羲

See also: 義 and 羛

羲 U+7FB2, 羲 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FB2 ← 羱 [U+7FB1] CJK Unified Ideographs 羳 → [U+7FB3]

Translingual

Han character

羲 (Kangxi radical 123, 羊+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 廿土竹木尸 (TGHDS), four-corner 8025₃, composition ⿱𦍌⿹⿰禾戈丂)

1. breath, vapor

Derived characters

• 曦, 㰕, 犧

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 953, character 40
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28552
• Dae Jaweon: page 1398, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3137, character 13
• Unihan data for U+7FB2

Chinese

simp. and trad.		羲

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 羲
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (我) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
莪	*ŋaːl
哦	*ŋaːl
娥	*ŋaːl
峨	*ŋaːl
峩	*ŋaːl
鵝	*ŋaːl
俄	*ŋaːl
蛾	*ŋaːl, *ŋralʔ
睋	*ŋaːl
涐	*ŋaːl
誐	*ŋaːl
硪	*ŋaːl, *ŋaːlʔ
我	*ŋaːlʔ
騀	*ŋaːlʔ
餓	*ŋaːls
義	*ŋrals
儀	*ŋral
轙	*ŋral, *ŋralʔ
檥	*ŋral, *ŋralʔ
蟻	*ŋralʔ
艤	*ŋralʔ
礒	*ŋralʔ
羛	*ŋralʔ, *hŋral
議	*ŋrals
犧	*hŋral
曦	*hŋral
羲	*hŋral

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hŋral) : semantic 兮 + phonetic 義 (OC *ŋrals).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xī (xi¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hei¹
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): hi¹
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hi¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hi¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xī
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: si
    • Wade–Giles: hsi¹
    • Yale: syī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
    • Palladius: си (si)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hei¹
    • Yale: hēi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hei¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: héi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: hi¹
    • Sinological IPA: /hi⁴⁴/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hi⁵³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hi
    • Tâi-lô: hi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hy
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hi⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hi³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hi⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hi⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hi⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hi¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hi³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: xje

Rime
Character	羲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許羈切
Baxter	xje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/hᵚiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/xiɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hjiə̆/
Li Rong	/xje/
Wang Li	/xǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/xie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hei1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ̊(r)aj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hŋral/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	羲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī
Middle Chinese	‹ xje ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋ̊(r)aj/
English	(proper name)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	羲
Reading #	1/1
No.	13059
Phonetic component	我
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	犧
Old Chinese	/*hŋral/

Definitions

羲

1. Used in personal names.
2. Short for 伏羲 (Fúxī).
3. Short for 羲和 (xīhé).
4. ^† breath; vapor; gas
5. Alternative form of 曦 (xī)
6. Short for 王羲之 (Wáng Xīzhī).
7. a surname

Usage notes

• The 丂 (kǎo) component on the lower left side of the character is often mistakenly written as 乃 (nǎi). Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) specifically proscribes the substitution of 丂 with 乃.

Compounds

• 伏羲 (Fúxī)
• 伏羲氏
• 傾羲／倾羲
• 宓羲 (Fúxī)
• 庖羲 (Páoxī)
• 晨羲 (chénxī)
• 朱羲 (zhūxī)
• 皇羲
• 羲和
• 羲和馭日／羲和驭日
• 羲娥
• 羲皇
• 羲皇上人
• 羲經／羲经
• 赫羲

 

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “羲”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 252.

Japanese

Kanji

羲

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. Used in personal names.

Readings

• On (unclassified): ぎ (gi)、き (ki)
• Kun: いき (iki)

Vietnamese

Han character

羲: Hán Nôm readings: hi

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