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稀

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 希
稀 U+7A00, 稀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A00
← 秿
[U+79FF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 稁 →
[U+7A01]

Translingual

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Han character

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稀 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹木大大月 (HDKKB), four-corner 24927, composition ⿰禾希)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 853, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25058
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1277, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2609, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7A00

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 稀
2nd round simp. 希
alternative forms 希

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (希) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
桸 *hral, *hlɯl
郗 *l̥ʰɯl
絺 *l̥ʰɯl
脪 *l̥ʰɯl, *hrɯnʔ, *hlɯns
瓻 *l̥ʰɯl
希 *hlɯl
晞 *hlɯl
莃 *hlɯl
鵗 *hlɯl
稀 *hlɯl
睎 *hlɯl
豨 *hlɯl, *hlɯlʔ
悕 *hlɯl
俙 *hlɯl, *hlɯlʔ
欷 *hlɯl, *hlɯls
浠 *hlɯl
唏 *hlɯlʔ, *hlɯls

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hlɯl) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 希 (OC *hlɯl, “rare; sparse”).

Etymology

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Note similarities to Burmese ရှား (hra:, “scarce; expensive”).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 稀
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 微 (20)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 香衣切
Baxter xj+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/hɨi/
Pan
Wuyun 		/hɨi/
Shao
Rongfen 		/xiəi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/hɨj/
Li
Rong 		/xiəi/
Wang
Li 		/xĭəi/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/xe̯i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hei1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 稀
Reading # 1/1
No. 13254
Phonetic
component 		希
Rime
group 		微
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		希
Old
Chinese 		/*hlɯl/

Definitions

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稀

  1. rare; uncommon; scarce
  2. sparse
  3. diluted; thin
  4. thin or watery thing
  5. very

Synonyms

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  • (dilute):
Dialectal synonyms of 稀 (“dilute; thin”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 稀
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 稀
Taiwan 稀
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 稀
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 稀
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 清, 稀
Wuhan 稀, 清
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 稀, 消
Hefei 稀, 消
Cantonese Guangzhou 稀, 削
Hong Kong 稀, 削
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 稀
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 清
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 鮮
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 稀
Macau 稀
Guangzhou (Panyu) 稀
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 稀
Guangzhou (Conghua) 稀
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 清
Foshan 稀
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 稀
Foshan (Shunde) 稀
Foshan (Sanshui) 稀
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 稀
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 稀
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 稀
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 稀
Zhuhai (Doumen) 稀
Jiangmen (Baisha) 稀
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 稀
Taishan 稀
Kaiping (Chikan) 稀
Enping (Niujiang) 稀
Heshan (Yayao) 稀
Dongguan 清
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 清
Yangjiang 清
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 稀
Gan Nanchang 清, 稀
Jianning 清
Taining 清
Hakka Meixian 鮮
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 稀
Dongguan (Qingxi) 鮮
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 鮮
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 稀
Changting 鮮
Shanghang 鮮
Longyan (Yongding) 鮮
Wuping 鮮
Liancheng 鮮
Ninghua 鮮
Qingliu 鮮
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 鮮
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 鮮
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 鮮
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 鮮
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 鮮
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 鮮
Hong Kong 鮮
Senai (Huiyang) 鮮
Jin Taiyuan 稀
Northern Min Jian'ou 增
Jian'ou (Dikou) 增
Nanping (Xiayang, Yanping) 增
Songxi 增
Zhenghe 增
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 增
Shunchang (Yangdun) 增
Jianyang 增
Wuyishan 增
Pucheng (Shibei) 增
Eastern Min Fuzhou 清
Fuzhou (Changle) 清
Lianjiang 清
Fuqing 漖, 清
Pingtan 稀
Yongtai 清
Minqing 清
Gutian 淺
Pingnan 淺
Luoyuan 淺
Fu'an 清
Ningde 清, 淺, 稀
Xiapu 稀
Zherong 清
Shouning 清
Zhouning 淺, 清
Fuding 清
Youxi 清
Southern Min Xiamen 漖, 飲
Xiamen (Tong'an) 飲
Quanzhou 漖
Jinjiang 漖
Nan'an 漖, 飲
Shishi 漖
Hui'an 漖, 飲
Anxi 漖
Yongchun 漖
Dehua 漖
Zhangzhou 漖, 飲
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 飲
Hua'an 飲
Nanjing 飲
Pinghe 漖
Zhangpu 飲
Yunxiao 漖
Zhao'an 漖
Dongshan 漖
Tainan 漖
Kinmen 漖
Longyan 鬻
Zhangping 鬻
Zhangping (Yongfu) 鬻
Datian 鬻
Datian (Guangping) 增
Chaozhou 漖, 𬓤
Shantou 𬓤
Shantou (Chenghai) 𬓤
Jieyang 漖, 𬓤
Bangkok (Teochew) 𬓤
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 𬓤
Leizhou 浮
Puxian Min Putian 漖
Xianyou 漖
Central Min Yong'an 增
Sanming (Sanyuan) 增
Sanming (Shaxian) 增
Shaojiang Min Shaowu 清
Guangze 清
Jiangle 清
Mingxi 清
Shunchang 清
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 稀
Wu Suzhou 薄
Yuyao 薄, 朗
Wenzhou 薄
Pucheng 清
Xiang Changsha 清, 稀
Shuangfeng 清, 稀

