𐽽𐽰𐽽

Old Uyghur

Alternative forms

• 𐽽𐽰𐽿 (cʾš /⁠čaš⁠/), 𐽿𐽰𐽿 (šʾš /⁠šaš⁠/)

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 硨磲 (t͡ɕʰia ɡɨʌ, “mother-of-pearl, nacre”).

Attested only in Altun Yaruḳ.

Noun

𐽽𐽰𐽽 (cʾc /čač/)

1. (mineralogy) turquoise
   • c. 10th century, 1361, 1687, Šéŋko Šeli Tutuŋ (勝光闍梨都統), Altun Yaruḳ, 4th Chapter: 70.5-70.7‎^[N/A]:

     𐽺𐽷𐽶 𐽰𐽰𐽸𐽾𐽳𐽲 𐽰𐽰𐽸𐽾𐽳𐽲 𐽶𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽳 𐽽𐽰𐽽
     𐽷𐽰𐽻 […] 𐽳𐽺 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽹𐽳𐽻 𐽰𐽸 𐾀𐽰𐽱𐽰𐽾 𐾁𐽰𐽾
     𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽽𐽰 𐽼𐾁𐽷𐽳𐽾𐽰𐽾 𐽰𐽾𐽻𐽰𐽾 𐾁𐽰𐽾 𐾈

     nky ʾʾdrwq ʾʾdrwq yyncw cʾc
     kʾs […] wn kwymws ʾd tʾβʾr lʾr
     pʾrcʾ plkwrʾr ʾrsʾr lʾr

     / […] [öŋi ö]ŋi, adroḳ adroḳ yinčü, čač,
     ḳaš, [alt]un, ḳümüš, ed tavarlar
     barča belgürer erserler. […] /

     […] If all and all kinds of pearls, turquoise, jade, [gold] and silver, possessions and goods, all of them appear like so. […]

Declension

Declension of 𐽽𐽰𐽽

	singular	definite plural
nominative	𐽽𐽰𐽽 (cʾc)	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐾁𐽰𐽾 (cʾclʾr)
genitive	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (cʾcnynk)	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (cʾclʾrnynk)
dative	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐽷𐽰 (cʾckʾ)	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (cʾclʾrkʾ)
accusative	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐽶𐽲 (cʾcyq) 𐽽𐽰𐽽𐽺𐽶 (cʾcny)	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (cʾclʾryq) 𐽽𐽰𐽽𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (cʾclʾrny)
locative	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐾀𐽰 (cʾctʾ)	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (cʾclʾrtʾ)
ablative	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐾀𐽶𐽺 (cʾctyn)	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (cʾclʾrtyn)
instrumental	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐽶𐽺 (cʾcyn)	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (cʾclʾryn)
equative	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐽽𐽰 (cʾccʾ)
directive	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (cʾckʾrw)
similative	𐽽𐽰𐽽𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (cʾclʾyw)

Descendants

• → Mongolian: час (čas, “a kind of gemstone, turquoise”) (obsolete)
  • ⇒ Mongolian: час улаан (čas ulaan, “purple, scarlet, crimson”)

See also

Colors in Old Uyghur · 𐽼𐽳𐽸𐽳𐽲 (pwdwq /⁠boduġ⁠/), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾwynk /⁠öŋ⁠/) (layout · text)

𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /⁠aḳ⁠/), 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywrwnk /⁠yürüŋ⁠/)	𐽼𐽳𐽴 (pwz /⁠boz⁠/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /⁠kök⁠/)	𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽰 (qʾrʾ /⁠ḳara⁠/)
𐽰𐽰𐾁 (ʾʾl /⁠al⁠/), 𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽶𐾁 (qyzyl /⁠ḳïzïl⁠/)	𐽰𐽰𐽾 (ʾʾr /⁠ar⁠/), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽴 (yʾqyz /⁠yaġïz⁠/)	𐽻𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (sʾryq /⁠sarïġ⁠/), 𐽷𐽾𐽰𐽴 (krʾz /⁠ḳaraža⁠/)
	𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /⁠kök⁠/), 𐽶𐽰𐽿 (yʾš /⁠yaš⁠/), 𐽶𐽰𐽿𐽶𐾁 (yʾšyl /⁠yašïl⁠/)
𐽽𐽰𐽽 (cʾc /⁠čač⁠/)	𐽽𐽰𐽷𐽶𐽾 (cʾkyr /⁠čaḳïr⁠/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /⁠kök⁠/)	𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽳𐽿 (kwykwš /⁠köküš⁠/), 𐽾𐽴𐽰𐽱𐽾𐾀 (rzʾβrt /⁠razavart⁠/)
𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (yypkyn /⁠yipgin⁠/)		𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (qyzqʾn /⁠ḳïzġan⁠/), 𐽻𐽰𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (sʾzqʾn /⁠sazġan⁠/)

References

• Kaya, Ceval (1994) Uygurca Altun Yaruk: Giriş, Metin ve Dizin (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 607) (in Turkish), →ISBN, page 95
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “čač”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 215