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行李

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

[edit]
to go; to do; capable
to go; to do; capable; all right; competent; OK; to travel; temporary; to walk; will do; behaviour; conduct; a row; profession; professional
 
 phonetic
trad. (行李) 行 李
simp. #(行李) 行 李

Etymology

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From 行理 (“messenger”).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 行 李
Reading # 2/4 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 庚 (109) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II III
Fanqie 戸庚切 良士切
Baxter haeng liX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦˠæŋ/ /lɨX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦᵚaŋ/ /lɨX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣaŋ/ /lieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦaɨjŋ/ /lɨX/
Li
Rong 		/ɣɐŋ/ /liəX/
Wang
Li 		/ɣɐŋ/ /lĭəX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɣɐŋ/ /liX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		héng lǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hang4 lei5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 行 李
Reading # 2/3 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xíng lǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hæng › ‹ liX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*Cə.[ɡ]ˁraŋ/ /*C.rəʔ/
English walk (v.) plum

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 行 李
Reading # 3/4 1/1
No. 13867 17869
Phonetic
component 		行 子
Rime
group 		陽 之
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		行 里
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡraːŋ/ /*rɯʔ/

Noun

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行李

  1. belongings one carries for travelling; luggage; baggage (Classifier: 件 m c; 奇 mn)
    行李托運／行李托运  ―  xínglǐ tuōyùn  ―  bag drop
    行李安檢／行李安检  ―  xínglǐ ānjiǎn  ―  luggage inspection
    行李寄存處／行李寄存处  ―  xínglǐ jìcúnchù  ―  luggage deposit
    托運行李／托运行李  ―  tuōyùn xínglǐ  ―  to check through luggage
    行李傳送帶／行李传送带  ―  xínglǐ chuánsòngdài  ―  baggage carousel
    請把他的行李拿回家。 [MSC, trad.]
    请把他的行李拿回家。 [MSC, simp.]
    Qǐng bǎ tā de xíngli ná huíjiā. [Pinyin]
    Please take his luggage back home.
    行李讓雨給淋濕了。 [MSC, trad.]
    行李让雨给淋湿了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Xíngli ràng yǔ gěi lìnshī le. [Pinyin]
    The luggage was soaked by rain.
  2. (Classical) herald; messenger

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (行李):
  • → Japanese: 行李(こうり) (kōri)
  • → Korean: 행리(行李) (haengni)
  • → Vietnamese: hành lí (行李)

Others:

See also

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References

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  • Duffus, William (1883) “baggage”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 16

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
行 李
こう
Grade: 2 		り
Jinmeiyō
kan'on on'yomi
Alternative spelling
梱
行李・梱 (kōri, kori): a wicker trunk.
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/kauri/ → /kɔːri/ → /koːri/

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 行李 (MC haeng liX, “baggage, luggage”). First cited in Japanese in a section of the 続日本紀 (Shoku Nihongi) dated to 706.[1]

Pronunciation

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Counter

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行(こう)李(り) • (-kōri) ←かうり (-kauri)?

  1. [from 1867] used to count items of luggage, cargo, or freight: box, bundle, item, bale, package
Usage notes
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More commonly encountered with the shortened reading kori.[1][2][4]

Noun

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行(こう)李(り) • (kōri) ←かうり (kauri)?

  1. [from 1612] a wicker trunk used as luggage, with a lid that slides down over the top, generally made of bamboo, willow, or wisteria
    Synonym: 葛籠 (tsuzura, more general term for any wicker basket or box)
  2. [from 892] a messenger, an envoy
    Synonym: 使者 (shisha)
  3. [from 706] luggage, baggage (what one takes on a trip to contain one's possessions)
    Synonym: 荷物 (nimotsu)
  4. [from early 1100s] a trip, a voyage (by extension from the luggage sense)
    Synonyms: 旅 (tabi), 旅行 (ryokō)
  5. [from 1939] (historical, military) in the former Japanese army, the unit tasked with transporting materiel and supplies: military logistics

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
行 李
こう > こ
Grade: 2 		り
Jinmeiyō
irregular on'yomi
Alternative spelling
梱

/kɔːri/ → /kori/

Analyzable as a shortening of the kōri reading. First cited in 1523.[5]

Pronunciation

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Counter

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行(こ)李(り) • (-kori) 

  1. [from late 1870s] used to count items of luggage, cargo, or freight: box, bundle, item, bale, package

Noun

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行(こ)李(り) • (kori) 

  1. [from 1523] a bundle of one or more pieces of luggage secured with rope or cord
  2. [from 1603] a wicker trunk used as luggage, with a lid that slides down over the top, generally made of bamboo, willow, or wisteria
    Synonym: 葛籠 (tsuzura, more general term for any wicker basket or box)

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
行 李
あん
Grade: 2 		り
Jinmeiyō
tōon on'yomi

Shift from earlier kōri reading to adopt the tō-on reading for the initial 行 character. May be either a later re-borrowing from Chinese, or influenced by later changes in Chinese pronunciation.

First attested in the 1230s.[6]

This reading is not included in various dictionaries[2][3][4] and may be obsolete.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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行(あん)李(り) • (anri) 

  1. [from 1230s] (Zen Buddhism) Alternative spelling of 行履 (anri): daily life, what one does in a regular day
    Synonyms: 行住坐臥 (gyōjūzaga, Zen terminology, literally “going, staying, sitting, lying down”), 日常生活 (nichijō seikatsu, general terminology, literally “daily lifestyle”)
  2. [from 1548] (archaic, possibly obsolete) luggage, baggage (what one takes on a trip to contain one's possessions)
    Synonym: 荷物 (nimotsu)
  3. [from 1717] (archaic, possibly obsolete) a messenger, an envoy
    Synonym: 使者 (shisha)

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 “行李・梱”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ “梱・行李”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  6. ^ “行李”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[3] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term
行李

Noun

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行李

  1. chữ Hán form of hành lí (“luggage; baggage”).
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