User:RichardW57/WIP
Work in Progress
[edit]Intobesa Repair
[edit]Fixing generally poor formatting (the documentation on Wiktionary is hard enough for a native English speaker) and sometimes outrageous modifications. This was requested at WT:RFC#Entries by User:咽頭べさ, in the October 2022 section. His works are recorded in Special:Contributions/咽頭べさ. The list is pruned to omit discussion and earlier edits of the same page.
A blank cell for Status/TODO should be interpreted as 'Review'. Ideally, when the job is done, the Status will be 'OK'.
Date | Word | Done at edit | Status / TODO | Work done by me |
---|---|---|---|---|
List extracted 19 October 2022 | ||||
11:33, 11 October 2022 diff hist −5 | အုပ် | No edit summary Tag: Reverted | Review etymology. Attribute examples. | |
10:25, 11 October 2022 diff hist +222 | တိုက် | No edit summary Tag: new-L2 | OK | RfV on Old Mon |
09:19, 11 October 2022 diff hist +5 | တန် | No edit summary | Lack evidence for some forms. Can't fix. | Consistently organised by etymology. Attributed examples. Added mentions where possible. |
08:05, 11 October 2022 diff hist +270 N | ပ္ညဳ | Created page | OK | Added doublet, mentions, and etymology. |
08:00, 11 October 2022 diff hist +77 | ပ္ညဳပ္ညပ် | No edit summary | OK | Tinkered |
07:32, 11 October 2022 diff hist +85 | အနာဂါံ | No edit summary current | OK | Rewrote etymology and repaired first gloss. Added reference. |
07:17, 11 October 2022 diff hist −1 | အရဳ | No edit summary current | OK | Normalised etymology |
20:27, 10 October 2022 diff hist +58 | အသုၚ် | No edit summary current | OK | None |
20:23, 10 October 2022 diff hist +246 | အသံ | No edit summary current | OK | Simplified transliteration. Absorbed second sense into first. Made plant a separate entry. Allocated references. Attributed example. |
20:07, 10 October 2022 diff hist +62 | ၜိၚ် | No edit summary current | OK | None |
19:46, 10 October 2022 diff hist +9 | ၜါ | No edit summary current | Templatise Jenny ref. | None |
19:38, 10 October 2022 diff hist +105 | ၜါစှော် | No edit summary current | Soften link. Add references. Correct transliteration. Add etymology (surface at least). | |
19:28, 10 October 2022 diff hist +175 N | ၜဳဒူ | Created page | Needs references. Can't fix. | Linked gloss almirah. |
19:27, 10 October 2022 diff hist −87 | ၜဳဒဵု | No edit summary current | Review against physical Shorto. Apparent triplet with the above. | None |
19:19, 10 October 2022 diff hist +59 | ၜေါ | No edit summary current | OK | None |
19:11, 10 October 2022 diff hist +89 | အဟာန် | No edit summary current | ||
18:50, 10 October 2022 diff hist −4 | အမှဲ | No edit summary current | ||
18:45, 10 October 2022 diff hist +316 | အာကာသ | No edit summary Tag: new-L2 | ||
18:38, 10 October 2022 diff hist +59 | အကး | No edit summary current | ||
18:34, 10 October 2022 diff hist 0 | အာကာသ် | No edit summary current | ||
18:24, 10 October 2022 diff hist +80 | အုက် | No edit summary | ||
18:15, 10 October 2022 diff hist +65 | အိက် | No edit summary current | ||
18:06, 10 October 2022 diff hist +45 | အေရှာ | No edit summary current | ||
18:04, 10 October 2022 diff hist +29 N | အေရှ | 咽頭べさ moved page အေရှ to အေရှာ current Tag: New redirect | ||
18:04, 10 October 2022 diff hist 0 m | အေရှာ | 咽頭べさ moved page အေရှ to အေရှာ | ||
18:04, 10 October 2022 diff hist −10 | အေရှာ | No edit summary | ||
17:56, 10 October 2022 diff hist +68 | အောဟ် | No edit summary current | ||
17:51, 10 October 2022 diff hist +63 | အုပ် | No edit summary | ||
17:49, 10 October 2022 diff hist −68 | ဥပ် | No edit summary current | ||
17:40, 10 October 2022 diff hist +501 | ဥပမာ | No edit summary current | ||
17:28, 10 October 2022 diff hist +62 | အံၚ် | No edit summary | ||
17:19, 10 October 2022 diff hist +272 | ဥပဒေ | No edit summary Tag: new-L2 | ||
17:11, 10 October 2022 diff hist +193 N | အ္စာဥပဒေ | Created page | ||
17:05, 10 October 2022 diff hist +9 | ဥပဒေသ် | No edit summary current | ||
16:55, 10 October 2022 diff hist +262 N | ဥတုက္ညၚ် | Created page | ||
16:40, 10 October 2022 diff hist +61 | ဥတု | No edit summary | ||
16:36, 10 October 2022 diff hist +9 | ဣသိ | No edit summary current | ||
16:31, 10 October 2022 diff hist +70 | အိန်ထံၚ် | No edit summary current | ||
16:29, 10 October 2022 diff hist +38 N | ဣန်ထံၚ် | mnw|ဣန်ထံၚ်}} to {l|mnw|အိန်ထံၚ်}} current Tag: New redirect | ||
16:29, 10 October 2022 diff hist 0 m | အိန်ထံၚ် | mnw|ဣန်ထံၚ်}} to {l|mnw|အိန်ထံၚ်}} | ||
16:28, 10 October 2022 diff hist +304 N | အိန် | Created page | ||
16:17, 10 October 2022 diff hist −70 | ဣန် | No edit summary current | ||
15:36, 10 October 2022 diff hist +56 | ရုဲ | No edit summary | ||
15:28, 10 October 2022 diff hist +23 N | ရဲု | 咽頭べさ moved page ရဲု to ရုဲ Tag: New redirect | ||
11:10, 10 October 2022 diff hist +56 | တီ | No edit summary | ||
11:09, 10 October 2022 diff hist +56 | တိ | No edit summary current | ||
11:08, 10 October 2022 diff hist +59 | တာဲ | No edit summary | ||
11:07, 10 October 2022 diff hist +56 | တု | No edit summary current | ||
11:06, 10 October 2022 diff hist +62 | တာန် | No edit summary | ||
11:05, 10 October 2022 diff hist +68 | တၚ်လာဲ | No edit summary | ||
11:04, 10 October 2022 diff hist +59 | တဵု | No edit summary current | ||
22:07, 9 October 2022 diff hist +471 | ဟုတ် | No edit summary Tag: new-L2 | ||
10:00, 9 October 2022 diff hist +1 | တု | No edit summary | ||
09:57, 9 October 2022 diff hist +1,662 | တီ | No edit summary | ||
09:33, 9 October 2022 diff hist +506 | တိုက် | No edit summary | ||
09:18, 9 October 2022 diff hist +387 | တာန် | No edit summary | ||
08:53, 9 October 2022 diff hist +2 | တခဳ | No edit summary current | ||
08:45, 9 October 2022 diff hist −36 | တၚ်လာဲ | No edit summary | ||
08:42, 9 October 2022 diff hist +32 N | တၚ်လဲာ | 咽頭べさ moved page တၚ်လဲာ to တၚ်လာဲ current Tag: New redirect | ||
08:42, 9 October 2022 diff hist 0 m | တၚ်လာဲ | 咽頭べさ moved page တၚ်လဲာ to တၚ်လာဲ | ||
22:32, 8 October 2022 diff hist +9 | တံၚ်ဒဇဵု | No edit summary current | ||
22:31, 8 October 2022 diff hist +244 N | တံၚ်ဒဇဵု | Created page | ||
22:25, 8 October 2022 diff hist −234 | တံၚ်ဂဇဵု | No edit summary current | ||
22:19, 8 October 2022 diff hist +185 | တဵု | No edit summary | ||
22:07, 8 October 2022 diff hist +29 | တော် | No edit summary | ||
21:57, 8 October 2022 diff hist +16 | တာဲ | No edit summary | ||
21:54, 8 October 2022 diff hist +23 N | {တဲာ | mnw|တဲာ to တာဲ current Tag: New redirect | ||
21:54, 8 October 2022 diff hist 0 m | တာဲ | 咽頭べさ moved page တဲာ to တာဲ | ||
21:39, 8 October 2022 diff hist +115 N | ကှ်ခြံက် | Created page | ||
21:25, 8 October 2022 diff hist −115 | ခြံက် | No edit summary | ||
20:02, 8 October 2022 diff hist +1,003 | Module talk:mnw-translit/testcases | No edit summary | ||
19:20, 8 October 2022 diff hist +1,979 | တၟံ | No edit summary | OK | Cited Halliday for 'mountain'. |
17:43, 8 October 2022 diff hist +1,134 | User talk:Hintha | No edit summary | ||
17:10, 8 October 2022 diff hist +272 | ကျေနာန် | No edit summary current | ||
17:01, 8 October 2022 diff hist +35 N | ကျေဏာန် | 咽頭べさ moved page ကျေဏာန် to ကျေနာန် current Tag: New redirect | ||
17:01, 8 October 2022 diff hist 0 m | ကျေနာန် | 咽頭べさ moved page ကျေဏာန် to ကျေနာန် | ||
21:04, 7 October 2022 diff hist +1 | ဒြုန် | No edit summary | ||
20:57, 7 October 2022 diff hist +203 | ပ္ညဳပ္ညပ် | No edit summary | ||
08:13, 7 October 2022 diff hist +59 | ကာဲ | No edit summary | ||
07:14, 6 October 2022 diff hist −69 | ခရံ | No edit summary current | ||
06:56, 6 October 2022 diff hist +57 | ကာဲ | No edit summary Tag: new-L2 | ||
06:51, 6 October 2022 diff hist +23 N | ကဲာ | 咽頭べさ moved page ကဲာ to ကာဲ current Tag: New redirect | ||
06:51, 6 October 2022 diff hist 0 m | ကာဲ | 咽頭べさ moved page ကဲာ to ကာဲ | ||
06:33, 6 October 2022 diff hist +495 N | ဍေန် | Created page | ||
05:53, 6 October 2022 diff hist +524 | WT:RFVN | →ဗနိက်: Reply Tags: Reply Source | ||
11:57, 5 October 2022 diff hist −3 | ဗနိက် | No edit summary Tag: Reverted | ||
11:53, 5 October 2022 diff hist +366 | WT:RFDO | →ဗနိက်: Reply Tags: Reply Source | ||
11:18, 5 October 2022 diff hist +67 | မာန် | No edit summary current | ||
11:05, 5 October 2022 diff hist +4,140 | မာန် | No edit summary | ||
21:45, 2 October 2022 diff hist +80 | ကအ် | No edit summary current | ||
21:41, 2 October 2022 diff hist +59 | ကဝ် | No edit summary | ||
21:40, 2 October 2022 diff hist +65 | ကလေၚ် | No edit summary current | ||
21:37, 2 October 2022 diff hist +59 | ကဝိ | No edit summary current | ||
21:36, 2 October 2022 diff hist +348 | ကဝက် | No edit summary current | ||
21:24, 2 October 2022 diff hist +65 | ကလာထေၚ် | No edit summary current | ||
21:20, 2 October 2022 diff hist +104 | ဇိပ် | No edit summary current | ||
21:15, 2 October 2022 diff hist +83 | ကလတ် | No edit summary | ||
21:12, 2 October 2022 diff hist +86 | ကရုဏာ | No edit summary current | ||
21:09, 2 October 2022 diff hist +80 | ကယျာ | No edit summary | ||
21:09, 2 October 2022 diff hist +80 | ကယာ | No edit summary | ||
21:06, 2 October 2022 diff hist +80 | ကမာ | No edit summary current | ||
21:03, 2 October 2022 diff hist +83 | ကမက် | No edit summary current | ||
20:59, 2 October 2022 diff hist +95 | ကပ် | No edit summary current | ||
20:49, 2 October 2022 diff hist +65 | ကပလှု | No edit summary current | ||
20:08, 2 October 2022 diff hist +56 | စဲ | No edit summary current | ||
19:59, 2 October 2022 diff hist +68 | ကထိုန် | No edit summary | ||
19:52, 2 October 2022 diff hist +154 | ကတ် | No edit summary | ||
19:43, 2 October 2022 diff hist +119 | ကတာ | No edit summary current | ||
19:37, 2 October 2022 diff hist +68 | ကတပံင် | No edit summary current | ||
19:29, 2 October 2022 diff hist +65 | ကဆံၚ် | No edit summary current | ||
19:23, 2 October 2022 diff hist +445 | ကၚ် | No edit summary current | ||
19:03, 2 October 2022 diff hist −1 | புத்தி | No edit summary current | ||
19:03, 2 October 2022 diff hist +65 | ကကနန် | No edit summary current | ||
19:00, 2 October 2022 diff hist +140 | စိန် | No edit summary | ||
18:46, 2 October 2022 diff hist +143 | ခံ | No edit summary current | ||
18:11, 2 October 2022 diff hist +1,469 | WT:RFDO | No edit summary | ||
11:09, 2 October 2022 diff hist +360 N | ဆာန်လာန် | Created page | ||
08:38, 1 October 2022 diff hist +42 | احوال | No edit summary | OK | None |
Next youngest is 29 September 2022. | ||||
Extras or Specific Requests | ||||
09:16, 10 July 2022 | ကရေင် | No edit summary | Was WT:RFC#ကရေင်, but now OK. | Isolated and challenged verb. Remove etymology - Eugenia is probably a coincidence. Moved information on derived term to separate lemmas. |
Mon Encoding
[edit]Mon is bedevilled by an inconsistency in encoding. Renderers vary in what they will accept. There are three different specifications as to what sequences they will accept, as shown in the table below. The three specifications are:
- Table 16.4 of the Unicode Specification[1] (denoted USMB in the table below), which strictly speaking only applies to modern Burmese.
- Unicode Technical Note 11,[2] which is not formally endorsed by the Unicode Consortium.
- the MicroSoft Typography guide for font creators,[3] designated MS in the table below. This is somewhat corrupt[4]. With seven red asterisks added to make the structure plausible, it gives the structure of the complex syllable as
- [K] <C | IV | D | GB>[VS]
- (H <C | IV> [VS])* (As)*
- [MY [As]]
- [MR]
- [<MW [As] | [MW] MH [As]>]
- (VPre)* (VAbv)* (VBlw)* (A)* [DB [As]]
- (VPst [MH] (As)* (VAbv)* (A)* [DB [As]])*
- (PT < [A] [DB] [As] | [As] [A] > )*
- (V)* [J]
Alternative specifications and rendering results are given below:
Word | Encoding | result here | Specification | Padauk with HarfBuzz | Displayer | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USMB | MS | UTN-11 V4 | Firefox Linux | MS Edge WV10 | MS Word 20xx | iPhone | ||||||||
ရုဲ | 101B ရ |
102F ု |
1032 ဲ |
ရုဲ | ||||||||||
101B ရ |
1032 ဲ |
102F ု |
ရဲု | Bad | ||||||||||
ဖာဲ | 1016 ဖ |
102C ာ |
1032 ဲ |
ဖာဲ | on V |
on V |
on V |
on V |
||||||
1016 ဖ |
1032 ဲ |
102C ာ |
ဖဲာ | on C |
on C |
on C |
on C |
on C | ||||||
လောဲ | 101C လ |
1031 ေ |
102C ာ |
1032 ဲ |
လောဲ | on V |
on V |
on V |
on V |
|||||
101C လ |
1031 ေ |
1032 ဲ |
102C ာ |
လေဲာ | on C |
on C |
on C |
on C |
on C | |||||
101C လ |
102C ာ |
1031 ေ |
1032 ဲ |
လာေဲ | ||||||||||
101C လ |
102C ာ |
1032 ဲ |
1031 ေ |
လာဲေ | ||||||||||
101C လ |
1032 ဲ |
102C ာ |
1031 ေ |
လဲာေ | ||||||||||
101C လ |
1032 ဲ |
1031 ေ |
102C ာ |
လဲော | ||||||||||
ဗှ်ေ | 1017 ဗ |
103E ှ |
103A ် |
1031 ေ |
ဗှ်ေ | |||||||||
1017 ဗ |
103E ှ |
1031 ေ |
103A ် |
ဗှေ် | ||||||||||
1017 ဗ |
103A ် |
1031 ေ |
103E ှ |
ဗ်ေှ | ||||||||||
1017 ဗ |
103A ် |
103E ှ |
1031 ေ |
ဗ်ှေ | ||||||||||
1017 ဗ |
1031 ေ |
103E ှ |
103A ် |
ဗေှ် | ||||||||||
1017 ဗ |
1031 ေ |
103A ် |
103E ှ |
ဗေ်ှ | ||||||||||
စှော် | 1005 စ |
103E ှ |
1031 ေ |
102C ာ |
103A ် |
စှော် | ||||||||
1005 စ |
1031 ေ |
103E ှ |
102C ာ |
103A ် |
စေှာ် | |||||||||
စှ်ော[5] | 1005 စ |
103E ှ |
103A ် |
1031 ေ |
102C ာ |
စှ်ော | ||||||||
1005 စ |
103E ှ |
1031 ေ |
103A ် |
102C ာ |
စှေ်ာ | |||||||||
1005 စ |
1031 ေ |
103E ှ |
103A ် |
102C ာ |
စေှ်ာ | |||||||||
1005 စ |
1031 ေ |
103A ် |
103E ှ |
102C ာ |
စေ်ှာ | |||||||||
1005 စ |
103A ် |
1031 ေ |
103E ှ |
102C ာ |
စ်ေှာ | |||||||||
1005 စ |
103A ် |
103E ှ |
1031 ေ |
102C ာ |
စ်ှော | |||||||||
စောှ်[5] | 1005 စ |
1031 ေ |
102C ာ |
103E ှ |
103A ် |
စောှ် | ||||||||
1005 စ |
1031 ေ |
102C ာ |
103A ် |
103E ှ |
စော်ှ | |||||||||
? | 1005 စ |
1031 ေ |
103A ် |
102C ာ |
103E ှ |
စေ်ာှ | ||||||||
1005 စ |
103A ် |
1031 ေ |
102C ာ |
103E ှ |
စ်ောှ | |||||||||
Only permutations with ေ U+1031 before ာ U+102C are tabulated. | ||||||||||||||
- | - | |||||||||||||
- |
A large amount of the differences arise from the treatment of ဲ (-y) as either a final consonant, like anusvara, as in the MS and UTN-11 rule sets, or as a vowel above, like ိ (i), as in the USMB rules. The former set is preferred on Wiktionary. As one mode of using Wiktionary is to cut and paste words from text to Wiktionary, the encodings required by USMB have stub senses (see WT:Votes/pl-2022-07/Stubifying alternative forms) defined using {{usmb_of}}
.
References
[edit]- ^ Unicode Consortium (2022) The Unicode Standard[1]
- ^ Lua error in Module:quote at line 2956: Parameter "version" is not used by this template.
- ^ “Creating and Supporting OpenType Fonts for Myanmar Script”, in Microsoft Typography[2], 2022 June 17
- ^ Norbert Lindenberg (2021 April 27) “[Myanmar] Complex cluster requires too many components #767”, in Github[3]:
- The “complex cluster” pattern contains too many required components. Removing all optional components (those marked with * or []), the required sequence is:
<C | IV | D | GB> (H <C | IV>) (As) (VPre) (VBlw) (A) (VPst) (PT)
To some extent, incorrect use of Markdown may be at fault – earlier versions had some additional components marked with *.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lua error in Module:quote at line 2956: Parameter "version" is not used by this template.
Pali Headword Templates
[edit]Investigation of how headword lines can force display of default transliteration.
PoS (form) | Example | Invocation | Intermediate Template | Module | Parameter modification in template |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
adj | สะวากขาตะ (savākkhāta) | {{pi-adj|tr=+}} |
None | Module:pi-headword | None |
adj form | ສັມພຸດໂທ (sambuddo) | {{pi-adj form|tr=+}} |
{{head}} |
Module:headword | {{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}} |
adjective form | ໂຄໂລ (golo) | {{head|pi|adjective form}} (Now superseded!) |
None | Module:headword | None |
noun | ຄະນະ (gana) | {{pi-noun|n|tr=+}} |
None | Module:pi-headword | None |
noun form | ທັມໂມ (dammo) | {{pi-noun form|tr=}} |
{{head}} |
Module:headword | tr={{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}} |
num | ຈະຕຸລ (catul) | {{pi-num|tr=+}} |
{{head}} |
Module:headword | tr={{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}} |
numeral | ຈະຕຸລ (catul) | {{head|pi|numeral|tr=}} (now replaced) {{head|pi|numeral}} |
None | Module:headword | None |
num ord | No non-Roman example | No non-Roman example | None | Module:pi-headword | None |
particle | Transliteration never displayed | Never | None | Module:pi-headword | None |
adv | ຕະຕິຍັງ (tatiyaṃ, adverb) | {{pi-adv}} |
{{head}} |
Module:headword | tr={{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}} |
pronoun | ຢາ (yā) (transliteration not in headword line) | {{pi-pronoun|f}} |
None | Module:pi-headword | None |
pronoun form | ຍາຍະ (yāya) (transliteration not in headword line) | {{head|pi|pronoun form|tr=}} |
None | Module:headword | None |
proper noun | ພຸດທະ (budda) | {{pi-proper noun|m|tr=+}} |
None | Module:pi-headword | None |
root | Only for Roman script | No non-Roman example | {{head}} |
Module:pi-headword | None |
verb | ຄັດສະຕິ (gassati) | {{pi-verb|gam|1|tr=+}} |
{{head}} |
Module:headword | tr={{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}} |
verb form | ວະລະ (vala) | {{pi-verb form|tr=+}} |
{{head}} |
Module:headword | tr={{pi-hwtr|{{{tr|-}}}}} |
participle | No non-Roman example | No non-Roman example | {{head}} |
Module:headword | tr={{{tr|-}}} |
Thai Bible Quote
[edit]โยบ.39.26
, (Book of Job, Thai Standard Version of the Bible (THSV11)):- โดยสติปัญญาของเจ้าหรือ เหยี่ยวนกเขาโผไปมา และกางปีกของมันตรงไปทางทิศใต้?
- Is it by your wisdom that the hawk soars, and stretches her wings toward the south?
Prakrit Reference
[edit]Conversion of quotation for Lua error in Module:parameters at line 573: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "inc-pra" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. cf. pra-mah:𑀧𑁂𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (pecchaï).
Original:
- The language code "inc-pra" in the first parameter is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).
Standard:
- Broken up:
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 573: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "inc-pra" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
- bhicchaaro pecchaï ṇâ-
himaṃḍalaṃ, sâ vi tassa muhaaṃdaṃ ।
taṃ caṭṭuaṃ karaṃkaṃ
doṇha vi kââ viluṃpaṃti ॥ 162 ॥ - Wiktionary reconstruction:
- Wiktionary transliteration:
- bhicchaaro pĕcchaï ṇāhimaṃḍalaṃ sā-vi tassa muhaaṃdaṃ
taṃ caṭṭuaṃ karaṃkaṃ dŏṇha-vi kāā viluṃpaṃti
- 2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
- While the begging monk looks down at her navel, and the housewife looks at the moon of his face
The crows plunder the dish in her hands, and the begging bowl in his.
- While the begging monk looks down at her navel, and the housewife looks at the moon of his face
- bhicchaaro pĕcchaï ṇāhimaṃḍalaṃ sā-vi tassa muhaaṃdaṃ
- bhicchaaro pecchaï ṇâ-
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 573: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "inc-pra" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
- Back to Q:
- The language code "inc-pra" in the first parameter is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).
Prakrit Declension
[edit]Maharastri declension of गरुळ (masculine) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
Nominative | गरुळो (garuḷo) | गरुळा (garuḷā) |
Accusative | गरुळं (garuḷaṃ) | गरुळे (garuḷe) or गरुळा (garuḷā) |
Instrumental | गरुळेण (garuḷeṇa) or गरुळेणं (garuḷeṇaṃ) | गरुळेहि (garuḷehi) or गरुळेहिं (garuḷehiṃ) |
Dative | गरुळाअ (garuḷāa) | — |
Ablative | गरुळाओ (garuḷāo) or गरुळाउ (garuḷāu) or गरुळा (garuḷā) or गरुळाहि (garuḷāhi) or गरुळाहिंतो (garuḷāhiṃto) | — |
Genitive | गरुळस्स (garuḷassa) | गरुळाण (garuḷāṇa) or गरुळाणं (garuḷāṇaṃ) |
Locative | गरुळम्मि (garuḷammi) or गरुळे (garuḷe) | गरुळेसु (garuḷesu) or गरुळेसुं (garuḷesuṃ) |
Vocative | गरुळ (garuḷa) or गरुळा (garuḷā) | गरुळा (garuḷā) |
Maharastri declension of 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴 (masculine) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
Nominative | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁄 (garuḷo) | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸 (garuḷā) |
Accusative | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀁 (garuḷaṃ) | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂 (garuḷe) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸 (garuḷā) |
Instrumental | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀡 (garuḷeṇa) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀡𑀁 (garuḷeṇaṃ) | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀳𑀺 (garuḷehi) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (garuḷehiṃ) |
Dative | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀅 (garuḷāa) | — |
Ablative | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀑 (garuḷāo) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀉 (garuḷāu) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸 (garuḷā) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀳𑀺 (garuḷāhi) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (garuḷāhiṃto) | — |
Genitive | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀲𑁆𑀲 (garuḷassa) | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀡 (garuḷāṇa) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸𑀡𑀁 (garuḷāṇaṃ) |
Locative | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (garuḷammi) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂 (garuḷe) | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀲𑀼 (garuḷesu) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (garuḷesuṃ) |
Vocative | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴 (garuḷa) or 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸 (garuḷā) | 𑀕𑀭𑀼𑀴𑀸 (garuḷā) |
Maharastri declension of 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (neuter) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
Nominative | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (khĕttaṃ) | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (khĕttāiṃ) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (khĕttāi) |
Accusative | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (khĕttaṃ) | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (khĕttāiṃ) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (khĕttāi) |
Instrumental | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡 (khĕtteṇa) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡𑀁 (khĕtteṇaṃ) | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺 (khĕttehi) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (khĕttehiṃ) |
Dative | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀅 (khĕttāa) | — |
Ablative | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀑 (khĕttāo) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀉 (khĕttāu) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (khĕttā) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺 (khĕttāhi) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (khĕttāhiṃto) | — |
Genitive | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 (khĕttassa) | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡 (khĕttāṇa) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡𑀁 (khĕttāṇaṃ) |
Locative | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (khĕttammi) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂 (khĕtte) | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼 (khĕttesu) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (khĕttesuṃ) |
Vocative | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (khĕtta) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (khĕttā) | 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (khĕttāiṃ) or 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (khĕttāi) |
Maharastri declension of खेत्त (neuter) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
Nominative | खेत्तं (khĕttaṃ) | खेत्ताइं (khĕttāiṃ) or खेत्ताइ (khĕttāi) |
Accusative | खेत्तं (khĕttaṃ) | खेत्ताइं (khĕttāiṃ) or खेत्ताइ (khĕttāi) |
Instrumental | खेत्तेण (khĕtteṇa) or खेत्तेणं (khĕtteṇaṃ) | खेत्तेहि (khĕttehi) or खेत्तेहिं (khĕttehiṃ) |
Dative | खेत्ताअ (khĕttāa) | — |
Ablative | खेत्ताओ (khĕttāo) or खेत्ताउ (khĕttāu) or खेत्ता (khĕttā) or खेत्ताहि (khĕttāhi) or खेत्ताहिंतो (khĕttāhiṃto) | — |
Genitive | खेत्तस्स (khĕttassa) | खेत्ताण (khĕttāṇa) or खेत्ताणं (khĕttāṇaṃ) |
Locative | खेत्तम्मि (khĕttammi) or खेत्ते (khĕtte) | खेत्तेसु (khĕttesu) or खेत्तेसुं (khĕttesuṃ) |
Vocative | खेत्त (khĕtta) or खेत्ता (khĕttā) | खेत्ताइं (khĕttāiṃ) or खेत्ताइ (khĕttāi) |
Rendering tests
[edit]Tai Viet: | ꪀꪴ꪿ <AA80 LOW KA, AABF TONE MAI EK, AAB4 VOWEL U> | FFubu OK; IE11 & Notepad one d.c. |
---|---|---|
ꪀꪴ꪿ <AA80 LOW KA, AAB4 VOWEL U, AABF TONE MAI EK> | FFubu OK; IE11 & Notepad OK | |
ꪀ꪿ꪲ <AA80 LOW KA, AABF TONE MAI EK, AAB2 VOWEL I> | FFubu nocirc; IE11 & Notepad one d.c. | |
ꪀꪲ꪿ <AA80 LOW KA, AAB2 VOWEL I, AABF TONE MAI EK> | FFubu nocirc; IE11 & Notepad OK | |
ꪀ꪿ꪾ <AA80 LOW KA, AABF TONE MAI EK, AAB2 VOWEL AM> | FFubu nocirc; IE11 & Notepad one d.c. | |
ꪀꪾ꪿ <AA80 LOW KA, AAB2 VOWEL AM, AABF TONE MAI EK> | FFubu nocirc; IE11 & Notepad OK | |
Sinhala: | කේ <U+00D9A, U+0DD9, U+0DCA> | FFubu OK; IE11 & Notepad one d.c. |
කෝ <U+0D9A, U+0DD9, U+0DCF, U+0DCA> | FFubu OK; IE11 & Notepad one d.c. |
Egyptian test
[edit]For Qwynegold. N37A replaced by N37, Z4A at very end by by Z1*Z1. The meaning is unchanged. | |||||||||||||
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Chakma inflections tests
[edit]Chakma script for Pali:
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄮 (devo) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄂 (devā) |
Accusative (second) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄁 (devaṃ) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄬 (deve) |
Instrumental (third) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄬𑄚 (devena) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄬𑄦𑄨 (devehi) or 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄬𑄞𑄨 (devebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄥𑄴𑄥 (devassa) or 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄂𑄠 (devāya) or 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄖𑄴𑄗𑄁 (devatthaṃ) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄂𑄚𑄁 (devānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄥𑄴𑄟𑄂 (devasmā) or 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄂 (devamhā) or 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄂 (devā) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄬𑄦𑄨 (devehi) or 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄬𑄞𑄨 (devebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄥𑄴𑄥 (devassa) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄂𑄚𑄁 (devānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄥𑄴𑄟𑄨𑄁 (devasmiṃ) or 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄨 (devamhi) or 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄬 (deve) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄬𑄥𑄪 (devesu) |
Vocative (calling) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇 (deva) | 𑄘𑄬𑅇𑄂 (devā) |
𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄨 (pacati), 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄖𑄨 (pacissati), 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄖𑄨 (apacissati)
Active | Middle | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Present | ||||
1st | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄨 (pacāmi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟 (pacāma) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄬 (pacāmhe) |
2nd | 𑄛𑄌𑄥𑄨 (pacasi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄗 (pacatha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄥𑄬 (pacase) | 𑄛𑄌𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄬 (pacavhe) |
3rd | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄨 (pacati) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄨 (pacanti) | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄬 (pacate) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄬 (pacante) or 𑄛𑄌𑄢𑄬 (pacare) |
Imperative | ||||
1st | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄨 (pacāmi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟 (pacāma) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄥𑄬 (pacāmase) |
2nd | 𑄛𑄌 (paca) or 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄦𑄨 (pacāhi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄗 (pacatha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄪 (pacassu) | 𑄛𑄌𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄮 (pacavho) |
3rd | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄪 (pacatu) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄪 (pacantu) | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄁 (pacataṃ) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄁 (pacantaṃ) |
Optative | ||||
1st | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄟𑄨 (paceyyāmi) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄁 (paceyyaṃ) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄟 (paceyyāma) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄁 (paceyyaṃ) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄬 (paceyyāmhe) |
2nd | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄥𑄨 (paceyyāsi) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄗 (paceyyātha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄗𑄮 (pacetho) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄮 (paceyyavho) |
3rd | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠 (paceyya) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄪𑄁 (paceyyuṃ) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄗 (pacetha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄢𑄁 (paceraṃ) |
- Present active participle: 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄴 (pacant), which see for forms and usage
- Present middle participle: 𑄛𑄌𑄟𑄂𑄚 (pacamāna), which see for forms and usage
Active | Middle | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Present | ||||
1st | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄨 (pacāmi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟 (pacāma) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄬 (pacāmhe) |
2nd | 𑄛𑄌𑄥𑄨 (pacasi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄗 (pacatha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄥𑄬 (pacase) | 𑄛𑄌𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄬 (pacavhe) |
3rd | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄨 (pacati) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄨 (pacanti) | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄬 (pacate) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄬 (pacante) or 𑄛𑄌𑄢𑄬 (pacare) |
Imperative | ||||
1st | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄨 (pacāmi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟 (pacāma) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄥𑄬 (pacāmase) |
2nd | 𑄛𑄌 (paca) or 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄦𑄨 (pacāhi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄗 (pacatha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄪 (pacassu) | 𑄛𑄌𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄮 (pacavho) |
3rd | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄪 (pacatu) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄪 (pacantu) | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄁 (pacataṃ) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄁 (pacantaṃ) |
Optative | ||||
1st | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄟𑄨 (paceyyāmi) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄁 (paceyyaṃ) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄟 (paceyyāma) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄁 (paceyyaṃ) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄬 (paceyyāmhe) |
2nd | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄥𑄨 (paceyyāsi) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄗 (paceyyātha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄗𑄮 (pacetho) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄮 (paceyyavho) |
3rd | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠 (paceyya) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄪𑄁 (paceyyuṃ) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄗 (pacetha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄢𑄁 (paceraṃ) |
Future | ||||
1st | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂𑄟𑄨 (pacissāmi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂𑄟 (pacissāma) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄁 (pacissaṃ) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄬 (pacissāmhe) |
2nd | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄥𑄨 (pacissasi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄗 (pacissatha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄥𑄬 (pacissase) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄬 (pacissavhe) |
3rd | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄖𑄨 (pacissati) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄨 (pacissanti) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄖𑄬 (pacissate) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄬 (pacissante) |
Conditional | ||||
1st | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄁 (apacissaṃ) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄁 (apacissaṃ) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄥𑄬 (apacissāmhase) | |
2nd | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥 (apacissa) or 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄨 (apacissi) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄗 (apacissatha) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄬 (apacisse) or 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄥𑄬 (apacissase) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄬 (apacissavhe) |
3rd | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂 (apacissā) or 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥 (apacissa) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄁𑄥𑄪 (apacissaṃsu) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄗 (apacissatha) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄨𑄁𑄥𑄪 (apacissiṃsu) |
- Present active participle: 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄴 (pacant), which see for forms and usage
- Present middle participle: 𑄛𑄌𑄟𑄂𑄚 (pacamāna), which see for forms and usage
- Future active participle: 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄴 (pacissant), which see for forms and usage
- Future middle participle: 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄟𑄂𑄚 (pacissamāna) or 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂𑄚 (pacissāna), which see for forms and usage
Active | Middle | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Present | ||||
1st | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄨 (pacāmi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟 (pacāma) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄬 (pacāmhe) |
2nd | 𑄛𑄌𑄥𑄨 (pacasi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄗 (pacatha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄥𑄬 (pacase) | 𑄛𑄌𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄬 (pacavhe) |
3rd | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄨 (pacati) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄨 (pacanti) | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄬 (pacate) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄬 (pacante) or 𑄛𑄌𑄢𑄬 (pacare) |
Imperative | ||||
1st | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄨 (pacāmi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟 (pacāma) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄟𑄥𑄬 (pacāmase) |
2nd | 𑄛𑄌 (paca) or 𑄛𑄌𑄂𑄦𑄨 (pacāhi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄗 (pacatha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄪 (pacassu) | 𑄛𑄌𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄮 (pacavho) |
3rd | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄪 (pacatu) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄪 (pacantu) | 𑄛𑄌𑄖𑄁 (pacataṃ) | 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄁 (pacantaṃ) |
Optative | ||||
1st | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄟𑄨 (paceyyāmi) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄁 (paceyyaṃ) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄟 (paceyyāma) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄁 (paceyyaṃ) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄬 (paceyyāmhe) |
2nd | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄥𑄨 (paceyyāsi) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄂𑄗 (paceyyātha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄗𑄮 (pacetho) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄮 (paceyyavho) |
3rd | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠 (paceyya) or 𑄛𑄌𑄬 (pace) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄠𑄳𑄠𑄪𑄁 (paceyyuṃ) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄗 (pacetha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄬𑄢𑄁 (paceraṃ) |
Future | ||||
1st | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂𑄟𑄨 (pacissāmi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂𑄟 (pacissāma) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄁 (pacissaṃ) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄬 (pacissāmhe) |
2nd | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄥𑄨 (pacissasi) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄗 (pacissatha) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄥𑄬 (pacissase) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄬 (pacissavhe) |
3rd | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄖𑄨 (pacissati) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄨 (pacissanti) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄖𑄬 (pacissate) | 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄬 (pacissante) |
Conditional | ||||
1st | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄁 (apacissaṃ) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄁 (apacissaṃ) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂𑄟𑄴𑄦𑄥𑄬 (apacissāmhase) | |
2nd | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥 (apacissa) or 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄨 (apacissi) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄗 (apacissatha) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄬 (apacisse) or 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄥𑄬 (apacissase) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑅇𑄴𑄦𑄬 (apacissavhe) |
3rd | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂 (apacissā) or 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥 (apacissa) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄁𑄥𑄪 (apacissaṃsu) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄗 (apacissatha) | 𑄃𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄨𑄁𑄥𑄪 (apacissiṃsu) |
- Present active participle: 𑄛𑄌𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄴 (pacant), which see for forms and usage
- Present middle participle: 𑄛𑄌𑄟𑄂𑄚 (pacamāna), which see for forms and usage
- Future active participle: 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄚𑄴𑄖𑄴 (pacissant), which see for forms and usage
- Future middle participle: 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄟𑄂𑄚 (pacissamāna) or 𑄛𑄌𑄨𑄥𑄴𑄥𑄂𑄚 (pacissāna), which see for forms and usage
Template:pi-nr-inflection of
[edit]ID | NR & automatic Xlit | Correct Xlit | Eqv | Wikicode | Text obtained | Desired appearance (bar links for tags) | Sandbox |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ဒေဝ (deva) | deva | deva | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ဒေဝ||nom|s|t=god}} | nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva, “god”) | nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva, “god”) | nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva, “god”) |
2 | กฐิน (kaṭhina) | kaṭhina | kaṭhina | {{pi-nr-inflection of|กฐิน||nom|s|t=cloth}} | nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina, “cloth”) | nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina, “cloth”) | nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina, “cloth”) |
3 | ທັມມະ (damma) | damma | dhamma | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ທັມມະ||nom|s|eqv=dhamma|t=law}} | nominative singular of ທັມມະ (damma ⇨ dhamma, “law”) | nominative singular of ທັມມະ (damma), which is a form of dhamma (“law”) | nominative singular of ທັມມະ (damma ⇨ dhamma, “law”) |
4 | သံဃ (saṃgha) | saṃgha | saṅgha | {{pi-nr-inflection of|သံဃ||nom|s|eqv=saṅgha|t=sangha}} | nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃgha ⇨ saṅgha, “sangha”) | nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃgha), which is a form of saṅgha (“sangha”) | nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃgha ⇨ saṅgha, “sangha”) |
5 | ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa) | maṅsa | maṃsa | {{pi-nr-inflection of|</nowik>{{lang|pi|ᨾᩘᩈ}}<nowiki>||eqv=maṃsa|nom|s|t=flesh}} | nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa ⇨ maṃsa, “flesh”) | nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa), which is a form of maṃsa (“flesh”) | nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa ⇨ maṃsa, “flesh”) |
6 | ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant) | gassant | gacchant | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ຄັດສັນຕ||eqv=gacchant|loc|s|mn|t=going}} | locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant ⇨ gacchant, “going”) | locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant), which is a form of gacchant (“going”) | locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant ⇨ gacchant, “going”) |
7 | ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati) | bujjati | bujjhati | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ພຸດຊະຕິ|eqv=bujjhati||past|part|t=to understand}} | past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati ⇨ bujjhati, “to understand”) | past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati), which is a form of bujjhati (“to understand”) | past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati ⇨ bujjhati, “to understand”) |
8 | ຖັດທະ (thadda) | thadda | thaddha | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ຖັດທະ|eqv=thaddha||nom|s|m|t=rigid}} | nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thadda ⇨ thaddha, “rigid”) | nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thadda), which is a form of thaddha (“rigid”) | nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thadda ⇨ thaddha, “rigid”) |
9 | สามิน (sāmina) | sāmin | sāmin | {{pi-nr-inflection of|สามิน||tr=sāmin|nom|s|t=master}} | nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin, “master”) | nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin, “master”) | nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin, “master”) |
10 | ໂພຄິນ (bogina) | bogin | bhogin | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ໂພຄິນ||tr=bogin|eqv=bhogin|nom|s|t=snake}} | nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (bogin ⇨ bhogin, “snake”) | nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (bogin), which is a form of bhogin (“snake”) | nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (bogin ⇨ bhogin, “snake”) |
11 | ဒေဝ (deva) | deva | deva | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ဒေဝ||nom|s}} | nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva) | nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva) | nominative singular of ဒေဝ (deva) |
12 | กฐิน (kaṭhina) | kaṭhina | kaṭhina | {{pi-nr-inflection of|กฐิน||nom|s}} | nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina) | nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina) | nominative singular of กฐิน (kaṭhina) |
13 | ທັມມະ (damma) | damma | dhamma | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ທັມມະ||nom|s|eqv=dhamma}} | nominative singular of ທັມມະ (damma ⇨ dhamma) | nominative singular of ທັມມະ (damma), which is a form of dhamma | nominative singular of ທັມມະ (damma ⇨ dhamma) |
14 | သံဃ (saṃgha) | saṃgha | saṅgha | {{pi-nr-inflection of|သံဃ||nom|s|eqv=saṅgha}} | nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃgha ⇨ saṅgha) | nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃgha), which is a form of saṅgha | nominative singular of သံဃ (saṃgha ⇨ saṅgha) |
15 | ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa) | maṅsa | maṃsa | {{pi-nr-inflection of|</nowik>{{lang|pi|ᨾᩘᩈ}}<nowiki>||eqv=maṃsa|nom|s}} | nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa ⇨ maṃsa) | nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa), which is a form of maṃsa | nominative singular of ᨾᩘᩈ (maṅsa ⇨ maṃsa) |
16 | ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant) | gassant | gacchant | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ຄັດສັນຕ||eqv=gacchant|loc|s|mn}} | locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant ⇨ gacchant) | locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant), which is a form of gacchant | locative singular masculine/neuter of ຄັດສັນຕ (gassant ⇨ gacchant) |
17 | ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati) | bujjati | bujjhati | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ພຸດຊະຕິ|eqv=bujjhati||past|part}} | past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati ⇨ bujjhati) | past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati), which is a form of bujjhati | past participle of ພຸດຊະຕິ (bujjati ⇨ bujjhati) |
18 | ຖັດທະ (thadda) | thadda | thaddha | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ຖັດທະ|eqv=thaddha||nom|s|m}} | nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thadda ⇨ thaddha) | nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thadda), which is a form of thaddha | nominative singular masculine of ຖັດທະ (thadda ⇨ thaddha) |
19 | สามิน (sāmina) | sāmin | sāmin | {{pi-nr-inflection of|สามิน||tr=sāmin|nom|s}} | nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin) | nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin) | nominative singular of สามิน (sāmin) |
20 | ໂພຄິນ (bogina) | bogin | bhogin | {{pi-nr-inflection of|ໂພຄິນ||tr=bogin|eqv=bhogin|nom|s}} | nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (bogin ⇨ bhogin) | nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (bogin), which is a form of bhogin | nominative singular of ໂພຄິນ (bogin ⇨ bhogin) |
Transliteration of nīḷa
[edit]Sanskrit
[edit]Brah: 𑀦𑀻𑀴 (nīḷa) | Deva: नीळ (nīḷa) | Beng: নীল় (nīḷa) |
Sinh: නීළ (nīḷa) | Mymr: နီဠ (nīḷa) | Thai: นีฬ (nīḷa) |
Lana: ᨶᩦᩊ (nīḷa) | Laoo: ນີຬ (nīḷa) | Khmr: នីឡ (nīḷa) |
Pali
[edit]Brah: 𑀦𑀻𑀴 (nīḷa) | Deva: नीळ (nīḷa) | Beng: নীল় (nīḷa) |
Sinh: නීළ (nīḷa) | Mymr: နီဠ (nīḷa) | Thai: นีฬ (nīḷa) |
Lana: ᨶᩦᩊ (nīḷa) | Laoo: ນີຬ (nīḷa) | Khmr: នីឡ (nīḷa) |
Mon WS Inflection
[edit]Manual claimed Mon script declension with no transliteration fixes:
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | နဳတိ (nīti) | နဳတိယော (nītiyo) or နဳတဳ (nītī) |
Accusative (second) | နဳတိံ (nītiṃ) or နဳတီ (nītī) | နဳတိယော (nītiyo) or နဳတဳ (nītī) |
Instrumental (third) | နဳတိယာ (nītiyā) | နဳတဳဟိ (nītīhi) or နဳတဳဘိ (nītībhi) |
Dative (fourth) | နဳတိယာ (nītiyā) | နဳတဳနံ (nītīnaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | နဳတိယာ (nītiyā) | နဳတဳဟိ (nītīhi) or နဳတဳဘိ (nītībhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | နဳတိယာ (nītiyā) | နဳတဳနံ (nītīnaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | နဳတိယာ (nītiyā) or နဳတိယံ (nītiyaṃ) | နဳတဳသု (nītīsu) |
Vocative (calling) | နဳတိ (nīti) | နဳတိယော (nītiyo) or နဳတဳ (nītī) |
Manual claimed Mon declension with no transliteration fixes with transliteration override and a demonstration of a single form being targeted for manually specified transliteration:
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | နဳတိ (hello) | နဳတိယော (nītiyo) or နဳတဳ (nītī) |
Accusative (second) | နဳတိံ (nītiṃ) or နဳတီ (nītī) | နဳတိယော (nītiyo) or နဳတဳ (nītī) |
Instrumental (third) | နဳတိယာ (nītiyā) | နဳတဳဟိ (nītīhi) or နဳတဳဘိ (nītībhi) |
Dative (fourth) | နဳတိယာ (nītiyā) | နဳတဳနံ (nītīnaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | နဳတိယာ (nītiyā) | နဳတဳဟိ (nītīhi) or နဳတဳဘိ (nītībhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | နဳတိယာ (nītiyā) | နဳတဳနံ (nītīnaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | နဳတိယာ (nītiyā) or နဳတိယံ (nītiyaṃ) | နဳတဳသု (nītīsu) |
Vocative (calling) | နဳတိ (hello) | နဳတိယော (nītiyo) or နဳတဳ (nītī) |
Example of |subst=
being abused to show Roman equivalents instead of transliteration, and to make the equivalents into links:
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | ᨾᩘᩈᩴ (maṃsaṃ) | ᨾᩘᩈᩣᨶᩥ (maṃsāni) |
Accusative (second) | ᨾᩘᩈᩴ (maṃsaṃ) | ᨾᩘᩈᩣᨶᩥ (maṃsāni) |
Instrumental (third) | ᨾᩘᩈᩮᨶ (maṃsena) | ᨾᩘᩈᩮᩉᩥ (maṃsehi) or ᨾᩘᩈᩮᨽᩥ (maṃsebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | ᨾᩘᩈᩔ (maṃsassa) or ᨾᩘᩈᩣᨿ (maṃsāya) or ᨾᩘᩈᨲ᩠ᨳᩴ (maṃsatthaṃ) | ᨾᩘᩈᩣᨶᩴ (maṃsānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | ᨾᩘᩈᩈ᩠ᨾᩣ (maṃsasmā) or ᨾᩘᩈᨾ᩠ᩉᩣ (maṃsamhā) or ᨾᩘᩈᩣ (maṃsā) | ᨾᩘᩈᩮᩉᩥ (maṃsehi) or ᨾᩘᩈᩮᨽᩥ (maṃsebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | ᨾᩘᩈᩔ (maṃsassa) | ᨾᩘᩈᩣᨶᩴ (maṃsānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | ᨾᩘᩈᩈ᩠ᨾᩥᩴ (maṃsasmiṃ) or ᨾᩘᩈᨾ᩠ᩉᩥ (maṃsamhi) or ᨾᩘᩈᩮ (maṃse) | ᨾᩘᩈᩮᩈᩩ (maṃsesu) |
Vocative (calling) | ᨾᩘᩈ (maṃsa) | ᨾᩘᩈᩣᨶᩥ (maṃsāni) |
Manual claimed Mon aorist conjugation with transliteration fixes:
alternative form of
[edit]Alternative form of elephant (shrook, “pachyderm”) elephant (shrook, “pachyderm”)
Writing Systems
[edit]In principal homorganic nasals might be written using niggahita instead of the explicit nasal consonant, but I have not yet encountered systematic use. This would affect verbal inflection. Normative spelling generally rejects it, though it does turn up as the main spelling occasionally, but affecting stems rather than affixes.
