𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷

Old Uyghur

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *öŋ (“color, shape”). Cognate with Khakas ӧң, Yakut өҥ (öñ).

Noun

𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾwynk)

1. color

   Synonyms: 𐽼𐽳𐽸𐽳𐽲 (bodug), بوى (boy)

2. form, shape, appearance

   Synonyms: 𐽼𐽳𐽸 (bod), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽷 (körk)

   • c. 11th century, Viśvantara-Jātaka^[1]; Buddhist Old Uyghur Manuscript (Berliner Texte XIII)‎^[2], BT13.03.02.v21-24 (77-80):

     𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽻𐽰𐽺𐾂𐽽𐽶𐽷 𐽰𐽶𐽸𐽳𐽵𐾄 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽷𐾁𐽳𐽷 𐽶 𐾈
     𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽸𐽰𐽺 𐽲𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽼 𐽹𐽳 𐽲𐽳𐾀𐽸𐽳𐽺𐽷 𐽻𐽺 𐾈
     𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽷𐽳𐽻𐽳𐽴 𐽶𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽴 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 𐽰𐽰𐽳 𐽰 𐾈
     𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽰 𐽲𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽼 𐽹𐽳 𐽶𐽰𐾀𐽸𐽶𐽺𐽷 𐽻𐽺 𐾉

     Küsenčig, ïduk, körklüg i!
     Küden kïlïp mu koḍduŋ sen?
     Körgüsüz, yavïz öŋ ar a!
     Köre kïlïp mu yatdïŋ sen?

     O, longed-for, sanctitious and handsome one!
     Halting the wedding, did you leave [your bride alone]?
     O, [one who is stuck] between disrespectful [and] bad-appearing [people]!
     Having seen and done [this], [how] could you sleep [knowing this fact]?

3. face color

   Synonyms: 𐽰𐽺𐽷 (eŋ), 𐽵𐾄𐽶𐽺𐽷 (kïŋ), 𐽹𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽴 (meŋiz)

4. (rare, archaic) front, east

   Synonyms: 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ilgerü), 𐽷𐽳𐽺 𐾀𐽳𐽲𐽰𐽾 (kün tugar), 𐽷𐽳𐽺 𐾀𐽳𐽲𐽻𐽳𐽵𐾄 𐽶𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽵𐾄 (kün tugsuk yïŋak), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐾀𐽳𐽺 (öŋtüŋ)

Derived terms

• 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽸𐽳 (öŋdü, “tradition”)
• 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽶 (öŋi, “unique, separate”)
• 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (öŋlemek, “to color”)
• 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽰 (öŋre, “before”)
• 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽻𐽶𐽾𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (öŋsiremek, “to fade, to become faint (of colors)”)
• 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐾀𐽳𐽺 (öŋtün, “towards east, right side”)
• 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽽 (öŋüč, “windpipe, glottis”)
• 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽳𐽾 (öŋür, “skirt lapel”)
• 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽷 (öŋürmek, “to get close”)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *öŋ (“uninhabited, desolate area”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰇𐰭 (öŋ, “desert”), Kyrgyz ээн (een, “deserted”), Tuvan ээн (een).

Noun

𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (öŋ)

1. (geography) desert

   Synonyms: 𐽲𐾄𐽳𐽹 (kum), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽳𐽷 (kürtük), 𐾁𐽶𐽳𐽿𐽰 (liuša), 𐽻𐽰𐽶 (say), 𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽶𐽾𐽷𐽰𐽺 (tepirgen), 𐾀𐽼𐽶𐽴 (tepiz)

   • c. 10th century, Maitrisimit Nom Bitig (Maitreyasamitināṭaka Manuscript in Old Uyghur)‎^[3], r20 (MaitrGeng1860):

     𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽰𐽺𐽹𐽶𐽿 𐽰𐽶𐽽𐽳𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐾀𐽰 𐽷𐽳𐽾𐾀𐽳𐽷 𐽸𐽰

     […] tapanmïš üčün, öŋte kürtükde […]

     For he served [him], in deserts and wastelands […]

2. (geography) snowy wasteland

   Synonym: 𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽾𐾁𐽶𐽲 (karlïg)

   • (Can we date this quote?), Double leaflet fragment from a religious sermon; Manichaeistic Old Uyghur Manuscript‎^[4], MTT556-557 (M813a:r8-r9):

     𐫕𐫀𐫖𐫡 𐫛𐫇𐫔𐫇𐫗 𐫀 𐫀𐫇𐫏𐫗𐫐 𐫞𐫇𐫡𐫏𐫕𐫇𐫐 𐫏𐫏𐫡𐫔𐫀 𐫡𐫀𐫡

     […] tamïr bodun a[nta] öŋ körtük yérde [***]rer.

     […] with their bodies of vein (?) [walking] in the snow-desert.

3. (geography) virgin land

   Synonym: 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽳𐽷 (kürtük)

Derived terms

• 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 𐽶𐽶𐽾 (öŋ yér, “desert”)

Etymology 3

Unknown.

Noun

𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (öŋ)

1. share, margin

   Synonyms: 𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽲 (ülüg), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾁𐽳𐽿 (ülüš)

2. gift

   Synonyms: 𐽰𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽳𐾀 (artut), 𐽼𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽷 (belek), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺𐽽 (közünč)

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 王 (*ɦuaŋ, “king”).

Noun

𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (öŋ)

1. king, ruler

   Synonyms: 𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (élig), 𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽰𐽷𐽲𐽸𐽰𐽾 (ganahdar), 𐽲𐽰𐽺 (han), 𐽷𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽺 (kagan), 𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽿𐽺𐽶𐽷𐽶 (prašniké), 𐽿𐽰𐽸 (šad), 𐽶𐽰𐽱𐽲𐽳 (yavgu)

2. prince

   Synonyms: 𐽰𐽳𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽺 (oglan), 𐽾𐽰𐽽𐽰𐽼𐽳𐾀𐽶𐽾𐽰 (račaputira), 𐾀𐽰𐽶𐽴𐽶 (taizé), 𐾀𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽺 (tégin)

Etymology 5

Corrupted or a dialectal form of Old Uyghur 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷 (ög, “mother”).

Noun

𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (öŋ)

1. (dialectal) mother

Adjective

𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (öŋ)

1. (dialectal) main, fundamental

See also

Colors in Old Uyghur · 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (öŋ) (layout · text)

𐽰𐽰𐽵𐾄 (ak), 𐽽𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽺 (čagan), 𐽶𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 (yürüŋ)	𐽼𐽳𐽴 (boz)	𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽾𐽰 (kara)
𐽰𐽰𐾁 (al), 𐽰𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽶𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽹 (ïŋïrdïm), 𐽵𐾄𐽶𐽴𐽶𐾁 (kïzïl)	𐽰𐽰𐽾 (ar), 𐽼𐽳𐽴𐽳𐽾𐽲𐾄𐽰 (bozurga), 𐽵𐾄𐽳𐾁𐽰 (kula), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽴 (yagïz)	𐽻𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽲𐾄 (sarïg), 𐽶𐽰𐽿𐽶𐾁 (yašïl)
	𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kök), 𐽶𐽰𐽿𐽶𐾁 (yašïl)
	𐽽𐽰𐽷𐽶𐽾 (čakïr), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kök)
	𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (yipgin, yépgin)

References

• Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “öng”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 151
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “1 (öŋ), (2) öŋ, (3) öŋ (?üŋ)”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 167-168
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(2) oŋ”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 510
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) öŋ, (2) öŋ, (3) öŋ, (4) öŋ, (7) öŋ”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 533-534