Jump to content

válik

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: valik

Hungarian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Most likely from Proto-Finno-Ugric *wëlka-. Cognate with Finnish valkama (boat-shore, spot on the banks where a path across ice or water starts, haven), Northern Sami vuolgit (to go, leave, depart, be, become, go out from), Eastern Mari волем (voĺem, to go down, fall), and Northern Mansi [script needed] (vaᵞi̮li, to descend, be killed by a bear).[1] Possibly contaminated with the meaning "become", based off the root val-/vol- found in való (suitable, real, existing) and in some conjugations of the verb van (to be, exist) (volt, volna). The latter root comes from Proto-Finno-Ugric *wole- (to be, become).

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): [ˈvaːlik]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: vá‧lik
  • Rhymes: -aːlik

Verb

[edit]

válik

  1. (intransitive) to become, to turn or turn into (something -vá/-vé or -ra/-re with valóra)
    Synonyms: változik, átváltozik, alakul, átalakul, lesz
    Active-voice counterpart: tesz
    a vér nem válik vízblood is thicker than water (literally, “the blood does not turn into water”)
  2. (intransitive) to become, to make, to come to (out of someone -ból/-ből)
    Synonym: lesz
    Remek orvos válik majd belőle.He'll make a great doctor. (literally, “A great doctor will become out of him.”)
  3. (intransitive, mostly in set phrases: becsületére, büszkeségére, dicséretére, díszére, egészségére, hasznára, javára, üdvösségére, szégyenére, kárára) to cause, boost, heighten, improve, enhance, or contribute to a certain state or quality of someone, to induce or bring about something, to serve as something for someone (-ra/-re)
  4. (intransitive) to separate, to part (from something -tól/-től)
    Synonym: elkülönül
    Perfectives: elválik, különválik, szétválik
    • 1995, Lajos Parti Nagy, Esti kréta, Jelenkor. From the poem Nyár, némafilm (’Summer, silent film’ – translation by Kinga Dornacher and Stephen Humphreys, published under the title Europink, published 1999:
      Ma bolyhos csönd a nyár, keringő vattazápor, / válik a nyár, fehér bohóc a cirkuszától
      This quiet summer day is a shower-waltz of wooldust, / the aspen’s parting – sad pierrot leaves his circus
  5. (intransitive) to divorce (to legally dissolve a marriage between two people) (from someone -tól/-től)
    Perfective: elválik
    Válik a férjétől.She is divorcing her husband.

Usage notes

[edit]

This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hull(ik), (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.

Conjugation

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]

(With verbal prefixes):

Expressions

References

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • válik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN