蝴蝶

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Chinese

[edit]
butterfly
trad. (蝴蝶)
simp. #(蝴蝶)
2nd round simp. 胡蛈
alternative forms 胡蝶 obsolete
Wikipedia has articles on:

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle Chinese *ɦuo dep (first syllable unstressed), from Old Chinese *ɡaː l'eːb, derived from a proto-form of *kʰleːp ~ *ɦleːp, a prefixed form of the root *lep (“butterfly”), which was also the source of.

Variants of 胡蝶 / 蝴蝶, representing different developments from the proto-form, including disyllabification, fricativisation of the voiceless initial, etc.:

(OC *l'eːb), (OC *seːb), 胡蜨 / 蝴蜨 (OC *ɡaː seːb), 蛺蝶 (OC *keːb l'eːb), 蛺蜨 (OC *keːb seːb).

There are different theories regarding the original meaning of the root *lep:

Alternatively, Sun (1999) proposes that 蝴蝶 is a fission reduplication of two cognate bases, the former being more likely:

  • (OC *ɡeːb, “to press from both sides; to carry something under one's arms”), alluding to the flapping motion of the butterfly's wings, or
  • (OC *kreːb, “pincers”), from the way the butterfly holds its wings erect when not flying.

Compare Proto-Austronesian *kali-, *qali- (prefix for words with a sensitive reference to the spirit world, including “butterfly”).

Pronunciation

[edit]


Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 2/2
Initial () (33) (7)
Final () (23) (158)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I IV
Fanqie
Baxter hu dep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦuo/ /dep̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦuo/ /dep̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣo/ /dɛp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦɔ/ /dɛp̚/
Li
Rong
/ɣo/ /dep̚/
Wang
Li
/ɣu/ /diep̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ɣuo/ /dʱiep̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dié
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
wu4 dip6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dié
Middle
Chinese
‹ dep ›
Old
Chinese
/*lˁep/
English hu-dep: butterfly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 2/2
No. 4254 11580
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡaː/ /*l'eːb/
Notes

Noun

[edit]

蝴蝶

蝴蝶 (1)
  1. butterfly (Classifier: )
  2. (Hokkien) hinge (device for the pivoting of a door)

Synonyms

[edit]
  • (butterfly):

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
Sino-Xenic (胡蝶, 蝴蝶):

See also

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]
Kanji in this term

Hyōgai
ちょう
Jinmeiyō
on'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 蝴蝶 – see the following entry.
胡蝶こちょう
[noun] butterfly
(This term, 蝴蝶, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)