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層

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 层
層 U+5C64, 層
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C64
← 屣
[U+5C63] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 履 →
[U+5C65]

層 U+FA3B, 層
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA3B
← 墨
[U+FA3A] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 屮 →
[U+FA3C]

Translingual

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Traditional 層
Simplified 层
Japanese 層
Korean 層

Han character

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層 (Kangxi radical 44, 尸+12 in Chinese, 尸+11 in Japanese, 15 strokes in Chinese, 14 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 尸金田日 (SCWA), four-corner 77266, composition ⿸尸曾(GHTKV or U+FA3B) or ⿸尸曽(J))

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 303, character 40
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7798
  • Dae Jaweon: page 601, character 34
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 981, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5C64

Chinese

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trad. 層
simp. 层
alternative forms 曾

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 層
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (曾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
潧 *ʔsrɯn
繒 *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ
增 *ʔsɯːŋ, *ʔsɯːŋs
憎 *ʔsɯːŋ
磳 *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ
曾 *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ
矰 *ʔsɯːŋ
罾 *ʔsɯːŋ
熷 *ʔsɯːŋ
竲 *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ
橧 *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ
譄 *ʔsɯːŋ
蹭 *sʰɯːŋs
層 *zɯːŋ
贈 *zɯːŋs
僧 *sɯːŋ
鬙 *sɯːŋ
甑 *ʔsɯŋs
鄫 *zɯŋ
驓 *zɯŋ
嶒 *zɯŋ
噌 *sʰɯːŋ
鏳 *zrɯːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zɯːŋ) : semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).

Etymology

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The Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • chân - classifier;
  • chàn - story/level, 棧 is also used.
Rime
Character 層
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 登 (129)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 昨楞切
Baxter dzong
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡zəŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡zəŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡zəŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡zəŋ/
Li
Rong 		/d͡zəŋ/
Wang
Li 		/d͡zəŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡zʱəŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		céng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cang4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 層 層
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		céng céng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzong › ‹ dzong ›
Old
Chinese 		/*N-s-tˁəŋ/ /*m-s-tˁəŋ/
English in two storeys, double additional floor, field

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 層
Reading # 1/1
No. 16626
Phonetic
component 		曾
Rime
group 		蒸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*zɯːŋ/

Definitions

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層

  1. to pile up; to overlap
  2. thing made of layers
  3. layer; storey; floor; stratum
  4. Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels.
  5. (Southern Min) Classifier for events.

Synonyms

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Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (層):
  • → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)
  • → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)

Others:

References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai 層
Kyūjitai
[1]
層
&#xFA3B;
or
層+&#xFE00;?
層󠄁
層+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
層󠄃
層+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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層

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 層)

  1. layer, level

Readings

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Synonyms

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References

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  1. ^ “層”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

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Hanja

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層 (eum 층 (cheung))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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層: Hán Việt readings: tằng[1][2][3][4][5]
層: Nôm readings: tàng[4], tầng[1][6][7], từng[1][4]

  1. Nôm form of tầng (“layer; storey; floor”).

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Génibrel (1898).
  2. ^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
  3. ^ Nguyễn (1974).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Hồ (1976).
  5. ^ Trần (1999).
  6. ^ Bonet (1899).
  7. ^ Nguyễn et al. (2009).
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