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Burushaski-Kartvelian

[edit]

Kelauradze's list

[edit]
  1. Burushaski: [script needed] (bubóq, buttock; calves)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *baq̇w- (thigh, haunch)
    Georgian: ბაყვ-ი (baq̇v-i, thigh, haunch), ბაყვ კაცი (baq̇v ḳaci, lazy, fat man)
    Svan: ბაყუ̂-ია-ჲ (baq̇û-ia-y, fat, big)
    Mingrelian: ბოყვ-ი (boq̇v-i)
  2. Burushaski: [script needed] (bákur, small covered pen for lambs and kids)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *bag-a- (crib, stall)
    Georgian: ბაგ-ა (bag-a, crib, stall)
    Svan: ბაგ (bag, stall)
    Mingrelian: ბოგ-ა (bog-a, cowshed)
    Laz: ბოგ-ა (bog-a, stall)
  3. Burushaski: [script needed] (bis, bes, fat)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *bez- ~ *biz- (to become satiated, to swell up)
    Georgian: გა-ბიზ-ინ-ებ-ა (ga-biz-in-eb-a)
    Mingrelian: გო-ბიზ-ინ-აფ-ა (go-biz-in-ap-a)
    Svan: ბიზ-ა (biz-a)
  4. Burushaski: [script needed] (buṭár, billy goat older than one year)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *boṭ- (billy goat)
    Georgian: ბოტ-ი (boṭ-i)
    Svan: ბოტ (boṭ)
    Mingrelian: ბეტ-არ-ი (beṭ-ar-i)
  5. Burushaski: [script needed] (ċhor, early, soon, fast)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *c̣ar- (quick)
    Georgian: ს-წრ-აფ-ი (s-c̣r-ap-i, quick)
    Mingrelian: წორ-აფ-ა (c̣or-ap-a, outrunning)
  6. Burushaski: [script needed] (zuṭú, filthy due to nocturnal emission, menstruation, or if one hasn't bathed after coitus), [script needed] (zeṭú), [script needed] (cetú)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *c̣id-a- (filth)
    Old Georgian: წიდ-ა (c̣id-a, filth), წიდ-ოვნ-ებ-ა-ჲ (c̣id-ovn-eb-a-y, menstruation)
    Svan: წიდ (c̣id, dirt, filth; cow's placenta)
    Mingrelian: წინდ-ა (c̣ind-a, dirt, filth)
    Laz: წიდ-ა (ǯid-a, manure)
  7. Burushaski: [script needed] (-ċhan, count, reckon; add to)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *c̣on- (to weigh)
    Georgian: წონ-ა (c̣on-a, weight)
    Svan: ლი-წუ̂ნ-ე (li-c̣ûn-e, weighing)
    Mingrelian: წონ-უ-ა (c̣on-u-a, weighing)
    Laz: ო-წონ-უ (o-ǯon-u, weighing)
  8. Burushaski: [script needed] (ċhil, ċhel, ċhal, water, juice)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *c̣q̇al- (water)
    Georgian: წყალ-ი (c̣q̇al-i)
    Mingrelian: წყუ (c̣q̇u, well)
  9. Burushaski: [script needed] (ćhuṭ-, drop, dew)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *c̣₁wet- (drop, dew)
    Georgian: წვეთ-ი (c̣vet-i)
    Mingrelian: ჭვათ-ი (č̣vat-i), ჭვეთ-ი (č̣vet-i)
    Laz: მჭვეთ-ი (mç̌vet-i)
  10. Burushaski: [script needed] (ćaká, curd cheese drained in a bowl)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *c̣ak- (whey)
    Georgian: წაქ-ი (c̣ak-i, whey), წაქ-ა (c̣ak-a)