Latn
[edit]The dominant writing system for the Roman script is IAST and its variants. The variations affecting the inflections are:
- ṃ v. ṁ v. ŋ v. n
- Mark for vowel length - macron, acute, circumflex or grave.
At present, so far as I am aware, we only use ṃ and macron. I had thought that there was a ukase to that effect, but I can't find it.
I would want to mix forms in a single inflection table, though listing them as a footnote would also be appropriate.
Thai
[edit]There are two major writing systems for the Thai script - with and without implicit vowels. For the former, there are older variations involving the use of yamakkan and wanchakan, but these do not need to be addressed for now.
Although there are some inflection tables that mix the two systems in inflection tables for feminine forms, I now think that it is better to give separate tables for nominals. (There are currently technical problems with transliteration in mixing them for masculine and neuter forms).
Deva
[edit]There is no indication of any variation that affects the inflection.
Beng
[edit]The only likely variation lies in the representation of <v> in inflection. We may have a choice between Bengal BA, RA WITH MIDDLE DIAGONAL and RA WITH LOWER DIAGONAL. If this happens, I would favour putting them in the same table for verbs. On balance, I also favour mixing them for nominals.
Sinh
[edit]We currently have decent attestation for touching letters (with some conjunct exceptions) only. We might need at some point to support visible AL LAKUNA.
I would favour mixing them in the same inflection table.
Brah
[edit]As we do not classify Ashokan Prakrit as Pali, there do not seem to be any writing system variations to be concerned with.
Khmr
[edit]There is as yet no indication of any variation that affects the inflection. However, in the long term Khom texts should be investigated, as the script as a whole distinguishes an unencoded vowel like โ from the dependent vowel OO of the Khmer script. If there were a distinction, I would favour mixing them.
Lana
[edit]Affecting inflection, there is a distinction between round AA and long AA, which is currently handled by the parameter aa to the inflection templates. The rare occurrence of <SA, SIGN SA> is so far rare enough to only be included where attested. So far, it does not seem worth splitting inflection tables by writing system. There is potentially an issue with aorist 3rd plural in -iṃsu, but for now more examples are needed.
Mymr
[edit]There are at least six writing systems. There is a possibility of conflict between round AA and long AA, but the mechanism for the Lana script will also handle that. The writing systems are Burmese, Mon, 'old' Shan, 'new' Shan, Khamti Shan (Unicode proposal L2/08-276 and Tai Laing (Unicode proposal L2/12-012). Thai Mon should be reviewed for differences - off the top of my head, there may be an issue with -ss-.
A preliminary character chart is here. While combining some of Shan, Khamti Shan and Tai Laing will sometimes be possible, it looks infrequent enough not to expend significant effort enabling it. They will rarely mix with other variants. It needs to be reviewed, and it looks as though there may be other consonant correspondences.
Title | Burmese | Mon | Shan | Khamti Shan | Tai Laing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
k | က 1000 |
က 1000 |
ၵ 1000 |
က 1000 |
က 1000 |
kh | ခ 1001 |
ခ 1001 |
ၶ 1076 |
ၵ 1075 |
ၵ 1075 |
g | ဂ 1002 |
ဂ 1002 |
ၷ 1077 |
ꩱ AA71 |
ꧩ A9E9 |
gh | ဃ 1003 |
ဃ 1001 |
ꧠ A9E0 |
ဂ 1002 |
ꧪ A9EA |
ṅ | င 1004 |
ၚ 1004 |
င 1004 |
င 1004 |
င 1004 |
c | စ 1005 |
စ 1005 |
ၸ 1078 |
ꩡ AA61 |
ၸ 1078 |
ch | ဆ 1006 |
ဆ 1006 |
ꧡ A9E1 |
ꩢ AA62 |
ꩬ AA6C |
j | ဇ 1007 |
ဇ 1007 |
ၹ 1079 |
ꩣ AA63 |
ꧫ A9EB |
jh | ဈ 1008 |
ၛ 105B |
ꧢ A9E2 |
ꩤ AA64 |
ꧬ A9EC |
ñ | ဉ 1009 |
ဉ 1009 or ည 100A |
ၺ 007A |
ꩥ AA65 |
ꧧ A9E7 |
ṭ | ဋ 100B |
ဋ 100B |
ꩦ AA66 |
ꩦ AA66 |
ꩦ AA66 |
ṭh | ဌ 100C |
ဌ 100C |
ꩧ AA67 |
ꩧ AA67 |
ꩧ AA67 |
ḍ | ဍ 100D |
ဍ 100D |
ꩨ AA68 |
ꩨ AA68 |
ꧭ AA68 |
ḍh | ဎ 100E |
ဎ 100E |
ꩩ AA69 |
ꩩ AA69 |
ꧮ A9EE |
ṇ | ဏ 100F |
ဏ 100F |
ꧣ A9E3 |
ၼ 107C |
ꧯ A9EF |
t | တ 1010 |
တ 1010 |
တ 1010 |
တ 1010 |
တ 1010 |
th | ထ 1011 |
ထ 1011 |
ထ 1011 |
ထ 1011 |
ထ 1011 |
d | ဒ 1012 |
ဒ 1012 |
ၻ 107B |
ၻ 107B |
ꧻ A9FB |
dh | ဓ 1013 |
ဓ 1013 |
ꩪ AA6A |
ꩪ AA6A |
ꧼ A9FC |
n | န 1014 |
န 1014 |
ၼ 107C |
ꩫ AA6B |
ꩫ AA6B |
p | ပ 1015 |
ပ 1015 |
ပ 1015 |
ပ 1015 |
ပ 1015 |
ph | ဖ 1016 |
ဖ 1016 |
ၽ 107D |
ၸ 1078 |
ꧤ A9E4 |
b | ဗ 1017 |
ဗ 1017 |
ၿ 107F |
ၿ 107F |
ꧽ A9FD |
bh | ဘ 1018 |
ဘ 1018 |
ꧤ A9E4 |
ၹ 1079 |
ꧾ A9FE |
m | မ 1019 |
မ 1019 |
မ 1019 |
မ 1019 |
မ 1019 |
y | ယ 101A |
ယ 101A |
ယ 101A |
ယ 101A |
ယ 101A |
r | ရ 101B |
ရ 101B |
ရ 101B |
ရ 101B |
ꩺ AA7A |
l | လ 101C |
လ 101C |
လ 101C |
လ 101C |
လ 101C |
v | ဝ 101D |
ဝ 101D |
ဝ 101D |
ဝ 101D |
ဝ 101D |
s | သ 101E |
သ 101E |
သ 101E |
ꩬ AA6C |
ꩬ or ꧬ or သ? AA6C or A9EC or 101E? |
h | ဟ 101F |
ဟ 101F |
ႁ 101F |
ꩭ AA6D |
ၯ 106F |
ḷ | ဠ 1020 |
ဠ 1020 |
ꩮ AA6E |
ꩮ AA6E |
ꧺ A9FA |
Independent vowels | |||||
a | အ 1021 |
အ 1021 |
ဢ 1022 |
ဢ 1022 |
ဢ 1022 |
ā | အာ 1021 102C |
အာ 1021 102C |
ဢႃ 1022 1083 |
ဢႃ 1022 1083 |
ဢႃ 1022 1083 |
ā (closed) | N/A | N/A | ဢၢ 1022 1062 |
ဢၢ 1022 1062 |
N/A |
i | ဣ 1023 |
ဣ 1023 |
ဢိ 1022 102D |
ဢိ 1022 102D |
ဢိ 1022 102D |
ī | ဤ 1024 |
ဣဳ 1023 1033 |
ဢီ 1022 102E |
ဢီ 1022 102E |
ဢီ 1022 102E |
u | ဥ 1025 |
ဥ 1025 |
ဢု 1022 102F |
ဢု 1022 102F |
