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狀

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 状
狀 U+72C0, 狀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72C0
← 犿
[U+72BF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 狁 →
[U+72C1]
狀 U+F9FA, 狀
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9FA
← 粒
[U+F9F9] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 炙 →
[U+F9FB]

Translingual

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Han character

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狀 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女一戈大 (VMIK), four-corner 33134, composition ⿰爿犬)

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 707, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20280
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1119, character 30
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1334, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+72C0

Chinese

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trad. 狀
simp. 状

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (爿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
臧 *ʔsaːŋ
牂 *ʔsaːŋ
戕 *kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ
贓 *ʔsaːŋ
藏 *zaːŋ, *zaːŋs
奘 *zaːŋʔ, *zaːŋs
臟 *zaːŋs
將 *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs
漿 *ʔsaŋ
鱂 *ʔsaŋ
蔣 *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋʔ
螿 *ʔsaŋ
槳 *ʔsaŋʔ
獎 *ʔsaŋʔ
醬 *ʔsaŋs
鏘 *sʰaŋ
蹡 *sʰaŋ, *ʔshaŋs
嶈 *sʰaŋ
斨 *sʰaŋ
爿 *braːn, *zaŋ
牆 *zaŋ
妝 *ʔsraŋ
莊 *ʔsraŋ
裝 *ʔsraŋ, *ʔsraŋs
壯 *ʔsraŋs
疒 *rnɯːɡ, *zraŋ
床 *zraŋ
牀 *zraŋ
狀 *zraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zraŋs): phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 犬.

Etymology

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Compare perhaps Burmese ဆင်း (hcang:, “form, appearance”) (Luce, 1981).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • zorng5 - literary;
  • zing5 - vernacular (狀元);
  • zung5/zng5 - vernacular.
Note:
  • chōng - literary;
  • chiōng/chn̄g - vernacular.
Note: zeng7 - “certificate”.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 狀
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂuɑŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂuaŋ⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡suɑŋ⁵³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂuaŋ²¹/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂuaŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂuaŋ³¹²/
Xi'an /p͡faŋ⁴⁴/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂuɔ̃²¹³/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂuɑŋ¹³/
Lanzhou /p͡fɑ̃¹³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂuɑŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡suaŋ³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡suaŋ¹³/
Guiyang /t͡suaŋ²¹³/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂuã̠¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂuaŋ⁴⁴/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂuɑ̃⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡suɒ̃⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡suɑŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡suɑ̃⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /zɑ̃²³/
Suzhou /zɑ̃³¹/
Hangzhou /d͡zz̩ʷɑŋ¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑyɔ²²/
Hui Shexian /t͡so³²⁴/
Tunxi /t͡sʰau¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕyan⁵⁵/
/t͡ɕyan¹¹/
Xiangtan /t͡sɔn⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sɔŋ²²/
Nanning /t͡sɔŋ²²/
Hong Kong /t͡sɔŋ²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sɔŋ²²/
/t͡sŋ̍²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sɔyŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/ 告～
/t͡sɔŋ⁴²/ 形～
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡suaŋ³⁵/
/t͡sɯŋ³¹/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tuaŋ²³/
/to²³/
Rime
Character 狀
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 崇 (20)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 鋤亮切
Baxter dzrjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ʒɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖ͡ʐiɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡ʒiɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖ͡ʐɨaŋH/
Li
Rong 		/d͡ʒiaŋH/
Wang
Li 		/d͡ʒĭaŋH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɖ͡ʐʱi̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhuàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zong6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 狀
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhuàng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzrjangH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[dz]raŋ-s/
English form, appearance

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 狀
Reading # 1/1
No. 10312
Phonetic
component 		爿
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*zraŋs/

Definitions

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狀

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) form; appearance; state
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) shape
  3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) certificate
    獎狀／奖状  ―  jiǎngzhuàng  ―  certificate
  4. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to describe

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

状

Kyūjitai

狀

Kanji

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狀

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 状

Readings

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  • On (unclassified): じょう (jō)←じやう (zyau, historical)
  • Kun: かたち (katachi, 狀)

Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese 狀 (MC dzrjangH).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

狀 (eumhun 형상(形狀) 상)

  1. hanja form? of 상 (“form; appearance; state”)
  2. hanja form? of 상 (“shape”)

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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From Middle Chinese 狀 (MC dzrjangH).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕa̠(ː)ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul: [장(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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狀 (eumhun 문서 장 (munseo jang))

  1. hanja form? of 장 (“document; certificate”)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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狀: Hán Nôm readings: trạng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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