如是
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]as (if); such as | this | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (如是) | 如 | 是 | |
simp. #(如是) | 如 | 是 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˊ ㄕˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: rúshìh
- Wade–Giles: ju2-shih4
- Yale: rú-shr̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rushyh
- Palladius: жуши (žuši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐu³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jyu4 si6
- Yale: yùh sih
- Cantonese Pinyin: jy4 si6
- Guangdong Romanization: yu4 xi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyː²¹ siː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Middle Chinese: nyo|nyoH dzyeX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*na [d]eʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*nja|njas djeʔ/
Adverb
[edit]如是
- (literary) like this; so; such
- 莊王怪而問曰:「寡人德薄,又未嘗異子,子何故出死不疑如是?」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: c. 77 B.C.E., 劉向 (Liu Xiang), 《說苑》 (Garden of Stories), chapter 6
- Zhuāngwáng guài ér wèn yuē: “Guǎrén débó, yòu wèicháng yì zǐ, zǐ hégù chūsǐ bù yí rúshì?” [Pinyin]
- King Zhuang thought it strange, and asked him, "I am not a particularly virtuous person, nor have I granted you any special favors. Why would you fight like this, as if your life depended on it?"
庄王怪而问曰:「寡人德薄,又未尝异子,子何故出死不疑如是?」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Synonyms
[edit]- (literary) 如此 (rúcǐ)
Derived terms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
如 | 是 |
にょ Grade: S |
ぜ Grade: S |
goon |
Etymology
[edit]From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 如是 (MC nyo dzyeX). Used to translate Sanskrit एवम् (evam, “such, thus”).[1][2]
First cited to the Buddhist text 勝鬘経義疏 (Shōmangyō Gisho), part of the 三経義疏 (Sangyō Gisho) dated to 611.[1] The text is written in 漢文 (kanbun), a kind of specialized Classical Chinese adapted slightly for Japanese readers. The first citation in a definitively Japanese-language text might not be until the 正法眼蔵 (Shōbōgenzō) compiled during the years 1231–53.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]- [from 611] (Buddhism) like this
- [from mid-1200s] (Buddhism) short for 十如是 (jū-nyoze): the ten thusnesses of the Tendai sect
- [from mid-1200s] (Buddhism) expression of approval of something said by another person
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “如是”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese adverbs
- Mandarin adverbs
- Cantonese adverbs
- Middle Chinese adverbs
- Old Chinese adverbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 如
- Chinese terms spelled with 是
- Chinese literary terms
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Japanese terms spelled with 如 read as にょ
- Japanese terms spelled with 是 read as ぜ
- Japanese terms read with goon
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese adverbs
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- ja:Buddhism
- Japanese short forms