ທັມມະ

See also: ທ຺ັມມະ

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• dhamma (Latin script)
• 𑀥𑀫𑁆𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• धम्म (Devanagari script)
• ধম্ম (Bengali script)
• ධම‍්ම (Sinhalese script)
• ဓမ္မ or ꩪမ္မ or ꩪမ်မ (Burmese script)
• ธมฺม or ธัมมะ (Thai script)
• ᨵᨾ᩠ᨾ (Tai Tham script)
• ຘມ຺ມ or ຘັມມະ (Lao script)
• ធម្ម (Khmer script)
• 𑄙𑄟𑄴𑄟 (Chakma script)

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• dhamma (Latin script)
• 𑀥𑀫𑁆𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• धम्म (Devanagari script)
• ধম্ম (Bengali script)
• ධම‍්ම (Sinhalese script)
• ဓမ္မ or ꩪမ္မ or ꩪမ်မ (Burmese script)
• ธมฺม or ธัมมะ (Thai script)
• ᨵᨾ᩠ᨾ (Tai Tham script)
• ຘມ຺ມ or ຘັມມະ (Lao script)
• ធម្ម (Khmer script)
• 𑄙𑄟𑄴𑄟 (Chakma script)

Noun

ທັມມະ (damma) m

1. Lao script form of dhamma (“righteousness”)
   • (Can we date this quote?), Laobounkird, Anisongfree‎^[1] (overall work in Lao), published 2015:

     ສ໌ວາກຂາໂຕ ພະຄະວະຕາ ທັມໂມ ສັນທິດຖິໂກ ອະກາລິໂກ ເອຫິປັດສິໂກ ໂອປະນະຍິໂກ ປັດຈັດຕັງ ເວຫິຕັບໂພ ວິນຍູຫິຕິ.

     svākkhāto baɡavatā dammo sanditthiko akāliko ehipassiko opanayiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhiti.
     With ambiguities resolved:
     svākkhāto bhaɡavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opanayiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhiti.

     The dhamma has been expounded well by the Exalted One, it is not esoteric, it is not timebound, it is open to all, leading to nirvana, it should be known by the wise individually.

   • (Can we date this quote?), Laobounkird, Anisongfree‎^[2] (overall work in Lao), published 2015:

     ພາຫຸງ ສະຫັດສະມະພິນິມມິຕະສາວຸທັນຕັງຄະລີເມຂະລັງ ອຸທິຕະໂຄລະສະເສນະມາລັງທານາທິທັມມາວິທິນາ ຊິຕະວາ ມຸນິນໂທຕັນເຕຊະສາ ພະວະຕຸ ເຕ ຊະຍະມັງຄະລານິ ຯ

     bāhuṃ sahassamabinimmitasāvudantaṅɡalīmekhalaṃ uditaɡolasasenamālaṃdānādidammāvidinā jitavā munindotantejasā bavatu te jayamaṅɡalāni
     With ambiguities resolved:
     bāhuṃ sahassamabhinimmitasāvudhantaṅɡarīmekhalaṃ uditaɡhorasasenamāraṃdānādidhammāvidhinā jitavā munindotantejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅɡalāni

     The lord of the sages has subdued terrible Mara, who had created a thousand beweaponed arms, was accompanied by his army and was mounted on Girimekhala, by reason of giving and so forth. May you have the blessings of success by the power of this.

Declension

Declension table of "ທັມມະ" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	ທັມໂມ (dammo)	ທັມມາ (dammā)
Accusative (second)	ທັມມັງ (dammaṃ)	ທັມເມ (damme)
Instrumental (third)	ທັມເມນະ (dammena)	ທັມເມຫິ (dammehi) or ທັມເມພິ (dammebi)
Dative (fourth)	ທັມມັດສະ (dammassa) or ທັມມາຍະ (dammāya) or ທັມມັດຖັງ (dammatthaṃ)	ທັມມານັງ (dammānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	ທັມມັດມາ (dammasmā) or ທັມມັມຫາ (dammamhā) or ທັມມາ (dammā)	ທັມເມຫິ (dammehi) or ທັມເມພິ (dammebi)
Genitive (sixth)	ທັມມັດສະ (dammassa)	ທັມມານັງ (dammānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	ທັມມັດມິງ (dammasmiṃ) or ທັມມັມຫິ (dammamhi) or ທັມເມ (damme)	ທັມເມສຸ (dammesu)
Vocative (calling)	ທັມມະ (damma)	ທັມມາ (dammā)

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• damma (Latin script)
• 𑀤𑀫𑁆𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• दम्म (Devanagari script)
• দম্ম (Bengali script)
• දම‍්ම (Sinhalese script)
• ဒမ္မ or ၻမ္မ or ၻမ်မ (Burmese script)
• ทมฺม or ทัมมะ (Thai script)
• ᨴᨾ᩠ᨾ (Tai Tham script)
• ທມ຺ມ (Lao script)
• ទម្ម (Khmer script)
• 𑄘𑄟𑄴𑄟 (Chakma script)

Adjective

ທັມມະ

1. Lao script form of damma (“needing taming”)
   • 1943, Phaya Luang Maha Sena (Phouy), Learn fast to read Tham characters in Pali Texts‎^[3], 2nd edition (PDF; overall work in Lao), Buddhist Institute, archived from the original on 4 April 2016, page 45:

     ອິຕິປິ ໂສ ພະຄະວາ* ອະຣະຫັງ ສັມມາສັມ-
     ພຸທໂທ຺ ວິຊຊາຈະຣະນ຺ະສັມປັນໂນ ສຸຄະໂຕ ໂລ-
     ກະວິທູ ອະນຸຕຕະໂຣ ປຸຣິສະທັມມະສາຣະຖິ ສັຕຖາ
     ເທວ* ມະນຸສສານັງ ພຸທໂທ຺ ພ຺ະຄະວາຕິ—

     itipi so bhaɡavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti.