ဢု 1022 102F |
ū | ဦ 1026 |
ဥု 1025 102F |
ဢူ 1022 1030 |
ဢူ 1022 1030 |
ဢူ 1022 1030 |
e | ဧ 1027 |
ဨ 1028 |
ဢေ 1022 1031 |
ဢေ 1022 1031 |
ဢေ 1022 1031 |
o | ဩ 1029 |
ဩ 1029 |
ဢေႃ 1022 1031 1083 |
ဢေႃ 1022 1031 1083 |
ဢေႃ 1022 1031 1083 |
cjct | stack | stack | stack / nostack | nostack | nostack |
Dependent vowels | |||||
kaṃ | ကံ 1000 1036 |
ကံ 1000 1036 |
ကံ 1000 1036 |
ကံ 1000 1036 |
ကံ 1000 1036 |
ka | က 1000 |
က 1000 |
က 1000 |
က 1000 |
က 1000 |
kā | ကာ 1000 102C |
ကာ 1000 102C |
ကႃ 1000 1083 |
ကႃ 1000 1083 |
ကႃ 1000 1083 |
gā | ဂါ 1002 102B |
ဂါ or ? 1002 102B or ? |
N/A | N/A | N/A |
kā (closed) | N/A | N/A | ကၢ 1000 1062 |
ကၢ 1000 1062 |
N/A |
ki | ကိ 1000 102D |
ကိ 1000 102D |
ကိ 1000 102D |
ကိ 1000 102D |
ကိ 1000 102D |
kī | ကီ 1000 102E |
ကဳ 1000 1033 |
ကီ 1000 102E |
ကီ 1000 102E |
ကီ 1000 102E |
ku | ကု 1000 102F |
ကု 1000 102F |
ကု 1000 102F |
ကု 1000 102F |
ကု 1000 102F |
kū | ကူ 1000 1030 |
ကူ 1000 1030 |
ကူ 1000 1030 |
ကူ 1000 1030 |
ကူ 1000 1030 |
ke | ကေ 1000 1031 |
ကေ 1000 1031 |
ကေ 1000 1031 |
ကေ 1000 1031 |
ကေ 1000 1031 |
ko | ကော 1000 1031 102c |
ကော 1000 1031 102c |
ကေႃ 1000 1031 1083 |
ကေႃ 1000 1031 1083 |
ကေႃ 1000 1031 1083 |
go | ဂေါ 1000 1031 102B |
ဂေါ 1000 1031 102B or ? |
N/A | N/A | N/A |
Geminates | |||||
ññ | ည 100A 100A |
ည or ည္ည 100A or 100A 1039 100A |
ၺ္ၺ or ၺ်ၺ 107A 1039 107A or 107A 103A 107A | ||
ss | ဿ 103F |
ဿ or သ္သ 103F or 103F 1039 103F |
unenc or သ်သ unenc or 101E 103A 101E |
Two vowels in inflections show variation - ā and -ī. For the former we can simply extend the use of |aa=
, taking values 'round', 'tall', 'both' and 'shan'. For the latter, we can do something similar with |ii=
. Thinking ahead, we can footnote the alternatives as Burmese and as Mon when we select |ii=both
.
However, the consonant differences are different enough to overwhelm this system. The letters r, s, n and h vary between the writing systems, and I propose that we using a writing system parameter (possibly |ws=
, possibly even |sc=
) to distinguish between the Shan sensu lato writing systems. I'm inclined to identify them by the codes for the vernaculars - shn, kht, and tjl. Shan has exhibited two writing systems for Pali, one stacked and another non-stacked. The wording of descriptions give the impression that Khamti and Tai Laing Pali do not stack consonants, but I have seen the misspelt ꩬံပုက္တႃꩬး (for saṃbuddhassa - L2/20-162), so there may be similar variations in the others. I therefore propose to have a parameter such as |stack=
to control this dimension.
Laoo
[edit]There seem to be many writing systems. The existence of the following is demonstrated or asserted:
a) Buddhist Institute alphabet with implicit vowels (an abugida), b) Buddhist Institute alphabet without implicit vowels (technically an alphabet). c) Lao repertoire with following options:
Use ຣ or not for <r>? Use ຢ or not for <y> Use ດບ for clusters? Use cancellation mark for 'un-Lao' clusters? (May need resolution sv v.tv)
d) System using nuktas.
As with Thai, inflection tables for the abugidic spelling are best kept separate. At present I am merging the others for nominals where the stems are the same. For verbs, I am splitting the tables on the basis of the writing of <y> - NYO v. YO.
Mon Transliteration Systems
[edit]- | Jenny |
---|---|
က | k |
ခ | kh |
ဂ | g |
ဃ | gh |
ၚ | ṅ |
ၚ်္အ | ṅ |
စ | c |
ဆ | ch |
ဇ | j |
ၛ | jh |
ည | ñ |
ဋ | ṭ |
ဌ | ṭh |
ဍ | ḍ |
ဎ | ḍh |
ဏ | ṇ |
တ | t |
ထ | th |
ဒ | d |
ဓ | dh |
န | n |
ပ | p |
ဖ | ph |
ဗ | b |
ဘ | bh |
မ | m |
ယ | y |
ရ | r |
လ | l |
ဝ | |
ၐ | ś |
ၑ | ṣ |
သ | s |
ဟ | h |
ဠ | ḷ |
ၜ | |
အ | ʼa |
အ် | |
ၝ | |
အာ | ʼā |
အါ | |
ဣ | |
အိ | |
အဳ | |
ဥ | |
အု | |
ဥု | |
အူ | |
ဨ | |
အေ | |
ဩ | |
အော | |
အဲ | |
အဴ | |
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Bharati Braille
[edit]main sequence | shifted right | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st decade | ⠁ | ⠃ | ⠉ | ⠙ | ⠑ | ⠋ | ⠛ | ⠓ | ⠊ | ⠚ | ⠈ | ⠘ | |
1 a | 2 b | 3 c | 4 d | 5 ē | 6 f | 7 g | 8 h | 9 i | 0 j | (accent) (halant) | bh | ||
(Eng) | (1 a) | (2 b) | (3 c) | (4 d) | (5 e) | (6 f) | (7 g) | (8 h) | (9 i) | (0 j) | (accent) | (abbrev) | |
2nd decade | ⠅ | ⠇ | ⠍ | ⠝ | ⠕ | ⠏ | ⠟ | ⠗ | ⠎ | ⠞ | ⠌ | ⠜ | |
k | l | m | n | ō | p | kṣ | r | s | t | ai | ā | ||
(Eng) | (k) | (l) | (m) | (n) | (o) | (p) | (q) | (r) | (s) | (t) | (st /) | (ar)) | |
3rd decade | ⠥ | ⠧ | ⠭ | ⠽ | ⠵ | ⠯ | ⠿ | ⠷ | ⠮ | ⠾ | ⠬ | ⠼ | |
u | v | o | y | z | ṣ | ḍh | ḻ | dh | ṭ | ṅ | ṇ (num) | ||
(Eng) | (u) | (v) | (x) | (y) | (z) | (and) | (for) | (of) | (the) | (with) | (-ing) | (num -ble) | |
4th decade | ⠡ | ⠣ | ⠩ | ⠹ | ⠱ | ⠫ | ⠻ | ⠳ | ⠪ | ⠺ | ⠨ | ⠸ | |
ch | gh | ś | th | jñ | ḍ | ṛ/ṟ | ū | au | ṭh | kh (italics) | ḷ | ||
(Eng) | (ch) | (gh) | (sh) | (th) | (wh) | (ed) | (er) | (ou) | (ow) | (w) | (disp) (emph) | abbrev | |
5th decade | ⠂ | ⠆ | ⠒ | ⠲ | ⠢ | ⠖ | ⠶ | ⠦ | ⠔ | ⠴ | ⠐ | ⠰ | |
, ’ | ; | : ñ | । | e | ! ph | ? " | ī | jh | (pointing) | ṉ ṁ | |||
(Eng) | (, -ea-) | (; -bb-) | (: -cc-) | (. -dd-) | (-en-) | (! -ff- to) | (() -gg-) | (? ") | in | (" by) | (abbrev) | (letter) | |
bottom row | ⠄ | ⠤ | ⠠ | ⠀ | |||||||||
m̐ | - | ḥ | (space) | ||||||||||
(Eng) | (') | (- com-) | (caps) | (space) |
⠂ represents comma, apostrophe and avagraha.
(pointing) starts some letter symbols, and modifies some letters, both in Indic scripts and for Urdu.
(caps) lengthens syllabic consonants.