    Svan: წაქ (c̣ak, whey; drop)
    Mingrelian: წუქ-ი (c̣uk-i, residual liquid from whey after removing curds)
  11. Burushaski: [script needed] (ċhir, ċer, intestine, gut)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *c̣₁el- (intestine, gut)
    Georgian: წელ-ი (c̣el-i)
    Svan: ჭინ-ჭილ (č̣in-č̣il) (reduplication)
    Mingrelian: ჭჷ (č̣ə)
    Laz: მჭუ (mç̌u)
  12. Burushaski: [script needed] (-ćhí, to give)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *c₁- (to give)
    Georgian: მი-ც-ემ-ა (mi-c-em-a)
    Mingrelian: მე-ჩ-ამ-ა (me-č-am-a)
    Laz: მე-ჩ-ამ-უ (me-ç-am-u)
  13. Burushaski: [script needed] (ćhulćhal, similarity, resemblance)
    Proto-Kartvelian: **c₁al- (similarity; equal)
    Georgian: ცალ-ი (cal-i, either (one or the other of two); equal)
    Svan: -შა̄ლ (-šāl, like, as, postposition)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *cal- (either (one or the other of two); equal)
    Georgian: ცალ-ი (cal-i)
    Laz: ცორ-ი (ʒor-i)
    Kelauradze compares *c₁al-, which is an incorrect reconstruction because Svan isn't related to this root at all.
  14. Burushaski: [script needed] (-ćaq, to chew)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *c₁ox- (to ruminate, chew)
    Georgian: ცოხ-ნ-ა (cox-n-a)
    Svan: ლი-ჩეხუ̂ (li-čexû)
  15. Burushaski: [script needed] (dir, long and straight juniper trunk)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *dir- (log, beam, cross-beam)
    Georgian: დირ-ე (dir-e)
    Svan: დი̄რ (dīr)
  16. Burushaski: [script needed] (ḍor, ram with short horns)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *dol- (hornless sheep, cow)
    Georgian: დოლ-ა (dol-a)
    Svan: დუ̂ალ-აჲ (dûal-ay)
    Mingrelian: დულ-უ (dul-u)
  17. Burushaski: [script needed] (giśa-, to plait, weave), [script needed] (yaśi-)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *gwas₁- ~ *gus₁- (to weave, knit)
    Georgian: ქს-ოვ-ა (ks-ov-a)
    Svan: ლი-ჯიშ (li-ǯiš)
    Mingrelian: რშ-უ-ალ-ა (rš-u-al-a) (*ქშ-უ-ალ-ა (*kš-u-al-a))
    Laz: ო-შ-უ (o-ş-u) (*ო-ქშ-უ (*o-kş-u))
  18. Burushaski: [script needed] (laṣ-, to lick)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *laš- (lip)
    Georgian: ლაშ-ი (laš-i)
    Mingrelian: ლეჩქვ-ი (lečkv-i)
    Laz: ლეშქ-ი (leşk-i)
  19. Burushaski: [script needed] (śon-mumúyo, blind rat; mole)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *mux- (mole)
    Svan: მუხ (mux), მუჰ (muh)
    Mingrelian: მუხვ-ი (muxv-i)
  20. Burushaski: [script needed] (muc̣, handful, fist)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *muč̣w- (handful, fist)
    Georgian: მუჭ-ი (muč̣-i)
    Mingrelian: მუწკ-ა (muc̣ḳ-a), *მუჭკ-ა (*muč̣ḳ-a)
  21. Burushaski: [script needed] (phask, brush thicket; harrow)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *parcx- (claw, talon)
