ἄλλος
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *áľľos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos. Cognates include Latin alius, Old Irish aile, Old Armenian այլ (ayl), Old English elles (English else), Albanian lloj (“sort, kind”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ál.los/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈal.los/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈal.los/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈal.los/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈa.los/
Adjective
[edit]ἄλλος • (állos) m (feminine ἄλλη, neuter ἄλλο); first/second declension
- other, another, different, else
- (with article) the other, all others, all besides, the rest
- 2022 May 18, Seumas Macdonald, chapter 4, in Linguae Graecae Per Se Illustrata[1]:
- ἀλλὰ δὲ ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ ἀμφορεὺς ὁ ἄλλος. ἕνδεκα πάρεισιν, εἷς ἄπεστιν. ἆρα σὺ οἶδας.
- allà dè poû estin ho amphoreùs ho állos. héndeka páreisin, heîs ápestin. âra sù oîdas.
- But where is the other amphora? Eleven are present; one is absent. Do you know?
- (with numerals) yet, still
- (in lists) as well, besides, too
- equivalent to ἀλλοῖος (alloîos) of another sort than (with genitive)
- (with article) the other, all others, all besides, the rest
- (in phrases)
- in combination with τις (tis) any other; anyone else, anything else
- in the phrase ἄλλος τε καὶ (állos te kaì) especially, most of all
- in the phrase εἴ τις καὶ ἄλλος (eí tis kaì állos) or εἴ τι καὶ ἄλλο (eí ti kaì állo) if anyone, whoever else; if anything, whatever else
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.5.1:
- ἐν τούτῳ δὲ τῷ τόπῳ ἦν μὲν ἡ γῆ πεδίον ἅπαν ὁμαλὲς ὥσπερ θάλαττα, ἀψινθίου δὲ πλῆρες· εἰ δέ τι καὶ ἄλλο ἐνῆν ὕλης ἢ καλάμου, ἅπαντα ἦσαν εὐώδη ὥσπερ ἀρώματα.
- en toútōi dè tôi tópōi ên mèn hē gê pedíon hápan homalès hṓsper thálatta, apsinthíou dè plêres; ei dé ti kaì állo enên húlēs ḕ kalámou, hápanta êsan euṓdē hṓsper arṓmata.
- In this region the ground was all a plain, flat like the sea, and full of wormwood. And whatever other brush or reed was there, everything was fragrant like spices.
- ἐν τούτῳ δὲ τῷ τόπῳ ἦν μὲν ἡ γῆ πεδίον ἅπαν ὁμαλὲς ὥσπερ θάλαττα, ἀψινθίου δὲ πλῆρες· εἰ δέ τι καὶ ἄλλο ἐνῆν ὕλης ἢ καλάμου, ἅπαντα ἦσαν εὐώδη ὥσπερ ἀρώματα.
Declension
[edit]Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ᾰ̓́λλος állos |
ᾰ̓́λλη állē |
ᾰ̓́λλο állo |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλᾱ állā |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλοι álloi |
ᾰ̓́λλαι állai |
ᾰ̓́λλᾰ álla | |||||
Genitive | ᾰ̓́λλου állou |
ᾰ̓́λλης állēs |
ᾰ̓́λλου állou |
ᾰ̓́λλοιν álloin |
ᾰ̓́λλαιν állain |
ᾰ̓́λλοιν álloin |
ᾰ̓́λλων állōn |
ᾰ̓́λλων állōn |
ᾰ̓́λλων állōn | |||||
Dative | ᾰ̓́λλῳ állōi |
ᾰ̓́λλῃ állēi |
ᾰ̓́λλῳ állōi |
ᾰ̓́λλοιν álloin |
ᾰ̓́λλαιν állain |
ᾰ̓́λλοιν álloin |
ᾰ̓́λλοις állois |
ᾰ̓́λλαις állais |
ᾰ̓́λλοις állois | |||||
Accusative | ᾰ̓́λλον állon |
ᾰ̓́λλην állēn |
ᾰ̓́λλο állo |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλᾱ állā |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλους állous |
ᾰ̓́λλᾱς állās |
ᾰ̓́λλᾰ álla | |||||
Vocative | ᾰ̓́λλε álle |
ᾰ̓́λλη állē |
ᾰ̓́λλο állo |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλᾱ állā |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλοι álloi |
ᾰ̓́λλαι állai |
ᾰ̓́λλᾰ álla | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ᾰ̓́λλως állōs |
— | — | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ᾰ̓́λλος állos |
ᾰ̓́λλη állē |
ᾰ̓́λλο állo |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλᾱ állā |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλοι álloi |
ᾰ̓́λλαι állai |
ᾰ̓́λλᾰ álla | |||||
Genitive | ᾰ̓́λλου / ᾰ̓λλοῖο / ᾰ̓́λλοιο / ᾰ̓λλόο / ᾰ̓́λλοο állou / alloîo / álloio / allóo / álloo |
ᾰ̓́λλης állēs |
ᾰ̓́λλου / ᾰ̓λλοῖο / ᾰ̓́λλοιο / ᾰ̓λλόο / ᾰ̓́λλοο állou / alloîo / álloio / allóo / álloo |
ᾰ̓́λλοιῐν álloiin |
ᾰ̓́λλαιν / ᾰ̓́λλαιῐν / ᾰ̓́λλῃῐν állai(i)n / állēiin |
ᾰ̓́λλοιῐν álloiin |
ᾰ̓́λλων állōn |
ᾰ̓λλᾱ́ων / ᾰ̓λλέ͜ων / ᾰ̓λλῶν allā́ōn / allé͜ōn / allôn |
ᾰ̓́λλων állōn | |||||
Dative | ᾰ̓́λλῳ állōi |
ᾰ̓́λλῃ állēi |
ᾰ̓́λλῳ állōi |
ᾰ̓́λλοιῐν álloiin |
ᾰ̓́λλαιν / ᾰ̓́λλαιῐν / ᾰ̓́λλῃῐν állai(i)n / állēiin |
ᾰ̓́λλοιῐν álloiin |
ᾰ̓́λλοισῐ / ᾰ̓́λλοισῐν / ᾰ̓́λλοις álloisi(n) / állois |
ᾰ̓́λλῃσῐ / ᾰ̓́λλῃσῐν / ᾰ̓́λλῃς / ᾰ̓́λλαις állēisi(n) / állēis / állais |
ᾰ̓́λλοισῐ / ᾰ̓́λλοισῐν / ᾰ̓́λλοις álloisi(n) / állois | |||||
Accusative | ᾰ̓́λλον állon |
ᾰ̓́λλην állēn |
ᾰ̓́λλο állo |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλᾱ állā |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλους állous |
ᾰ̓́λλᾱς állās |
ᾰ̓́λλᾰ álla | |||||
Vocative | ᾰ̓́λλε álle |
ᾰ̓́λλη állē |
ᾰ̓́λλο állo |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλᾱ állā |
ᾰ̓́λλω állō |
ᾰ̓́λλοι álloi |
ᾰ̓́λλαι állai |
ᾰ̓́λλᾰ álla | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ᾰ̓́λλως állōs |
— | — | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- ἄλλῠδις (álludis)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Panayotou, A. “Arcado-Cypriot.” In A History of Ancient Greek from the Beginnings to Late Antiquity, translated by Chris Markham, 417–432. 420.
- “ἄλλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἄλλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἄλλος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἄλλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- ἄλλος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἄλλος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “ἄλλος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G243 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Panayotou, A. “Arcado-Cypriot.” In A History of Ancient Greek from the Beginnings to Late Antiquity, translated by Chris Markham, 417–432.Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[2], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek adjectives
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations