嘉

嘉	U+5609, 嘉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5609

Translingual

Han character

嘉 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 土口廿口 (GRTR) or 難土口廿口 (XGRTR), four-corner 4046₁, composition ⿱壴加)

Derived characters

䕒, 𠏼, 𡣗, 𤀺, 𤐵, 𤪘

Descendants

𛀛

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 205, character 7
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4176
Dae Jaweon: page 427, character 25
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 672, character 11
Unihan data for U+5609

Chinese

simp. and trad.		嘉

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (加) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
妿	kaːl, qaːl
賀	*ɡaːls
迦	ka, kal, *kraːl
茄	ɡa, ɡal, *kraːl
伽	ɡa, ɡal
枷	ɡa, ɡal, *kraːl
嘉	*kraːl
加	*kraːl
笳	*kraːl
痂	*kraːl
袈	*kraːl
跏	*kraːl
珈	*kraːl
鴐	*kraːl
架	*kraːls
駕	*kraːls
瘸	*ɡʷal

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kraːl): semantic 壴 + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl).

Etymology

Related to Burmese ကဲ (kai:, “to overdo, exceed”) (Hill, 2019).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jiā (jia¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚ

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): jiǎ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gaa¹

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): gaa¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ga¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kâ

(Hailu, HRS): ga^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): ga¹
Jin (Wiktionary): jia¹
Northern Min (KCR): gá
Eastern Min (BUC): gă
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ga¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ka / kee

(Teochew, Peng'im): gia¹
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): gaa¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ka; ¹cia
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jia¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiā
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jia
  - Wade–Giles: chia¹
  - Yale: jyā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jia
  - Palladius: цзя (czja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: jiǎ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕia²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gaa¹
  - Yale: gā
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaa¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ga¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaː⁵⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: gaa¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka²¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ga¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: ga^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ga¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ka²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ga^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /ka⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ga¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ka⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jia¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕia¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gá
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gă
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ga¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ga
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ga¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka
  - Tâi-lô: ka
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kaf
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ka³³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /ka⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kee
  - Tâi-lô: kee
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gia¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kia
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kia³³/
Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: gaa¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁵³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹ka; ¹cia
  - MiniDict: ka^平; cia^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ka; ¹jia
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ka⁵³/, /t͡ɕia⁵³/

Note:

1ka - vernacular;
1jia - literary.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: jia¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯a̠³³/

Middle Chinese: kae

Rime
Character	嘉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古牙切
Baxter	kae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠa/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/ka/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨ/
Li Rong	/ka/
Wang Li	/ka/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ka/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiā
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaa¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤ<r>aj/

(Zhengzhang): /*kraːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	嘉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiā
Middle Chinese	‹ kæ ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁ<r>aj/
English	excellent
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嘉
Reading #	1/1
No.	5872
Phonetic component	加
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	嘉
Old Chinese	/*kraːl/

Definitions

嘉

excellent; good
嘉賓／嘉宾 ― jiābīn ― guest
auspicious
to praise, commend
勇氣可嘉／勇气可嘉 ― yǒngqì kějiā ― commendable courage

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

嘉

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)
Kan-on: か (ka)
Kun: よみする (yomisuru, 嘉する)、よい (yoi, 嘉い)
Nanori: ひろ (hiro)、よし (yoshi)、よしみ (yoshimi)、かず (kazu)、よ (yo)

Korean

Hanja

嘉 (eumhun 아름다울 가 (areumdaul ga))

beautiful
happy, joyous

Vietnamese

Han character

嘉: Hán Việt readings: gia
嘉: Nôm readings: gia

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