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of “thin”): 稠 (chóu)

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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稀

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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  • Go-on: け (ke)
  • Kan-on: き (ki)
  • Kun: まれ (mare)、まばら (mabara)

Usage notes

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In modern Japanese, 稀 is mostly replaced by 希, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.

Japanese terms with 稀 replaced by daiyōji 希
希
希ガス
希釈
希少
希代
希薄
希有
古希

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
稀
き
Jinmeiyō
on'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 稀 – see the following entry.
【希き】4
[affix] rare; scarce
[affix] sparse; dilute
Alternative spelling
け
(This term, 稀, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
稀
まれ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
希

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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稀(まれ) • (mare) -na (adnominal 稀(まれ)な (mare na), adverbial 稀(まれ)に (mare ni))

  1. rare
    Synonyms: 希有 (keu), 珍しい (mezurashii)
Inflection
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Inflection of 稀
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 稀だろ まれだろ mare daro
Continuative (連用形) 稀で まれで mare de
Terminal (終止形) 稀だ まれだ mare da
Attributive (連体形) 稀な まれな mare na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 稀なら まれなら mare nara
Imperative (命令形) 稀であれ まれであれ mare de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 稀ではない
稀じゃない 		まれではない
まれじゃない 		mare de wa nai
mare ja nai
Informal past 稀だった まれだった mare datta
Informal negative past 稀ではなかった
稀じゃなかった 		まれではなかった
まれじゃなかった 		mare de wa nakatta
mare ja nakatta
Formal 稀です まれです mare desu
Formal negative 稀ではありません
稀じゃありません 		まれではありません
まれじゃありません 		mare de wa arimasen
mare ja arimasen
Formal past 稀でした まれでした mare deshita
Formal negative past 稀ではありませんでした
稀じゃありませんでした 		まれではありませんでした
まれじゃありませんでした 		mare de wa arimasen deshita
mare ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 稀で まれで mare de
Conditional 稀なら（ば） まれなら（ば） mare nara (ba)
Provisional 稀だったら まれだったら mare dattara
Volitional 稀だろう まれだろう mare darō
Adverbial 稀に まれに mare ni
Degree 稀さ まれさ maresa

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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稀 • (hui) (hangeul 희, revised hui, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, Yale huy)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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稀: Hán Việt readings: hi (香(hương)依(y)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
稀: Nôm readings: sè[2][3][4][5], si[6][3][5], sây[3][4][5], hì[2][6], sầy[2][6], hi[3][4], sề[1], hề[2], sì[2], sé[6]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Trần (2004).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Bonet (1899).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Génibrel (1898).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Hồ (1976).
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