     Surely, he is a blessed one, an arahat, correctly and completely enlightened, endowed with knowledge and good behaviour, faring well, knowing the universe, an unequalled driver of men who need taming, teacher of gods and men, a buddha, the Blessed One.
     * Ought to be ພ຺ະຄະວາ & ເທວະ; transliteration and translation are as though spelt thus.

Declension

Declension table of "ທັມມະ" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	ທັມໂມ (dammo)	ທັມມາ (dammā)
Accusative (second)	ທັມມັງ (dammaṃ)	ທັມເມ (damme)
Instrumental (third)	ທັມເມນະ (dammena)	ທັມເມຫິ (dammehi) or ທັມເມພິ (dammebi) or ທັມເມຠິ (dammebhi) or ທັມເມພ຺ິ (dammebhi)
Dative (fourth)	ທັມມັສສະ (dammassa) or ທັມມາຍະ (dammāya) or ທັມມາຢະ (dammāya) or ທັມມັຕຖັງ (dammatthaṃ) or ທັມມັດສະ (dammassa) or ທັມມັດຖັງ (dammatthaṃ)	ທັມມານັງ (dammānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	ທັມມັສມາ (dammasmā) or ທັມມັມຫາ (dammamhā) or ທັມມາ (dammā)	ທັມເມຫິ (dammehi) or ທັມເມພິ (dammebi) or ທັມເມຠິ (dammebhi) or ທັມເມພ຺ິ (dammebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	ທັມມັສສະ (dammassa) or ທັມມັດສະ (dammassa)	ທັມມານັງ (dammānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	ທັມມັສມິງ (dammasmiṃ) or ທັມມັມຫິ (dammamhi) or ທັມເມ (damme)	ທັມເມສຸ (dammesu)
Vocative (calling)	ທັມມະ (damma)	ທັມມາ (dammā)

Declension table of "ທັມມາ" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	ທັມມາ (dammā)	ທັມມາໂຍ (dammāyo) or ທັມມາໂຢ (dammāyo) or ທັມມາ (dammā)
Accusative (second)	ທັມມັງ (dammaṃ)	ທັມມາໂຍ (dammāyo) or ທັມມາໂຢ (dammāyo) or ທັມມາ (dammā)
Instrumental (third)	ທັມມາຍະ (dammāya) or ທັມມາຢະ (dammāya)	ທັມມາຫິ (dammāhi) or ທັມມາພິ (dammābi) or ທັມມາຠິ (dammābhi) or ທັມມາພ຺ິ (dammābhi)
Dative (fourth)	ທັມມາຍະ (dammāya) or ທັມມາຢະ (dammāya)	ທັມມານັງ (dammānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	ທັມມາຍະ (dammāya) or ທັມມາຢະ (dammāya)	ທັມມາຫິ (dammāhi) or ທັມມາພິ (dammābi) or ທັມມາຠິ (dammābhi) or ທັມມາພ຺ິ (dammābhi)
Genitive (sixth)	ທັມມາຍະ (dammāya) or ທັມມາຢະ (dammāya)	ທັມມານັງ (dammānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	ທັມມາຍະ (dammāya) or ທັມມາຢະ (dammāya) or ທັມມາຍັງ (dammāyaṃ) or ທັມມາຢັງ (dammāyaṃ)	ທັມມາສຸ (dammāsu)
Vocative (calling)	ທັມເມ (damme)	ທັມມາໂຍ (dammāyo) or ທັມມາໂຢ (dammāyo) or ທັມມາ (dammā)

Declension table of "ທັມມະ" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	ທັມມັງ (dammaṃ)	ທັມມານິ (dammāni)
Accusative (second)	ທັມມັງ (dammaṃ)	ທັມມານິ (dammāni)
Instrumental (third)	ທັມເມນະ (dammena)	ທັມເມຫິ (dammehi) or ທັມເມພິ (dammebi) or ທັມເມຠິ (dammebhi) or ທັມເມພ຺ິ (dammebhi)
Dative (fourth)	ທັມມັສສະ (dammassa) or ທັມມາຍະ (dammāya) or ທັມມາຢະ (dammāya) or ທັມມັຕຖັງ (dammatthaṃ) or ທັມມັດສະ (dammassa) or ທັມມັດຖັງ (dammatthaṃ)	ທັມມານັງ (dammānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	ທັມມັສມາ (dammasmā) or ທັມມັມຫາ (dammamhā) or ທັມມາ (dammā)	ທັມເມຫິ (dammehi) or ທັມເມພິ (dammebi) or ທັມເມຠິ (dammebhi) or ທັມເມພ຺ິ (dammebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	ທັມມັສສະ (dammassa) or ທັມມັດສະ (dammassa)	ທັມມານັງ (dammānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	ທັມມັສມິງ (dammasmiṃ) or ທັມມັມຫິ (dammamhi) or ທັມເມ (damme)	ທັມເມສຸ (dammesu)
Vocative (calling)	ທັມມະ (damma)	ທັມມານິ (dammāni)