彎

See also: 弯

彎	U+5F4E, 彎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F4E

← 彍
[U+5F4D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

彏 →
[U+5F4F]

Translingual

Han character

彎 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+19, 22 strokes, cangjie input 女火弓 (VFN), four-corner 2220₇, composition ⿱龻弓)

Derived characters

壪(塆) 灣(湾) 䘎𡤶𡿞𢺯𣡩𧆅𨈊(𨂺) 𬣗𱇋(𬶥)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 361, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9904
Dae Jaweon: page 680, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1005, character 22
Unihan data for U+5F4E

Chinese

trad.		彎
simp.		弯

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (䜌) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蠻	*mroːn
矕	*mroːnʔ
變	*prons
鸞	*b·roːn
巒	*b·roːn
灤	*b·roːn
欒	*b·roːn
鑾	*b·roːn
臠	b·roːn, b·ronʔ
羉	*b·roːn
䜌	b·roːn, b·ron, *b·rons
灓	b·roːn, b·roːns, *b·rons
圝	*b·roːn
曫	*b·roːn
孿	smroːns, smrons
彎	*qroːn
灣	*qroːn
攣	*b·ron
孌	b·ronʔ, b·rons
戀	*b·rons
㪻	pʰlons, klons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qroːn): semantic 弓 (“bow”) + phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons).

Etymology

May be cognate with 迂 (OC *qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa).

“homosexual”: Semantic loan from English bent.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wān (wan¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): waan¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vân
Jin (Wiktionary): van¹
Eastern Min (BUC): uăng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): oaiⁿ / oan

(Teochew, Peng'im): uêng¹ / uang¹
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹ue

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wān
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wan
  - Wade–Giles: wan¹
  - Yale: wān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uan
  - Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wän⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: waan¹
  - Yale: wāan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: waan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: wan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /waːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vân
  - Hakka Romanization System: van^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: van¹
  - Sinological IPA: /van²⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: van¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /væ̃¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uăng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oaiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: uainn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: voay
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /uãi³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /uãi⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oan
  - Tâi-lô: uan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oafn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /uan³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Kinmen): /uan⁴⁴/

Note:

oaiⁿ - vernacular (“to act shamelessly; to be wronged”);
oan - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: uêng¹ / uang¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ueng / uang
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ueŋ³³/, /uaŋ³³/

Note:

uêng1 - Chaozhou;
uang1 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chenghai, Chaoyang.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹ue
  - MiniDict: ue^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ue
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ue⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ue⁴⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 彎
Mandarin	Beijing	/uan⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/uan⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/van²¹/
	Jinan	/vã²¹³/
	Qingdao	/vã²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/uan²⁴/
	Xi'an	/uã²¹/
	Xining	/uã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/van⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/vɛ̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/van⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/uan⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/uan⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/uan⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/uã̠⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/uaŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/uæ̃²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/væ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/uɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/væ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ue⁵³/
	Suzhou	/ue̞⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ʔuõ³³/
	Wenzhou	/v̠a³³/
Hui	Shexian	/uɛ³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/uːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/uan³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/uan³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/uan⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/van⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/vɑn²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wan⁵³/
	Nanning	/wan⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/wan⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/uan⁵⁵/ /uãi⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/uaŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/yiŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/uaŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/uaŋ²³/

Middle Chinese: 'waen

Rime
Character	彎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	刪 (70)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	烏關切
Baxter	'waen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠuan/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷᵚan/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔwaɨn/
Li Rong	/ʔuan/
Wang Li	/wan/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔwan/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	waan¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qroːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	彎
Reading #	1/1
No.	8626
Phonetic component	
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	彎
Old Chinese	/*qroːn/

Definitions

彎

to bend; to make bent
彎腰／弯腰 ― wānyāo ― to bend over
(Penang Hokkien) to turn; to make a turn; to change direction
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to draw a bow
bent; curved; crooked; arched
Antonym: 直 (zhí)

彎曲／弯曲 ― wānqū ― bent

彎路／弯路 ― wānlù ― curved road
(neologism, slang) gay; homosexual
Antonym: 直 (zhí)

彎男／弯男 ― wānnán ― gay man

變彎／变弯 ― biàn wān ― to turn a straight person gay
bend; turn; curve; crook
彎子／弯子 ― wānzi ― bend

拐彎／拐弯 ― guǎiwān ― to turn (at a corner)
(Chinese calligraphy) a bend (such as in ㇉, ㇌, ㇟, or ㇠)
(灣／湾 (wān))
1. a bend in a river
2. a bend in the coastline; bay, gulf
Classifier for bent objects, such as a quarter moon.
(Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to act shamelessly and unreasonably; to be a rascal
(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be wronged

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 轉 (“to turn; to make a turn; to change direction”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		轉, 拐
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	拐
	Taiwan	轉
	Malaysia	轉
	Singapore	轉
Cantonese	Guangzhou	轉
	Hong Kong	轉
	Macau	轉
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	轉
	Penang (Guangfu)	轉
	Singapore (Guangfu)	轉
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	斡
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	斡
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	斡
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	斡
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	斡
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	斡
Southern Min	Xiamen	斡
	Quanzhou	斡
	Zhangzhou	斡
	Tainan	斡
	Penang (Hokkien)	彎
	Singapore (Hokkien)	斡
	Manila (Hokkien)	斡
	Chaozhou	斡
	Shantou	斡

Coordinate terms

(basic character strokes) 點 / 点 (diǎn), 橫 / 横, 豎 / 竖 (shù), 提, 捺 (nà), 撇, 折, 鉤 / 钩 (gōu), 彎 / 弯 (wān), 斜

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (彎):

→ Japanese: 彎(わん) (wan)
→ Korean: 만(彎) (man)
→ Vietnamese: loan (彎)

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	弯
Kyūjitai	彎

Kanji

彎

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 弯)

bend, curve
stretching a bow

Readings

Go-on: えん (en)^{←ゑん (wen, historical)}
Kan-on: わん (wan)
Kun: ひく (hiku, 彎く)、ひきまかなう (hikimakanau, 彎う)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
彎
わん Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 彎 (MC 'waen). Compare modern Mandarin 彎／弯 (wān).

Note that this character is replaced in modern Japanese by the simplified character 湾 (wan), rather than the simplified Chinese character 弯 (wān, “bend, curve”). The Japanese simplified version means bay or inlet when used on its own, but now also includes the bend, curve meanings when used in compounds.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) わん [wáꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [β̞ã̠ɴ]

Noun

彎(わん) • (wan)

a bend, a curve

Derived terms

彎月, 湾月 (わんげつ, wangetsu): a crescent moon
彎曲, 湾曲 (わんきょく, wankyoku): a bend, a curve
彎屈, 湾屈 (わんくつ, wankutsu): bending over, stooping
彎珠 (わんじゅ, wanju): alternate name for 袴葛 (hakamakazura), a kind of orchid tree: Phanera japonica, syn. Bauhinia japonica
彎入, 湾入 (わんにゅう, wannyū): an inlet or bay along a coast

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

彎 (eum 만 (man))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

彎: Hán Nôm readings: loan, thoăn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[1]