dim
Translingual
[edit]Symbol
[edit]dim
See also
[edit]English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English dim, dym, from Old English dim, dimm (“dim, dark, gloomy; wretched, grievous, sad, unhappy”), from Proto-West Germanic *dimm, from Proto-Germanic *dimmaz (“dark”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰem- (“to whisk, smoke; obscure”). Compare Faroese dimmur (“dark”), Icelandic dimmur (“dark”) and dimma (“darkness”).
Adjective
[edit]dim (comparative dimmer, superlative dimmest)
- Not bright or colorful.
- Synonyms: dull, dingy; see also Thesaurus:dim
- The lighting was too dim for me to make out his facial features.
- 1821, Percy B[ysshe] Shelley, Adonais: An Elegy on the Death of John Keats, […], Pisa, Italy: […] Didot; reprinted London: Noel Douglas […], 1927, →OCLC:
- that sustaining Love / Which, through the web of being blindly wove / By man and beast and earth and air and sea, / Burns bright or dim
- (colloquial) Not smart or intelligent.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:stupid
- He may be a bit dim, but he's not entirely stupid.
- Indistinct, hazy or unclear.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:indistinct
- His vision grew dimmer as he aged.
- Disapproving, unfavorable: rarely used outside the phrase take a dim view of.
- Synonyms: deprecative, improbatory, reprobative, reprobatory
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Noun
[edit]dim (uncountable)
- (archaic) Dimness.
- 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 278:
- All about me the Red Weed clambered among the ruins, writhing to get above me in the dim. Night, the Mother of Fear and Mystery, was coming upon me.
Verb
[edit]dim (third-person singular simple present dims, present participle dimming, simple past and past participle dimmed)
- (transitive) To make something less bright.
- He dimmed the lights and put on soft music.
- (intransitive) To become darker.
- The lights dimmed briefly when the air conditioning was turned on.
- To render dim, obscure, or dark; to make less bright or distinct.
- 1695, C[harles] A[lphonse] du Fresnoy, translated by John Dryden, De Arte Graphica. The Art of Painting, […], London: […] J[ohn] Heptinstall for W. Rogers, […], →OCLC:
- a king among his courtiers, […] who out to dim the lustre of all his attendants
- 1791, Homer, “[The Odyssey.] Book II.”, in W[illiam] Cowper, transl., The Iliad and Odyssey of Homer, Translated into Blank Verse, […], volume II, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 42, line 501:
- Now ſet the ſun, and twilight dimm'd the ways, […]
- To deprive of distinct vision; to hinder from seeing clearly, either by dazzling or clouding the eyes; to darken the senses or understanding of.
- c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene iii:
- And with our Sun-bright armour as we march,
Weel chaſe the Starrs from heauen, and dim their eies
That ſtand and muſe at our admyred armes.
- 1740, Christopher Pitt, The Aeneid:
- Her starry eyes were dimm'd with streaming tears.
- (figurative) To diminish, dull, or curtail.
- All these setbacks had started to dim the hopes of the students.
- Nothing will dim their spirit of resilience.
- A glut might dim the outlook for grain futures.
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
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See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Adjective
[edit]dim (not comparable)
- (music) Clipping of diminished.
See also
[edit]- dim. (diminuendo)
Anagrams
[edit]Galician
[edit]Verb
[edit]dim
- (reintegrationist norm) third-person plural present indicative of dizer
Indonesian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]dim
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]dim
- high-beam headlamp on a road vehicle.
Further reading
[edit]- “dim” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Kashubian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dymъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]dim m inan
Further reading
[edit]- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “dym”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[1]
- “dim”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
Latvian
[edit]Verb
[edit]dim
- third-person singular/plural present indicative of dimēt
- (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of dimēt
- (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of dimēt
Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse dimmr. Related to English dim and Icelandic dimmur.
Adjective
[edit]dim (neuter singular dimt, definite singular and plural dimme, comparative dimmere, indefinite superlative dimmest, definite superlative dimmeste)
- dim
- to have bad vision
- Han er dim på synet
- His vision is dim/bad/poor
- Han er dim på synet
References
[edit]- “dim” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From the Old Norse adjective dimmr, from Proto-Germanic *dimmaz. The neuter noun is derived from the adjective. The automotive senses may be a Back-formation from - of the verb dimme.
Adjective
[edit]dim (neuter singular dimt, definite singular and plural dimme, comparative dimmare, indefinite superlative dimmast, definite superlative dimmaste)
Related terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]dim m (definite singular dimmen, indefinite plural dimmar, definite plural dimmane)
- (automotive, colloquial) a switching of one's headlamps from high-beam to low-beam
- (automotive, colloquial) lever, button or other
- (dialectal) Clipping of dimme (“twilight, half darkness”).
Noun
[edit]dim n (definite singular dimmet, uncountable)
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]dim m (definite singular dimmen, indefinite plural dimmar, definite plural dimmane)
- (colloquial) Clipping of dimensjon.
References
[edit]- “dim” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams
[edit]Old English
[edit]Adjective
[edit]dim
- Alternative form of dimm
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dymъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dū́ˀmas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]dȉm m (Cyrillic spelling ди̏м)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Slovene
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *dymъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]dȉm m inan
Inflection
[edit]Masculine inan., hard o-stem | ||
---|---|---|
nominative | dìm | |
genitive | díma | |
singular | ||
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
dìm | |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
díma | |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
dímu | |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
dìm | |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
dímu | |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
dímom |
Further reading
[edit]- “dim”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024
Sumerian
[edit]Romanization
[edit]dim
- Romanization of 𒁴 (dim)
Sundanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]dim
References
[edit]- Coolsma, S (1913) Soendaneesch-Hollandsch Woordenboek (in Dutch), Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff's Uitgeversmaatschappij
Talysh
[edit]Noun
[edit]dim
Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Welsh dim, cognate with the rare Old Irish dim (“something, anything”) (which may be a Brythonic loanword), with further etymology uncertain. Matasović derives the word from Proto-Celtic *dis-smi-, dissimilated from Proto-Indo-European *dus-smi- (literally “bad one”).[1] Alternatively, Morris-Jones hypothesizes the original meaning was “share, portion” and derives the word from Proto-Celtic *dīsman, from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂y- (“to share”).[2]
Development of the particle sense (“not”) is an instance of Jespersen's Cycle.[3]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]dim
Pronoun
[edit]dim
Derived terms
[edit]- dim byd (“nothing”)
- dim ond (“only”)
- da i ddim (“good for nothing, useless”)
- dim o beth (“pipsqueak, knee-high to a grasshopper”)
Related terms
[edit]Particle
[edit]dim
Usage notes
[edit]As a verbal particle, almost always appears mutated as ddim.
Synonyms
[edit]Mutation
[edit]radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
---|---|---|---|
dim | ddim | nim | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
[edit]- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 100
- ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 315
- ^ Borsley, Robert D., Tallerman, Maggie, Willis, David (2007 October 18) The Syntax of Welsh, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 311
Further reading
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dim”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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- sh:Smoking
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