千金

Chinese

		thousand	metal; gold; money
simp. and trad. (千金)		千	金
Literally: “a thousand pieces of gold”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiānjīn

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cin¹ gam¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhiên-kîm
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhian-kim

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiānjīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cianjin
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien¹-chin¹
    • Yale: chyān-jīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chianjin
    • Palladius: цяньцзинь (cjanʹczinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 千斤 千金

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cin¹ gam¹
    • Yale: chīn gām
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsin¹ gam¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: qin¹ gem¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ kɐm⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiên-kîm
    • Hakka Romanization System: qien^ˊ gim^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: qian¹ gim¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ kim²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhian-kim
    • Tâi-lô: tshian-kim
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chienkym
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kim⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn³³ kim³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kim⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kim⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kim⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshen kim

Rime
Character	千	金
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	蒼先切	居吟切
Baxter	tshen	kim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰen/	/kˠiɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰen/	/kᵚim/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛn/	/kiem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛn/	/kjim/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰen/	/kjəm/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰien/	/kĭĕm/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰien/	/ki̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiān	jīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cin1	gam1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.n̥ˤi[ŋ]  k(r)[ə]m/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sn̥ʰiːn  krɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	千	金
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiān	jīn
Middle Chinese	‹ tshen ›	‹ kim ›
Old Chinese	/*s.n̥ˁi[ŋ]/	/*k(r)[ə]m/
English	thousand	metal, bronze
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	千	金
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10792	6679
Phonetic component	人	金
Rime group	眞	侵
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	千	金
Old Chinese	/*sn̥ʰiːn/	/*krɯm/
Notes	小徐人聲，甲文乃借人加一	說文今聲，俞敏依金文非之

Noun

千金

1. large amount of money; riches

   備急千金要方／备急千金要方  ―  bèijí qiānjīn yào fāng  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (honorific) daughter (not of one's own)

Derived terms

• 一刻千金 (yīkèqiānjīn)
• 一壺千金 / 一壶千金
• 一字值千金
• 一字千金 (yīzìqiānjīn)
• 一擲千金 / 一掷千金 (yīzhìqiānjīn)
• 一曲千金
• 一笑千金
• 一言千金
• 一言已定，千金不移
• 一諾千金 / 一诺千金 (yīnuòqiānjīn)
• 一飯千金 / 一饭千金
• 千金一刻
• 千金一擲 / 千金一掷
• 千金一笑
• 千金一諾 / 千金一诺
• 千金之子
• 千金之子，坐不垂堂
• 千金之家
• 千金之裘，非一狐之腋
• 千金小姐
• 千金市骨
• 千金敝帚
• 千金笑 (qiānjīnxiào)
• 千金裘
• 千金要方
• 千金記 / 千金记
• 千金買笑 / 千金买笑
• 千金買骨 / 千金买骨
• 千金軀 / 千金躯
• 千金難買少年窮 / 千金难买少年穷 (qiānjīn nán mǎi shàonián qióng)
• 家有千金，不如日進分文 / 家有千金，不如日进分文
• 家有敝帚，享之千金
• 家累千金，坐不垂堂
• 弊帚千金
• 敝帚千金 (bìzhǒuqiānjīn)
• 春宵一刻值千金

 

Adjective

千金

1. (figurative) extremely precious

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (千金):

• → Japanese: 千金(せんきん) (senkin)
• → Korean: 천금(千金) (cheon'geum)
• → Vietnamese: thiên kim (千金)

References

• “Entry #379”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.