犧

See also: 犠 and 牺

犧 U+72A7, 犧 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72A7 ← 犦 [U+72A6] CJK Unified Ideographs 犨 → [U+72A8]

Translingual

Traditional	犧
Shinjitai	犠
Simplified	牺

Han character

犧 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+16, 20 strokes, cangjie input 竹手廿土尸 (HQTGS), four-corner 2855₃, composition ⿰牜羲)

1. sacrifice, give up
2. sacrificial

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 705, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20209
• Dae Jaweon: page 1117, character 35
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1822, character 4
• Unihan data for U+72A7

Chinese

trad.		犧
simp.		牺
alternative forms		犠

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (我) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
莪	*ŋaːl
哦	*ŋaːl
娥	*ŋaːl
峨	*ŋaːl
峩	*ŋaːl
鵝	*ŋaːl
俄	*ŋaːl
蛾	*ŋaːl, *ŋralʔ
睋	*ŋaːl
涐	*ŋaːl
誐	*ŋaːl
硪	*ŋaːl, *ŋaːlʔ
我	*ŋaːlʔ
騀	*ŋaːlʔ
餓	*ŋaːls
義	*ŋrals
儀	*ŋral
轙	*ŋral, *ŋralʔ
檥	*ŋral, *ŋralʔ
蟻	*ŋralʔ
艤	*ŋralʔ
礒	*ŋralʔ
羛	*ŋralʔ, *hŋral
議	*ŋrals
犧	*hŋral
曦	*hŋral
羲	*hŋral

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hŋral) : semantic 牛 (“ox”) + phonetic 羲 (OC *hŋral).

Etymology

Cognate with 儀 (OC *ŋral, “ceremony; appearance”). See there for more.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xī (xi¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hei¹
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): hi¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): hĭ
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hi¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hi¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xī
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: si
    • Wade–Giles: hsi¹
    • Yale: syī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
    • Palladius: си (si)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hei¹
    • Yale: hēi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hei¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: héi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:
    • Hakka Romanization System:
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: hi¹
    • Sinological IPA: /hi⁴⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hĭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hi⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hi⁵³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hi
    • Tâi-lô: hi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hy
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hi⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hi³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hi⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hi⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hi⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hi¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hi³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: xje

Rime
Character	犧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許羈切
Baxter	xje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/hᵚiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/xiɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hjiə̆/
Li Rong	/xje/
Wang Li	/xǐe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hei1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ̊(r)a[j]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hŋral/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	犧
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī
Middle Chinese	‹ xje ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋ̊(r)a[j]/
English	sacrificial animal
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	犧
Reading #	1/1
No.	13057
Phonetic component	我
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	犧
Old Chinese	/*hŋral/

Definitions

犧

1. (historical) pure-colored sacrificial animal
2. sacrifice

Compounds

• 伏犧／伏牺 (Fúxī)
• 伏犧氏／伏牺氏
• 庖犧／庖牺 (Páoxī)
• 犧尊／牺尊
• 犧牲／牺牲 (xīshēng)
• 犧牲品／牺牲品 (xīshēngpǐn)
• 犧牲打／牺牲打
• 犧牲玉帛／牺牲玉帛
• 犧牲酒醴／牺牲酒醴

 

References

• “犧”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “牺”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 251.

Japanese

Shinjitai	犠
Kyūjitai	犧

Kanji

犧

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 犠)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: き (ki)
• Kan’yō-on: ぎ (gi)
• Kun: いけにえ (ikenie, 犧)^{←いけにへ (ikenife, 犧, historical)}

See also

• 犠 (jōyō)

Korean

Hanja

犧 • (hui, sa) (hangeul 희, 사, revised hui, sa, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, sa, Yale huy, sa)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

犧: Hán Việt readings: hy, hi
犧: Nôm readings: hi

1. chữ Hán form of hi (“certain types of sacrifice”).

Compounds

• 伏羲 (Phục Hy)
• 犧牲 (hi sinh)