    Georgian: ფარცხ-ი (parcx-i, harrow)
    Svan: ლა-ფა̈ცხ-ირ (la-päcx-ir, rake)
    Mingrelian: ბუცხ-ი (bucx-i, claw, talon)
    Laz: ბუცხ-ა (buʒx-a, claw, talon; rake)
  22. Burushaski: [script needed] (-pho, tang, tip of knife, pencil, mountain, etc.)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *pxa- (small bone of fish, snakes, etc.; fish scale; cartilage)
    Georgian: ფხა (pxa)
    Svan: ფხა (pxa)
    Mingrelian: ხა (xa)
    Laz: მხა (mxa)
  23. Burushaski: [script needed] (qhap-, to put in one's mouth for eating)
    Proto-Kartvelian: **qap- (hole, mouth cavity)
    Svan: ჴა̈ფუ̂ (qäpû, mouth cavity)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *qwap- (cavity)
    Georgian: ჴვაფ-ი (qvap-i)
    Mingrelian: ხვიპ-ი (xviṗ-i)
    Svan: ჴა̈ფუ̂ (qäpû, mouth cavity), ლი-ჴა̈ფუ̂ (li-qäpû, bite)
  24. Burushaski: [script needed] (har, ox), [script needed] (har-, to plough)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *qar- (ox), *qan- (to plough)
    Georgian: ჴარ-ი (qar-i), ხარ-ი (xar-i, ox), ხვნა (xvna, ploughing) (← Old Georgian ჴნ-ვ-ა (qn-v-a))
    Svan: ჴა̈ნ (qän, ox), ლი-ჴნ-ი (li-qn-i, ploughing)
    Mingrelian: ხოჯ-ი (xoǯ-i, ox), ხონ-უ-ა (xon-u-a, ploughing)
    Laz: ხოჯ-ი (xoc-i, ox), ხონ-უ-ა (xon-u-a, ploughing)
  25. Burushaski: [script needed] (-qhís, to rip apart dress)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *qec- (to tear apart)
    Old Georgian: მ-ჴეც-ი (m-qec-i, wild animal, beast of prey)
    Svan: ლი-ჴც-ე (li-qc-e, destroying, demolishing)
  26. Burushaski: [script needed] (qhiríi, kheré, wheat straw)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *qer- (stem)
    Old Georgian: ჴერ-ი (qer-i, stem, shaft)
    Svan: ჴე̄რ (qēr, handle)
  27. Burushaski: [script needed] (hur, hollowed tree trunk used as a water pipe, gutter, etc.; through in which grapes are stomped; furrow for potatoes)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *qur- (to make holes)
    Old Georgian: ჴურ-ელ-ი (qur-el-i, opening, hole), ხვრ-ელ-ი (xvr-el-i, id.)
    Svan: ლა-ჴუ̂რ-ა (la-qûr-a, window)
    Mingrelian: ხუ-ალ-ა (xu-al-a, making holes), ხურ-უ (xur-u, den; ravine)
    Laz: ო-ხ-უ (o-x-u, making holes)
  28. Burushaski: [script needed] (do-hómar, to pray before eating food)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *qwam- (to pray)
    Svan: ლა-ჴუ̂ა̈̄მ (la-qûǟm, church), ლი-ჴუ̂ა̈̄მ-ი (li-qûǟm-i, saying thanks)
    Mingrelian: ხვამ-ა (xvam-a, praying), ო-ხვამ-ე (o-xvam-e, church), ო-ხომ-ე (o-xom-e)
    Laz: ხვამ-ა (xvam-a, praying), ო-ხომ-ალ-ა (o-xom-al-a, festival)
    If Svan ლი-ჴუ̂-ჲე (li-qû-ye, to satisfy one's heart (by crying, etc.)) belongs here, then the Kartvelian reconstruction would be simply *qw-.
  29. Burushaski: [script needed] (qío, to yell)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *q̇iw- (to yell)
    Georgian: ყივ-ილ-ი (q̇iv-il-i)
    Mingrelian: ჸი-ონ-ი (ʾi-on-i)
    Laz: ო-ყი-უ (o-qi-u)
  30. Burushaski: [script needed] (ġuqú, goitre)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *q̇iq̇w- (goitre)
    Georgian: ყიყვ-ი (q̇iq̇v-i)
    Mingrelian: ყვიყვ-ი (q̇viq̇v-i)
  31. Burushaski: [script needed] (rúc̣o, lively, nimble, ready for anything)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *rǯw- (to overcome, conquer; to be capable; right hand)
    Georgian: გა-მა-რჯვ-ებ-ა (ga-ma-rǯv-eb-a, victory), მა-რჯვ-ე (ma-rǯv-e, capable), მა-რჯვ-ენ-ა (ma-rǯv-en-a, right hand)
    Svan: ლი-მუ-რსგუ̂-ენ-ი (li-mu-rsgû-en-i, justifying, being right; victory), ლა-რსგუ̂-ან (la-rsgû-an, right hand)
    Mingrelian: გო-მო-რძგუ-ა (go-mo-rʒgu-a, victory), მო-რძგვ-ი (mo-rʒgv-i, capable), მა-რძგვ-ან-ი (ma-rʒgv-an-i, right hand)
    Laz: მა-რძგვ-ან-ი (ma-rżgv-an-i, right hand)
  32. Burushaski: [script needed] (-sir, feeding)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *ser- (evening; supper)
    Old Georgian: სერ-ი (ser-i, supper)
    Mingrelian: სერ-ი (ser-i, night), ო-სარ-ე (o-sar-e, shirt ← *night shirt)
    Laz: სერ-ი (ser-i, night), ო-სარ-ე (o-sar-e, shirt ← *night shirt)
  33. Burushaski: [script needed] (-sir, -ser, to whet)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *s₁er- (to whet)
    Georgian: სა-სრ-ევ-ი (sa-sr-ev-i, whetstone)
    Svan: ლი-შე̄რ-ე (li-šēr-e, whetting)
  34. Burushaski: [script needed] (thao, ram)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *tqa- (goat)
    Georgian: თხა (txa)
    Svan: დაჴ-ჷლ (daq-əl)
    Mingrelian: თხა (txa)
    Laz: თხა (txa)
  35. Burushaski: [script needed] (thí-, to pour)
    Proto-Kartvelian: **tx- (to vomit; to spill, pour)
    Georgian: ნთხ-ევ-ა (ntx-ev-a, shedding, spilling)
    Svan: **ლი-თხ-უნ-ე (**li-tx-un-e, vomitting)
    Laz: ო-ნთხ-ორ-უ (o-ntx-or-u, vomitting)
    Kartvelian root *tx- doesn't exist because Svan li-tx-un-e doesn't exist
  36. Burushaski: [script needed] (-thán, peak, summit; crown of head)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *txam- (peak, summit; crown of head)
    Georgian: თხემ-ი (txem-i)
    Svan: თხუ̂იმ (txûim)
  37. Burushaski: [script needed] (tili, nut; walnut)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *txil- (hazelnut)
    Georgian: თხილ-ი (txil-i)
    Svan: შდიხ (šdix) (← *შთხიუ̂- ← *შთხილ- (← *štxiû- ← *štxil-))
    Mingrelian: თხირი-ი (txiri-i)
    Laz: თხირი-ი (txiri-i)
  38. Burushaski: [script needed] (baalt)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *wašl̥-
    Georgian: ვაშლი (vašli)
    Svan: უ̂ისგუ̂ (ûisgû) (← *უ̂აშგუ̂- (← *ûašgû-))
    Mingrelian: უშქური (uškuri)
    Laz: ოშქური (oşkuri)

