築
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]築 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 竹一弓木 (HMND), four-corner 88904, composition ⿱筑木)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 892, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26298
- Dae Jaweon: page 1320, character 28
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2998, character 4
- Unihan data for U+7BC9
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 築 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 筑* |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tuɡ) : phonetic 筑 (OC *tuɡ, *duɡ) + semantic 木 (“wood”).
Etymology
[edit]According to STEDT, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsuk ~ tsik (“to build”); cognate with Tibetan རྩིག (rtsig, “to build”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ʔtsukᴴ (“to build”) (whence Burmese ဆောက် (hcauk, “to build”)).
On the other hand, Schuessler (2007) derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *truk, whence also Tibetan རྡུག (rdug, “to conquer; to vanquish”) and Burmese တိုက် (tuik, “to dash against; to bump against”). STEDT derives the Tibetan word from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m/r-tuk (“cut; knock; pound”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zuk1
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): dé̤ṳk
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
- Wade–Giles: chu4
- Yale: jù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
- Palladius: чжу (čžu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhú
- Wade–Giles: chu2
- Yale: jú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwu
- Palladius: чжу (čžu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zuk1
- Yale: jūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk7
- Guangdong Romanization: zug1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʊk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chuk
- Hakka Romanization System: zugˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zug5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡suk̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dé̤ṳk
- Sinological IPA (key): /tøyʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: trjuwk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*truk/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tuɡ/
Definitions
[edit]築
- (literary) wooden pestle for pounding dirt
- (literary) to pound soil to make it firm; to ram earth
- to build; to construct
- (literary, or in compounds) house; building
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]- (to build):
- 修建 (xiūjiàn)
- 修築 / 修筑 (xiūzhù)
- 塑建 (sùjiàn)
- 建構 / 建构 (jiàngòu) (something abstract)
- 建築 / 建筑 (jiànzhù) (literally or figuratively)
- 建設 / 建设 (jiànshè)
- 建造 (jiànzào)
- 搭 (Hokkien)
- 搭建 (dājiàn)
- 搭蓋 / 搭盖 (dāgài) (a temporary structure)
- 搭設 / 搭设 (dāshè)
- 架構 / 架构 (jiàgòu)
- 構作 / 构作 (gòuzuò)
- 構建 / 构建 (gòujiàn) (something abstract)
- 構築 / 构筑 (gòuzhù)
- 構造 / 构造 (gòuzào)
- 營造 / 营造 (yíngzào)
- 版築 / 版筑 (bǎnzhù) (literary)
- 築造 / 筑造 (zhùzào)
- 興修 / 兴修 (xīngxiū) (a large project)
- 興建 / 兴建 (xīngjiàn)
- 興築 / 兴筑 (xīngzhù) (literary)
- 起立 (qǐlì)
Compounds
[edit]- 修築 / 修筑 (xiūzhù)
- 傅說版築 / 傅说版筑
- 債臺高築 / 债台高筑 (zhàitáigāozhù)
- 卜築 / 卜筑
- 夯土建築 / 夯土建筑
- 小築 / 小筑
- 希臘建築 / 希腊建筑
- 建築 / 建筑 (jiànzhù)
- 建築執照 / 建筑执照
- 建築學 / 建筑学 (jiànzhùxué)
- 建築工程 / 建筑工程
- 建築師 / 建筑师 (jiànzhùshī)
- 建築材料 / 建筑材料 (jiànzhù cáiliào)
- 建築業 / 建筑业 (jiànzhùyè)
- 建築法規 / 建筑法规
- 建築物 / 建筑物 (jiànzhùwù)
- 板築 / 板筑 (bǎnzhù)
- 構築 / 构筑 (gòuzhù)
- 燕昭築臺 / 燕昭筑台
- 版築 / 版筑 (bǎnzhù)
- 版築飯牛 / 版筑饭牛
- 現代建築 / 现代建筑
- 畚築 / 畚筑
- 砌塊建築 / 砌块建筑
- 築堤 / 筑堤 (zhùdī)
- 築壇 / 筑坛
- 築壇拜將 / 筑坛拜将
- 築室 / 筑室
- 築室反耕 / 筑室反耕
- 築室道謀 / 筑室道谋
- 築巢 / 筑巢 (zhùcháo)
- 築底巷 / 筑底巷
- 築磕 / 筑磕
- 築築磕磕 / 筑筑磕磕
- 築路 / 筑路 (zhùlù)
- 羅馬建築 / 罗马建筑
- 興築 / 兴筑 (xīngzhù)
- 違章建築 / 违章建筑
- 闢築 / 辟筑
References
[edit]- “築”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]- fabricate
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ちく (chiku, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: ちく (chiku, Jōyō)
- Kun: きずく (kizuku, 築く, Jōyō)、つく (tsuku, 築く)
- Nanori: つい (tsui)、つき (tsuki)、つく (tsuku)、づき (zuki)
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]築 (eumhun 쌓을 축 (ssa'eul chuk))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]築: Hán Nôm readings: trốc, trúc
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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