𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺
Old Uyghur
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- 𐽰𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (ʾypkyn /ipgin/), 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽲𐾄𐽶𐽺 (yypq̈yn /yipġïn/), 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽳𐽺 (yypkwn /yipkün/), 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽳𐽺 (yypwn /yipün/), 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽶𐽺 (yypyn /yipin/), 𐽿𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (šypkyn /šipkin/)
- 𐫏𐫏𐫛𐫇𐫗 (yypwn /yibün/), 𐫏𐫛𐫏𐫇𐫗 (ypywn /y(i)bün/)
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yipkin (“purple, dark red”), from earlier *(y)ip-, further origin unknown. Either from a derivation of Old Uyghur 𐽶𐽶𐽼 (yyp /yip/, “string, thread, (and by extension) silk”), or from a Pre-Turkic substratum. Cognate with Karakhanid یِپْگِنْ (yipgin) and Tuvan өкпең (ökpeñ).
Adjective
[edit]𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (yypkyn /yipgin, yépgin/)
- purple, violet, redbud, mulberry, pink, rose, dark red
- undated, unknown, Tantric Treatise, A.12 (r12)[1]:
- 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽶𐽿 𐽷𐽾𐽷𐽰𐽷 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐾁𐽳𐽷 𐽶𐽰𐽾𐽳𐽲𐾄 𐽶𐽰𐽰𐽿𐽳𐽲𐾂
- ʾwrmyš krkʾk ywrwnk yypyn ʾwynklwk yʾrwq̈ yʾʾšwq̇
- / […] urmïš krgek[.] Yoruŋ yipin öŋlüg yaruḳ yašuḳ […] /
- […] need to be bound [with chains.] A light-violet beam shines through […]
![[1]](https://turfan.bbaw.de/dta/mainz/images/mainz0732_I_seite1_detail1.jpg){kind=link}
Compound terms
[edit]- 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽳𐽺 𐽽𐽶𐽱𐽿𐽶𐽷 (yypwn cyβšyk /yipün čivšig/, “pink”)
- 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽸𐽳 (yypkyn ʾwrdw /yipgin ordo/, “Chinese imperial court”, literally “purple palace”)
Noun
[edit]𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (yypkyn /yipgin, yépgin/)
- (botany) violet, any flower from the family Violaceae
- (botany) lotus, any plant from the genus Nymphaea
Declension
[edit]| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (yypkyn) | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 (yypkynlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (yypkynnynk) | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (yypkynlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰 (yypkynkʾ) | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (yypkynlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐽶𐽲 (yypkynyq) 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽶 (yypkynny) |
𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (yypkynlʾryq) 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (yypkynlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰 (yypkyntʾ) | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (yypkynlʾrtʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽶𐽺 (yypkyntyn) | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (yypkynlʾrtyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐽶𐽺 (yypkynyn) | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (yypkynlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽰 (yypkyncʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (yypkynkʾrw) | |
| similative | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (yypkynlʾyw) |
See also
[edit]| 𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /aḳ/), 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywrwnk /yürüŋ/) | 𐽼𐽳𐽴 (pwz /boz/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /kök/) | 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽰 (qʾrʾ /ḳara/) |
| 𐽰𐽰𐾁 (ʾʾl /al/), 𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽶𐾁 (qyzyl /ḳïzïl/) | 𐽰𐽰𐽾 (ʾʾr /ar/), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽴 (yʾqyz /yaġïz/) | 𐽻𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (sʾryq /sarïġ/), 𐽷𐽾𐽰𐽴 (krʾz /ḳaraža/) |
| 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /kök/), 𐽶𐽰𐽿 (yʾš /yaš/), 𐽶𐽰𐽿𐽶𐾁 (yʾšyl /yašïl/) | ||
| 𐽽𐽰𐽽 (cʾc /čač/) | 𐽽𐽰𐽷𐽶𐽾 (cʾkyr /čaḳïr/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /kök/) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽳𐽿 (kwykwš /köküš/), 𐽾𐽴𐽰𐽱𐽾𐾀 (rzʾβrt /razavart/) |
| 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (yypkyn /yipgin/) | 𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (qyzqʾn /ḳïzġan/), 𐽻𐽰𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (sʾzqʾn /sazġan/) |
References
[edit]- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “yipin, yipkin, yipün”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, pages 297, 298
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yipin/yipün”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 875
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yipgil (Hap. leg.)/yipgün”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 875, 876
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “yipgin, yipin, yipkin, yipün”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 905