  1. Burushaski: [script needed] (ha, house), [script needed] (hale)
    Proto-Kartvelian: **xol-
    Georgian: სა-ხლ-ი (sa-xl-i)
    Svan: ნა-მ-ხორ (na-m-xor, ruins)
    Mingrelian: ო-ხორ-ი (o-xor-i)
    Laz: ო-ხორ-ი (o-xor-i)

  1. Burushaski: [script needed] (húuṣi, loot, plunder)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *xweč̣- (to take away, win)
    Old Georgian: ხუეჭ-ა (xueč̣-a)
    Mingrelian: ხვაჭ-იე (xvač̣-ie)
  2. Burushaski: [script needed] (sa, sun, day; month)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *za- (season)
    Georgian: ზა-მთარ-ი (za-mtar-i, winter), ზა-ფხულ-ი (za-pxul-i, summer)
    Svan: ზა̈ჲ (zäy, year), ზა̈-ჲ (zä-y)
    Mingrelian: ზო-თონჯ-ი (zo-tonǯ-i, winter)
  3. Burushaski: [script needed] (ćak, hoe)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *čeḳ- (to sharpen)
    Georgian: ჩეკ-ვ-ა (čeḳ-v-a, sharpening), ჩეკ-ო (čeḳ-o, small hoe)
    Mingrelian: ჩაკ-უ-ა (čaḳ-u-a)
  4. Burushaski: [script needed] (ćhum, fish)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *čxam- (fish)
    Georgian: ჩხამ-ა (čxam-a, small fish with red dots)
    Mingrelian: ჩხომ-ი (čxom-i, fish)
    Laz: ჩხომ-ი (çxom-i, fish)
  5. Burushaski: [script needed] (śua, good, excellent)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *šw- (to befit)
    Georgian: შვ-ებ-ა (šv-eb-a)
    Svan: ლი-სგუ̂-ე (li-sgû-e)
    Mingrelian: სქვ-ებ-ა (skv-eb-a)
    Laz: ო-მსქ-უ (o-msk-u)
  6. Burushaski: [script needed] (, sheep intestines with feces inside)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *ǯw- (to defecate)
    Georgian: ჯვ-ამ-ს (ǯv-am-s, defecates)
    Svan: ი-სგ-ე̄რ (i-sg-ēr, defecates)
    Mingrelian: ნძგ-უნ-ს (nʒg-un-s, defecates)
    Laz: ძგ-უმ-ს (żg-um-s, defecates)
  7. Burushaski: [script needed] (zaġ, fat)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *ʒɣ- (fat)
    Svan: ძღუ̂ერ (ʒɣûer)
    Mingrelian: ძღჷ (ʒɣə)
  8. Burushaski: [script needed] (ćhak-én-, to insult)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *ʒ₁ag- (to loathe; to poison)
    Georgian: ძაგ-ებ-ა (ʒag-eb-a, loathing)
    Svan: ლი-ჟგ-ენ-ი (li-žg-en-i, poisoning)
    Mingrelian: ჯოგ-აფ-ა (ǯog-ap-a, feeling of hatred)
    Laz: ო-ნჯუგ-უ (o-ncug-u, loathing)
  9. Burushaski: [script needed] (jaám, relative who can not inherit land)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *ʒ₁am- (brother)
    Georgian: ძმ-ა (ʒm-a), ძამ-ა (ʒam-a)
    Svan: ჯჷმ-ილ (ǯəm-il)
    Mingrelian: ჯიმ-ა (ǯim-a)
    Laz: ჯუმ-ა (cum-a)
  10. Burushaski: [script needed] (jauwa, big sinew of neck or heel; vein), [script needed] (jawa)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *ʒ₁arɣw- (vein)
    Georgian: ძარღვ-ი (ʒarɣv-i)
    Svan: ჯა̈რღუ̂ (ǯärɣû)
    Mingrelian: ჯერღვ-ი (ǯerɣv-i)
  11. Burushaski: [script needed] (chiríṣ, root), [script needed] (ceréṣ)
    Contains adhoc suffix -is.
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *ʒ₁ir- (root, bottom)
    Georgian: ძირ-ი (ʒir-i)
    Mingrelian: ჯინჯ-ი (ǯinǯ-i)
    Laz: ჯიჯ-ი (cic-i)
  12. Burushaski: [script needed] (gabí, bridle), [script needed] (ġabi)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *q̇ab- (jaw)
    Georgian: ყბ-ა (q̇b-a, jaw; beard)
    Svan: ჰა-ყბ-ა (ha-q̇b-a, jaw), ყაბ (q̇ab, beard)
  13. Burushaski: [script needed] (kac̣, to scribble, scratch)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *ḳac̣₁- (to scratch)
    Georgian: კაწ-რ-ავ-ს (ḳac̣-r-av-s, scratches), კაწ-არ-ი (ḳac̣-ar-i, claw)
    Svan: ი-კანჭ-უ̄რ-ა̈̄ლ (i-ḳanč̣-ūr-ǟl)
  14. Burushaski: [script needed] (talí, slope, side)
    Proto-Georgian-Zan: *ṭal- (flint)
    Georgian: ტალ-ი (ṭal-i)
    Mingrelian: *ტოლ-ი (*ṭol-i)
  15. Burushaski: [script needed] (taq-, break, smash)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *ṭax- ~ *ṭex- (to break)
    Georgian: ტეხ-ა (ṭex-a)
    Svan: ლა-ტხ-ი (la-ṭx-i, chisel)
    Mingrelian: ტოხ-უ-ა (ṭox-u-a), ტახ-უ-ა (ṭax-u-a)
    Laz: ო-ტახ-უ (o-ťax-u)
  16. Burushaski: [script needed] (turú-, to disintegrate)
    Proto-Kartvelian: *ṭwer- (dust)
    Georgian: მ-ტვერ-ი (m-ṭver-i, dust), მ-ტვრ-ევ-ა (m-ṭvr-ev-a, breaking, crushing)
    Svan: ტუ̂ერ-დ ლიგნე (ṭûer-d ligne, breaking, crushing)
    Mingrelian: ტვერ-ი (ṭver-i)
    Laz: მ-ტვერ-ი (m-ťver-i)

