰ́δε (entháde, “here, there, now”)
- ἔνθᾰπερ (énthaper)
- ἐνταῦθα (entaûtha, “here, there, hither”)
Related terms
[edit]- ἔνθεν (énthen)
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “ἔνθα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἔνθα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἔνθα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἔνθα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἔνθα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἔνθα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “ἔνθα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.