線

See also: 缐, 綫, and 线

線	U+7DDA, 線 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7DDA

← 緙
[U+7DD9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

緛 →
[U+7DDB]

Translingual

Japanese	線
Simplified	线
Traditional	線

Han character

線 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 女火竹日水 (VFHAE), four-corner 2693₂, composition ⿰糹泉)

Derived characters

𦌶

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 930, character 5
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27641
Dae Jaweon: page 1368, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3428, character 5
Unihan data for U+7DDA

Chinese

缐 (xiàn) - Only used as a surname
trad.		線/綫
simp.		线/缐

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 線
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (泉) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
線	*sqʰeːns
泉	*sɡʷen
葲	*sɡʷen
灥	kʰʷjen, sɢʷin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sqʰeːns) : semantic 糹 + phonetic 泉 (OC *sɡʷen).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xiàn (xian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xian⁴

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щян (xi͡an, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sin³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhen¹
Gan (Wiktionary): xien⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sien

(Meixian, Guangdong): xiên⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): xie³
Northern Min (KCR): sui̿ng
Eastern Min (BUC): siáng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): syo⁴ / syaⁿ⁴ / soeng⁴ / syeng⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sòaⁿ / siàn

(Teochew, Peng'im): suan³

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): sua³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵shi
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sienn⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
  - Wade–Giles: hsien⁴
  - Yale: syàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
  - Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: xian⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xian
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɛn²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щян (xi͡an, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiæ̃⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sin³
  - Yale: sin
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sin³
  - Guangdong Romanization: xin³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːn³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬen³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: xien⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɛn³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sien
  - Hakka Romanization System: xien
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /si̯en⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xiên⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /siɛn⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: xie³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕie⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sui̿ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suiŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: siáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɑŋ²¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: syo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬyɒ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: syaⁿ⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬỹã⁴²/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: soeng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬœŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: syeng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬyøŋ⁴²/

Note:

syo4/syaⁿ4 - vernacular;
soeng4/syeng4 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sòaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: suànn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: svoax
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /suã²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /suã¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /suã⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siàn
  - Tâi-lô: siàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siexn
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /siɛn²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /siɛn⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /siɛn¹¹/

Note:

sòaⁿ - vernacular;
siàn - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: suan³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suàⁿ
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /sũã²¹³/
(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: sua³
- Sinological IPA: /sua²¹/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵shi
  - MiniDict: shi^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²xi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕi³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: sienn⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /si̯ẽ⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕi̯ẽ⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: sjenH

Rime
Character	線
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	私箭切
Baxter	sjenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siᴇn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/siɛn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/sjæn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sian^H/
Li Rong	/siɛn^H/
Wang Li	/sĭɛn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯ɛn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sin³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sqʰeːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	線
Reading #	1/1
No.	10727
Phonetic component	泉
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	線
Old Chinese	/*sqʰeːns/
Notes	古文綫

Definitions

線

thread
thread-like object; wire; line; string; ray
釣線／钓线 ― diàoxiàn ― fishing line

電線／电线 ― diànxiàn ― electric wire

光線／光线 ― guāngxiàn ― ray of light
(geometry) line
route; path; line
demarcation line; boundary; border; brink
clue; sign
secret agent
ideological or political line
plotline
(Singapore, computing) network connection
Synonym: 網 / 网 (wǎng)
(Hong Kong) lane (of a road or swimming pool)
Synonym: 車道 / 车道 (chēdào)
Classifier for for abstract nouns or numerals indicating few or little.
a surname

Usage notes

綫 is preferred in Hong Kong when representing transportation routes.

Compounds

References

“線”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

線

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Go-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)
Kan-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)
Kun: いと (ito, 線)、すじ (suji, 線)^{←すぢ (sudi, 線, historical)}

Compounds

光線(こうせん) (kōsen): a ray of light
新幹線(しんかんせん) (shinkansen): A Japanese super express, bullet train, a line of extremely fast trains which runs in Japan; shinkansen
宇宙線(うちゅうせん) (uchūsen): cosmic rays
紫外線(しがいせん) (shigaisen): ultraviolet rays
赤外線(せきがいせん) (sekigaisen): infrared rays
X(エックス)線(せん) (ekkususen): X-rays
線圈(せんけん) (senken): a coil, a solenoid

Kanji in this term
線
せん Grade: 2
on'yomi

Noun

線(せん) • (sen)

line
線(せん)を引(ひ)く
sen o hiku
to draw a line
level
beam

Suffix

線(せん) • (-sen)

(sciences) ray
ガンマ線(せん)
ganma-sen
gamma ray
(public transport) line
千歳(ちとせ)線(せん)
Chitose-sen
Chitose Line

Korean

Hanja

線 (eumhun 줄 선 (jul seon))

hanja form^? of 선 (“line”)

Compounds

곡선 (曲線, gokseon, “curve”)
광선 (光線, gwangseon, “ray of light”)
무선 (無線, museon, “wireless”)
직선 (直線, jikseon, “straight line”)
호선 (號線, hoseon, “subway line (number)”)

Vietnamese

Han character

線: Hán Nôm readings: tuyến

line