References

[edit]
  • Ḳelauraʒe, Levan (2008) “Kartvelur, šumerul, basḳur da burušasḳi enata natesaobis šesaxeb”, in Arnold čikobavas saxelobis enatmecnierebis insṭiṭuṭis samecniero sesia (in Georgian), number 67, Tbilisi, pages 34–35
  • Ḳelauraʒe, Levan (2010) “Saertokartvelur harmoniul ḳomṗleksta šesaṭq̇visobatatvis burušulsa da basḳur enebši”, in Arnold čikobavas saxelobis enatmecnierebis insṭiṭuṭis samecniero sesia (in Georgian), number 69, Tbilisi, pages 27–28
  • Ḳelauraʒe, Levan (2011) “Saertokartvelur harmoniul ḳomṗleksta šesaṭq̇visobatatvis burušulsa da basḳur enebši II”, in Arnold čikobavas saḳitxavebi (in Georgian), volume XXII, Tbilisi, pages 38–39
  • Ḳelauraʒe, Levan (2011) “Kartvelur-burušul-basḳuri saerto leksiḳidan. I (mic̣atmokmedeba, mesakonleoba)”, in Arnold čikobavas saxelobis enatmecnierebis insṭiṭuṭis samecniero sesia (in Georgian), number 70, Tbilisi, pages 23–29
  • Ḳelauraʒe, Levan (2011) “Sibilanṭta šesaṭq̇visobani saertokartvelur, c̣inareburušul da c̣inarebasḳur enebs šoris”, in Lingvisṭ-ḳavḳasiologta III saertašoriso simṗoziumi (in Georgian), Tbilisi, pages 83–87
  • Ḳelauraʒe, Levan (2012) “Saertokartvelur gloṭalur bgerata šesaṭq̇visobatatvis saerto-burušul da saerto-basḳur enebši”, in Arnold čikobavas saḳitxavebi (in Georgian), volume XXXIII, Tbilisi, pages 40–44
  • Ḳelauraʒe, Levan (2012) “Kartul-zanuri t : svanuri št/šd/šṭ bgeratpardobis axleburi inṭerṗreṭaciisatvis burušuli enis monacemta gatvalisc̣inebit”, in Resṗubliḳuri dialekṭologiuri samecniero sesia (in Georgian), volume XXXII, Tbilisi, pages 36–37
  • Ḳelauraʒe, Levan (2012) “Geminirebuli bgerebisatvis saerto-kartvelur-burušul-basḳurši”, in Arnold čikobavas saxelobis enatmecnierebis insṭiṭuṭis samecniero sesia (in Georgian), number 71, Tbilisi, pages 19–22

Holst's list

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  • WIP

References

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