ἕτερος
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *hə́teros, from Proto-Indo-European *sḿ̥teros, from the zero grade of the root *sem- (“one", from which also comes Ancient Greek εἷς (heîs), "one”) + *-teros (contrastive suffix, from which also comes Ancient Greek -τερος (-teros)). Cognates include Sanskrit एकतर (ekatara), Breton hanter, and perhaps Old English sunder (English asunder).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hé.te.ros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)e.te.ros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈe.te.ros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈe.te.ros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈe.te.ros/
Adjective
[edit]ἕτερος • (héteros) m (feminine ἑτέρᾱ, neuter ἕτερον); first/second declension
- one or the other of two
- (repeated at a distance) either ... or ...
- (repeated consecutively) one after the other
- other, another, second (often of pairs)
- different
Declension
[edit]Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ἕτερος héteros |
ἑτέρᾱ hetérā |
ἕτερον héteron |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἑτέρᾱ hetérā |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἕτεροι héteroi |
ἕτεραι héterai |
ἕτερᾰ hétera | |||||
Genitive | ἑτέρου hetérou |
ἑτέρᾱς hetérās |
ἑτέρου hetérou |
ἑτέροιν hetéroin |
ἑτέραιν hetérain |
ἑτέροιν hetéroin |
ἑτέρων hetérōn |
ἑτέρων hetérōn |
ἑτέρων hetérōn | |||||
Dative | ἑτέρῳ hetérōi |
ἑτέρᾳ hetérāi |
ἑτέρῳ hetérōi |
ἑτέροιν hetéroin |
ἑτέραιν hetérain |
ἑτέροιν hetéroin |
ἑτέροις hetérois |
ἑτέραις hetérais |
ἑτέροις hetérois | |||||
Accusative | ἕτερον héteron |
ἑτέρᾱν hetérān |
ἕτερον héteron |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἑτέρᾱ hetérā |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἑτέρους hetérous |
ἑτέρᾱς hetérās |
ἕτερᾰ hétera | |||||
Vocative | ἕτερε hétere |
ἑτέρᾱ hetérā |
ἕτερον héteron |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἑτέρᾱ hetérā |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἕτεροι héteroi |
ἕτεραι héterai |
ἕτερᾰ hétera | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ἑτέρως hetérōs |
— | — | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ἕτερος héteros |
ἑτέρη hetérē |
ἕτερον héteron |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἑτέρᾱ hetérā |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἕτεροι héteroi |
ἕτεραι héterai |
ἕτερᾰ hétera | |||||
Genitive | ἑτέρου hetérou |
ἑτέρης hetérēs |
ἑτέρου hetérou |
ἑτέροιν hetéroin |
ἑτέραιν hetérain |
ἑτέροιν hetéroin |
ἑτέρων hetérōn |
ἑτερέων / ἑτερῶν heteréōn / heterôn |
ἑτέρων hetérōn | |||||
Dative | ἑτέρῳ hetérōi |
ἑτέρῃ hetérēi |
ἑτέρῳ hetérōi |
ἑτέροιν hetéroin |
ἑτέραιν hetérain |
ἑτέροιν hetéroin |
ἑτέροισῐ / ἑτέροισῐν / ἑτέροις hetéroisi(n) / hetérois |
ἑτέρῃσῐ / ἑτέρῃσῐν hetérēisi(n) |
ἑτέροισῐ / ἑτέροισῐν / ἑτέροις hetéroisi(n) / hetérois | |||||
Accusative | ἕτερον héteron |
ἑτέρην hetérēn |
ἕτερον héteron |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἑτέρᾱ hetérā |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἑτέρους hetérous |
ἑτέρᾱς hetérās |
ἕτερᾰ hétera | |||||
Vocative | ἕτερε hétere |
ἑτέρη hetérē |
ἕτερον héteron |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἑτέρᾱ hetérā |
ἑτέρω hetérō |
ἕτεροι héteroi |
ἕτεραι héterai |
ἕτερᾰ hétera | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ἑτέρως hetérōs |
— | — | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
[edit]- ἑτεραλκής (heteralkḗs)
- ἑτερογενής (heterogenḗs)
- κῠκλᾰ́μῑνος ἑτέρᾱ (kuklámīnos hetérā)
- μηδέτερος (mēdéteros)
Descendants
[edit]- Greek: ετερο- (etero-)
- → Asturian: hetero-
- → Danish: hetero-
- → Dutch: hetero-
- → English: hetero-
- → Finnish: hetero-
- → French: hétéro-
- → Galician: hetero-
- → German: hetero-
- → Hungarian: hetero-
- → Irish: heitri-
- → Portuguese: hetero-
- → Romanian: hetero-
- → Russian: гетеро- (getero-)
- → Spanish: hetero-
- → Swedish: hetero-
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “ἕτερος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἕτερος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἕτερος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἕτερος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- ἕτερος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ἕτερος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2087 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sem-
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek adjectives
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms