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μέλας

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: μελάς and Μέλας

Ancient Greek

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Hellenic *mélās, from a derivation of Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-.

The feminine -αινα (-aina) originates from *-ih₂; see -ια (-ia) Cognates include Sanskrit मल (mala, dirt, filth, dust), Latvian melns, Old Prussian melne and Lithuanian mėlynas (which changed the meaning to "blue").

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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μέλᾱς (mélāsm (feminine μέλαινᾰ, neuter μέλᾰν); first/third declension

  1. dark in color; sometimes so dark as to lack color, black
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.262:
      ἐν δέ οἱ ἀσκὸν ἔθηκε θεᾱ̀ μέλανος (ϝ)οἴνοιο
      en dé hoi askòn éthēke theā̀ mélanos (w)oínoio
      On [the raft] the goddess put a skin of dark wine.
  2. (figuratively) evil, black, dark
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.834:
      τὼ δέ οἱ οὔ τι πειθέσθην· κῆρες γὰρ ἄγον μέλανος θανάτοιο
      tṑ dé hoi oú ti peithésthēn; kêres gàr ágon mélanos thanátoio
      But the two did not listen at all, for the fates of black death were leading them on.
  3. (figuratively) dark, obscure
  4. (of the voice) indistinct
  5. (medicine) causing black secretions

Inflection

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Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Greek: μελανός (melanós)
  • English: mela-, melano-, melas

See also

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Colors in Ancient Greek · χρώμᾰτᾰ (khrṓmătă) (layout · text)
     λευκός (leukós)      γλαυκός (glaukós), κῐλλός (kĭllós), πολῐός (polĭós), φαιός (phaiós), χαροπός (kharopós)      ᾰ̓μαυρός (ămaurós), κελαινός (kelainós), μαυρός (maurós), μέλᾱς (mélās)
             ἐρῠθρός (erŭthrós); κᾰρῡ́κῐνος (kărū́kĭnos), κόκκῐνος (kókkĭnos), φοινός (phoinós)              πυρρός (purrhós); ὄρφνῐνος (órphnĭnos)              μήλινος (mḗlinos), ξᾰνθός (xănthós); ὠχρός (ōkhrós)
             πρᾰ́σῐνος (prắsĭnos)              χλωρός (khlōrós)              χλωρός (khlōrós); χλωρομέλᾱς (khlōromélās)
             κῠᾰ́νεος (kŭắneos); γλαυκός (glaukós), κᾰλάϊνος (kăláïnos)              κῠᾰ́νεος (kŭắneos)              κῠᾰ́νεος (kŭắneos), ὑᾰκῐ́νθῐνος (huăkĭ́nthĭnos)
             ἰόεις (ióeis), φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (hălourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphŭ́reos), οἶνοψ (oînops)              φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (hălourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphŭ́reos)              ῥόδινος (rhódinos), ῥοδόεις (rhodóeis)

References

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