érik

See also: erik, Erik, and -erik

Hungarian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈeːrik]
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation: érik
Rhymes: -eːrik

Etymology 1

Base form: érik, from ér (“to arrive”) +‎ -ik^[1]

Verb

érik

(intransitive) to ripen, mature, become ripe
Active-voice counterpart: érlel

Usage notes

This verb is a member of one of those (few) quasi-homonymous verb pairs that exist both with and without an -ik ending. All (intransitive) suffixed forms of these pairs are identical (sometimes they can even have derived forms that coincide), with the exception of their dictionary form (the third-person singular indicative present, with or without -ik). However, the meaning of these pairs is usually distinct, sometimes unrelated. Examples include (fel)áldoz–(le)áldozik, bán–bánik, (meg)bíz–(meg)bízik, (meg)ér–(meg)érik, esz (rare)–eszik, hajol–hajlik, (felül)múl–(el)múlik, (hozzá)nyúl–nyúlik, (el)vesz–(el)veszik~(el)vész, and tör–törik (along with their verbal prefixes), hall–hallik (archaic), érez–érzik (archaic), sometimes with some difference: (el)hibáz–hibádzik, (le)torkol–torkollik. Therefore one may well need to check the context and the arguments to ascertain which member of the verb pair is relevant.
This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hull (ik), (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.

Conjugation

conjugation of érik

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	érek	érsz	érik	érünk	értek	érnek
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	értem	értél	érett	értünk	értetek	értek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. érni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	érék	érél	ére	érénk	érétek	érének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. érik vala, érett vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	érendek	érendesz	érend	érendünk	érendetek	érendenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	érnék	érnél	érne	érnénk	érnétek	érnének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. érett volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	érjek	érj or érjél	érjen	érjünk	érjetek	érjenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. érett légyen
Infinitive	érni		érnem	érned	érnie	érnünk	érnetek	érniük
Other forms	érés		érő	érett	―	érve (érvén)

potential conjugation of érik

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	érhetek	érhetsz	érhet	érhetünk	érhettek	érhetnek
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	érhettem	érhettél	érhetett	érhettünk	érhettetek	érhettek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	érheték	érhetél	érhete	érheténk	érhetétek	érhetének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. érhet vala, érhetett vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	érhetendek or érandhatok	érhetendesz or érandhatsz	érhetend or érandhat	érhetendünk or érandhatunk	érhetendetek or érandhattok	érhetendenek or érandhatnak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	érhetnék	érhetnél	érhetne	érhetnénk	érhetnétek	érhetnének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. érhetett volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	érhessek	érhess or érhessél	érhessen	érhessünk	érhessetek	érhessenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. érhetett légyen
Inf.	(érhetni)		(érhetnem)	(érhetned)	(érhetnie)	(érhetnünk)	(érhetnetek)	(érhetniük)
Positive adjective			―	Neg. adj.	―	Adv. part.	(érhetve / érhetvén)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

Etymology 2

ér +‎ -ik (personal suffix)

Verb

érik

third-person plural indicative present definite of ér
Mindig felháborodik, amikor hazugságon érik. ― He is always outraged when he is caught telling a lie. (literally, “…when they catch him…”)

Usage notes

This form normally occurs when a verbal prefix is separated from the verb:

érik (…) el, el … érik ― elérik ― elér
érik (…) fel, fel … érik ― felérik ― felér
érik (…) meg, meg … érik ― megérik ― megér
érik (…) utol, utol … érik ― utolérik ― utolér
and some more, see its derivatives with verbal prefixes.

References

^ érik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

Hungarian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Verb

Usage notes

Conjugation

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

Usage notes

References

Further reading